• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.35-46
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• 2010

The purpose of the study was to identify the potential buyers' consciousness of single-family housing to provide useful data to help future single-family housing supplies in Ulsan. The study selected residents in Ulsan, who were over twenty and had an interest in living in a single-family housing. A survey was conducted from September 11, 2008 to September 25, 2008. The sample consisted of 364 persons who are currently live in Ulsan metropolitan area. The results are as following. About two thirds of the sample had the desire to live in a single-family housing. Moving into a single-family housing had financial preparation as the greatest issue. When moving into a single-family housing, the convenience of the residential district was the greatest consideration, whether or not it is a green environment, pollution level, etc. The potential buyers valued environment-friendly features and also had a very strong desire to own their own house. Many of them wanted to design and build their own single-family housing within a budget of 100-200 million KRW. In terms of the location, there was a higher preference for the riverside or lakeside rural areas outside the city. In terms of size, the preference was less than $330m^2$, which includes $99-132m^2$ for residential. When considering a single-family housing the direction was the most important feature, along with eco-friendly and safer materials and equipments. When building the single-family housing the potential buyers considered the community spaces first with a preference for having three bedrooms and two bathrooms. For the exterior, they wanted a unique shape of roof and there were high preferences for brown and beige colors. In terms of housing complexes, the potential buyers preferred individual unit types over complexes. If they preferred housing complexes, they wanted the cluster form complex with about 10-30 units. The complex also required a park-like setting with a guard system, which shows that convenience and safety were the most important features. In terms of complex management, they considered environmental management as the most important feature. The potential buyers were willing to pay belw 200,000 KRW, which showed their desire to minimize financial burdens.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

In recent years, the knowledge about bifidobacteria has considerably evolved thanks to recent progress in molecular biology. The analysis of the whole genome sequences of 48 taxa of bifidobacteria offers new perspectives for their classification, especially to set up limit between two species. Indeed, several species are presenting a high homology and should be reclassified. On the other hand, some subspecies are presenting a low homology and should therefore be reclassified into different species. In addition, a better knowledge of the genome of bifidobacteria allows a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in complex carbohydrate metabolism. The genome of some species of bifidobacteria from human but also from animal origin demonstrates high presence in genes involved in the metabolism of complex oligosaccharides. Those species should be further tested to confirm their potential to metabolize complex oligosaccharides in vitro and in vivo.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.609-612
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• 1999

Organic electroluminescent(EL) devices have received a great deal of attention due to their potential application as full-color displays. They are attractive because of their capability of multicolor emission, ease of fabrication, and operation at a low driving voltage. In this study, single and multiple quantum-well structures consisting of Eu(TTA)$_3$(bpy) complex well layer sandwiched between triphenyldiamine derivative (TPD) layers were fabricated and their photoluminescent electroluminescent characteristics were also investigated. Sharp emission at 616 nm has been observed from the Eu complex in multilayer, single and multiple quantum-well structures. Details on the explanation of electrical properties of these structures will be discussed.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2021

Vertical greenery has become an important technological means to improve the ecological environment condition in urban high-density areas, especially in central areas of Chinese cities. The cost of vertical greenery has significantly increased both in the decision-making process of architectural design and in the assessment of the sustainability potential of urban complexes. The estimation and evaluation of the cost of vertical greenery have become important obstacles to multi-party investment in the construction of vertical greenery. Considering the factors of the building typology and full life-cycle cost, this paper constructs an assessment model of vertical greenery in seven types in urban complex, and suggests an optimized approach to vertical greenery in an urban complex.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.267-274
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• 2016

The purposes of this study were to investigate the impacts of concentration levels of whey protein isolate (WPI) and inulin on the formation and physicochemical properties of WPI/inulin nano complexes and to evaluate their potential prebiotic effects. WPI/inulin nano complexes were produced using the internal gelation method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size analyzer were used to assess the morphological and physicochemical characterizations of nano complexes, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency of resveratrol in nano complexes was studied using HPLC while the potential prebiotic effects were investigated by measuring the viability of probiotics. In TEM micrographs, the globular forms of nano complexes in the range of 10 and 100 nm were successfully manufactured. An increase in WPI concentration level from 1 to 3% (w/v) resulted in a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the size of nano complexs while inulin concentration level did not affect the size of nano complexes. The polydispersity index of nano complexes was below 0.3 in all cases while the zeta-potential values in the range of -2 and -12 mV were observed. The encapsulation efficiency of resveratrol was significantly (p<0.05) increased as WPI and inulin concentration levels were increased from 1 to 3% (w/v). During incubation at 37℃ for 24 h, WPI/inulin nano complexes exhibited similar viability of probiotics with free inulin and had significantly (p<0.05) higher viability than negative control. In conclusions, WPI and inulin concentration levels were key factors affecting the physicochemical properties of WPI/inulin nano complexes and had potential prebiotic effect.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.869-873
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• 1994

Electrical properties of each interfacial layers on semiconducting ceramics have been analized and evaluated by complex impedance resonance method as functions of ambient temperatures and applied voltages. From the analytical results, it can be observed that the interfacial layers in a semiconducting ceramics vary individually with the ambient temperature and then this influence the total properties. Also, it has been confirmed that the applied voltage on semiconducting ceramics affect mainly the electrode interface, and thus the resistance and capacitance decrease due to the variation of potential barrier layers.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.173-175
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• 2000

Computational technique, based on the minimization of the crystal energy with respect to atomic coordinates, are shown to reproduce successfully complex crystal structure, in this case, strontium hexaaluminate magnetoplumbite, SrAl/sub 12/O/sub 19/. The experimental crystal structure and symmetry of the complex material is well reproduced with our potential models and some crystal physical properties are calculated.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.261-271
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• 2024

Sulfur is one of the inorganic elements used by plants to develop and produce phytoalexin to resist certain diseases. This study reported a method for preparing a material for plant disease resistance. Sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs) stabilized in the chitosan-Cu²⁺ (CS-Cu²⁺) complex were synthesized by hydrolysis of Na₂S₂O₃ in an acidic medium. The obtained SNPs/CS-Cu²⁺ complex consisting of 0.32% S, 4% CS, and 0.7% Cu (w/v), contained SNPs with an average size of ~28 nm as measured by transmission electron microscopy images. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the SNPs/CS-Cu²⁺ complex showed that SNPs had orthorhombic crystal structures. Interaction between SNPs and the CS-Cu²⁺ complex was also investigated by ultraviolet-visible. Results in vitro nematicidal effect of materials against Meloidogyne incognita showed that SNPs/CS-Cu²⁺ complex was more effective in killing second-stage juveniles (J2) nematodes and inhibiting egg hatching than that of CS and CS-Cu²⁺ complex. The values of LC₅₀ in killing J2 nematodes and EC₅₀ in inhibiting egg hatching of SNPs/CS-Cu²⁺ complex were 75 and 51 mg/l, respectively. These values were lower than those of CS and the CS-Cu²⁺ complex. The test results on the nematicidal effect against M. incognita on coffee pots showed that the SNPs/CS-Cu²⁺ complex was 100% effective at a concentration of 150 mg/l. Therefore, the SNPs/CS-Cu²⁺ complex could be considered as a biochemical material with potential for agricultural applications to control root-knot nematodes.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.39-39
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate vasodilatation effect of complex saponin separated from Scrophulariae radix, Asparagus cochinchinensis and Liriope platyphylla mixture extract on rabbit carotid artery. In this study, to determine vasodilatation effect of complex saponin separated from Scrophulariae radix, Asparagus cochinchinensis and Liriope platyphylla mixture extract on rabbit carotid artery, arterial rings with intact or damaged endothelium were used for experiment using organ bath, and were contracted by endothelin. complex saponin, major active constituents of Scrophulariae radix, Asparagus cochinchinensis and Liriope platyphylla mixture extract, showed a moderate vasodilatation effect on the basilar arteries of rabbits. Therefore, treatment with complex saponin separated from Scrophulariae radix, Asparagus cochinchinensis and Liriope platyphylla mixture extract may selectively accelerate cerebral blood flow through dilatation of the basilar artery. Theseis result suggest a potential role of complex saponin separated from Scrophulariae radix, Asparagus cochinchinensis and Liriope platyphylla mixture extract as source of vasodilatation agent.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2000

A numerical analysis for wave motion in the shallow water is presented. The method is based on potential theory. The fully nonlinear free surface boundary condition is assumed in an inner domain and this solution is matched along an assumed common boundary to a linear solution in outer domain. In two-dimensional problem Cauchy's integral theorem is applied to calculate the complex potential and its time derivative along boundary.