• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.61
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• pp.327-358
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• 2014

During the past decade after entering the World Trade Organization (WTO), China has quickened its integration into the global economy while its foreign trade has been further invigorated. On the 10th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO, the Chinese government issues White Paper to give a comprehensive introduction to China's foreign trade development. Through this paper, the Chinese government introduces I. Historic Progress in China's Foreign Trade II. Reform of and Improvements to China's Foreign Trade System III. The Development of China's Foreign Trade Contributes to the World Economy IV. Promoting Basically Balanced Growth of Foreign Trade V. Constructing All-round Economic and Trade Partnerships with Mutually Beneficial Cooperation VI. Realizing Sustainable Development of Foreign Trade. At present, the underlying impact of the international financial crisis, the protracted, arduous and complicated nature of the world economic recovery is manifesting itself, and the global economic structure and trade layout face in-depth readjustment. China will make new adjustments to its foreign trade, in an effort to turn foreign trade from scale expansion to quality and profit improvement, and from mainly relying on its low-cost advantage to enhancing its comprehensive competitive edge, thereby turning China from a big trading country to a strong trading power. China's foreign trade is still hampered by many uncertainties and is bound to meet new difficulties and challenges. During the 12th Five-year Plan period China will open itself wider to the outside world as a driver for further reform, development and innovation, make full use of its advantages, strengthen international cooperation in all respects. And at the same time China integrate itself into the world economy on a wider scale and at a higher level. China is willing to work with its trading partners to cope with the various challenges facing the world economy and trade, and promote its foreign trade to realize a more balanced, coordinated and sustainable development, and share prosperity and mutually beneficial results with its trading partners.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 1993

Because of the radical changes in the domestic and foreign economic circumstances Koreaa fisheries is confronted with difficulties. Along the end of the UR marine products of other nations are rushing into Korea. Also migration of labor to other industries and rise of wage level in Korean fisheries deteriorate managerial conditions. But in Korea which has little natural resourses fisheries is still more important. That is \circled1 creating job opportunites \circled2 increase of income \circled3 supply of foodstuffs and animal protein \circled4 acquisition of foreign currency \circled5 enlargement of domestic market for industrial products \circled6 development of other interrelated industries \circled7 rational use of domestic resourses \circled8 diversification of population and production activites \circled9 contribution to balanced growth of national economy by the developing regional economy. These roles of fisheries in national economy mentioned above are to be excuted forward. In spite of the radical change in the economic circumstances at the end of the UR fisheries if crucial in Korea as a industry. For this our fisheries is to be made to compete with foreign fisheries. Through the cheap price and high quality our fisheries must be came to compete with foreign fisheries and meet the people's needs for marine products. For this it is necessary to maintain high productivity and competitive power. Now with the exception of a portion of the deep - sea fishing, our fisheries is generally paltry, Especially inshore fishery which is the main stock in our fisheries is very paltry and so productivity and competetive power are very low. So to develop our fisheries which has s comparative disadvantage active polices that follows below are to be promoted on a large scale. \circled1 improvement of structure \circled2 augmentation of productivity in fishing ground by making fisheries resourses \circled3 enlargement of finantial and monetary assistance \circled4 effective administration of fisheries cooperative union \circled5 activation of R&D etc These polices which need to be scientific and comprehensive are very valuable. Especially without making fishieries resources we cannot expect economy of scale, promotion of productivity and development of fisheries. And we do also endeavour to gather the results of the study and investigation about fisheries domestic and foreign and do ceaselessly put these to practical use systimatically.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.139-147
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• 2016

Korea is ahead of the launch of internet banking professional following to America, Europe and Japan. Internet banking is a professional non-store bank to conduct business such as deposits and loans on the internet and call centers. It is operating in a low-cost structure and minimizes the loans and deposits, various fees than traditional banks and obtains a profit. In order to be successful internet banking professional to develop a differentiated work with the existing banks should be competitive. In this paper, we explore and analyze the cases of Japan and the United States to present the future direction of domestic Internet banking professional future. Also it is expected to enable faster and more convenient one-stop financial services. Internet specialized bank is expected to continue to develop further by the inevitable competition with conventional banks as developing differentiated financial services. Deregulation of banks and industries and participation of various companies of security, insurance, telecommunications, and retail are expected to lead to the convergence among industries and development of new financial services.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.941-944
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• 2008

Various ductile fiber reinforced cement composite(DFRCC) including large quantities of PVA fiber or steel fiber have been developed recently and studies to find applications in diverse domains are currently conducted actively. Regard to economical efficiency, DFRCC becomes competitive when applied as special elements and repair material with small quantities rather than the casting of large volume for the main body of structures in field. The authors have developed FRP-DFRCC composite slab for bridges and a wet spraying repair technique using DFRCC. In case of the application on FRP-DFRCC composite slab, it was found that there was no problems the structure and durability of it after passed 3 months. And in case of the application on the application of the deteriorated sewage box that passed 20 years, it was found that there was no difference the repair performance between domestic PVA fiber and the Japan. Therefore, DFRCC using PVA fiber, the concrete structures can be increased to performance and secured the economical efficiency.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.38-47
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• 2010

Builders in Korea are facing significant challenges in the midst of deteriorating market conditions resulting from recent financial crunch and slumping housing sales, etc. To address such changes in management landscape, enterprise organizations need to build an efficient corporate management organization than can ensure prompt and flexible response to changes in surroundings. However, most of them base their management organization on business type and volume due to insufficient understanding and analysis of organization. Top 30 construction companies in Korea have their own management organizations and business structures let alone different competitive edges and challenges. Therefore, this paper attempts to examine the current status of management and organization of construction companies to understand their operational achievements and organizational features in and effort to develop an efficient management strategy and provide inputs contributory to establishment of corporate management organization.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.104-111
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• 2016

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito borne pathogen, belongs to Flaviviridae family having a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome, currently known for causing large epidemics in Brazil. Its infection can cause microcephaly, a serious birth defect during pregnancy. The recent outbreak of ZIKV in February 2016 in Brazil realized it as a major health risk, demands an enhanced surveillance and a need to develop novel drugs against ZIKV. Amodiaquine, prochlorperazine, quinacrine, and berberine are few promising drugs approved by Food and Drug Administration against dengue virus which also belong to Flaviviridae family. In this study, we performed molecular docking analysis of these drugs against nonstructural 3 (NS3) protein of ZIKV. The protease activity of NS3 is necessary for viral replication and its prohibition could be considered as a strategy for treatment of ZIKV infection. Amongst these four drugs, berberine has shown highest binding affinity of -5.8 kcal/mol and it is binding around the active site region of the receptor. Based on the properties of berberine, more similar compounds were retrieved from ZINC database and a structure-based virtual screening was carried out by AutoDock Vina in PyRx 0.8. Best 10 novel drug-like compounds were identified and amongst them ZINC53047591 (2-(benzylsulfanyl)-3-cyclohexyl-3H-spiro[benzo[h]quinazoline-5,1'-cyclopentan]-4(6H)-one) was found to interact with NS3 protein with binding energy of -7.1 kcal/mol and formed H-bonds with Ser135 and Asn152 amino acid residues. Observations made in this study may extend an assuring platform for developing anti-viral competitive inhibitors against ZIKV infection.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 1997

Kinetic studies for the nucleophilic substitution reactions of the benzoic anhydrides with anilines in methanol-acetonitrile mixtures at$35.0{\circ}C$have been carried out in order to elucidate the reaction mechanism. Individual rate constants$k_{XY}$and$k_{XZ}$were decided from the ratios of the reaction products for the competitive substitution reaction at either one of the two carbonyl carbons in benzoic anhydride. Transition state structure and reaction mechanism were elucidated by the Hammett$p_x,\;p_y$and$p_z$values and cross interaction constant$p_x\;p_y$and$p_zvalues. The reaction of the benzoic anhydride has been proposed to proceed by a frontside attack$S_N2 $mechanism with four-membered ring transition state from unusually large magnitude of the$ρ_X,\;ρ_{XY},\;ρ_{XZ}$and positive$p_Y$values.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

The Japanese government has carried out the power industry reform in three phases to supply power stably, control the rise of electricity tariff, and expand consumer choices. The reform of the Japanese electric power industry fosters new kinds of businesses as well as changes the competitive structure in which the enterprises participating electricity business compete. However, for the power industry restructuring to be done smoothly, the accompanying tasks should be carried out. Korea has also been devoting a lot of efforts to cultivate various types of new industries based on the convergence of energy and information and communications technology. If there are the same kinds of new industries between the two countries, the progresses of the industries can be compared to each other over a period of time.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.211-228
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the sales area of gas stations to see the quality and the efficiencies of spatial distribution structure for petroleum products in Tae-jeon City. Location pattern of gas station is classified by factors of competitive facilities, transportation, population and landuse in Tae-jeon City. As a result, High profit pattern and low profit pattern is classified. The characteristics of the distribution pattern of gas station are that the while densely populated has a small sales area, the thinly populated region has huge ones. Location-allocation model is used in order to minimize the travel distance from consumer location to gas station and balance the spatial distribution of gas station in case studies. The result reveals that the model-based locations of gas stations are more dispersed and balanced in the whole Tae-jeon City compared with the actual location of gas stations. This study shows the characteristics and spatial distribution patterns of sales area and location in petroleum products distribution facilities.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.40-62
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• 2010

Because of rapid changes in business environment and fierce competition, firms are facing a more competitive environment and a more serious global competition. Many of the previous literatures have indicated that a business which increases its market orientation will improve its market performance. Numerous authors have argued the interdepartmental dynamics as prior factor to market orientation, and relationship commitment are an essential part of successful long-term relationships. Based on previous literatures, this study proposes the structure about interdepartmental dynamics, market orientation, relationship commitment and performance. The purpose of this paper is to find the impact of market orientation and relationship commitment on customer performance. In addition, this suggests interdepartmental dynamics as prior factor to market orientation. Results indicate that interdepartmental connections can reduce interdepartmental conflict, and lower conflict is a key factor of market orientation. Furthermore, this paper finds evidences that support the mediating effects of the relationship commitment between market orientation and customer performance.