• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2011

Background: To investigate the effect of various intervention application on idiopathic scoliosis patient. Methods: One 20-years-old female subject underwent various intervention 3 times per week for 7 weeks. Modality physical therapy, muscle energy technique, combined pelvic tilt exercise and self exercise was performed for 50minutes. Degree of pain, axial trunk rotation, Cobb's angle, kyphotic angle, lumbar lordotic angle, and sacral angle were measured. Results: The subject decreased in degree of pan, axial trunk rotation, Cobb's angle, thoracic kyphotic angle, lumbar lordotic angle and sacral angle. Conclusions: The various interventions for scoliosis patients are effective in the pain and the improvement of angle on radiograph. However, any method is difficult to determine effective interventions.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1127-1130
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• 1999

Percutaneous coronary intervention including intracoronary stenting is currently an accepted treatment modality in the treatment of coronary artery disease and is widely performed to treat the patient with multivessel disease with decreased morbidities and less cost compared with conventional coronary rtery bypass grafting(CABG), Repeated interventions due to restenosis even after successful angioplasty are the major disadvantage of the angioplsty especially when the lesion is located inthe left anterior descending artery(LAD) Recently CABG through left anterior small thoracotomy using the left internal thoracic artery to revascularize the LAD territory without cardiopulmonary bypass so called Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass(MIDCAB) was intrduced and performed with comparable early outcomes. In this regard the integrated approach with percutaneous coronary intervention and minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery so called 'Hybrid CABG' was suggested to be an effective treatment in suitable patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. We report three cases of Hybrid CABG.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.39-42
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• 1995

Surgical treatment options of symptomatic unilateral vocal fold paralysis are Teflon injection, type Ⅰ thyroplasty, and arytenoid adduction. Arytenoid adduction is preferable to type Ⅰ thyroplasty for correcting the level different that may be present between two vocal folds and the large glottal chink However there is no known therapeutic modality effective to correct the large posterior glottal chink of the vocal fold with relatively normal mobility. Recently we have experienced a case of severe large posterior glottal chink of the vocal 1314s with relatively normal mobility after thyroid lobectomy, successfully treated with type Ⅰ thyroplasty combined with arytenoid adduction.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.656-661
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• 2024

Evaluating the performance of a binary diagnostic test, including artificial intelligence classification algorithms, involves measuring sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Particularly when comparing the performance of two diagnostic tests applied on the same set of patients, these metrics are crucial for identifying the more accurate test. However, comparing predictive values presents statistical challenges because their denominators depend on the test outcomes, unlike the comparison of sensitivities and specificities. This paper reviews existing methods for comparing predictive values and proposes using the permutation test. The permutation test is an intuitive, non-parametric method suitable for datasets with small sample sizes. We demonstrate each method using a dataset from MRI and combined modality of mammography and ultrasound in diagnosing breast cancer.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.129-142
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• 1995

Purpose: Traditionally the patients with early stage non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the head and neck was treated with radiotherapy. But the results were not satisfactory due to distant relapse. Although combined treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy was tried with some improved results and chemotherapy alone was also tried in recent years, the choice of treatment for the patients with early stage non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the head and neck has not been defined Therefore, in order to determine the optimum treatment method, we analysed retrospectively the outcomes of the patients with Ann Arbor stage I and II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma localized to the head and neck who were treated at Severance Hospital. Materials and Methods: 159 patients with stage I and II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma localized to the head and neck were treated at our hospital from January, 1979 to December, 1992. Of these patients, 114 patients whose primary sites were Waldeyer's ring or nodal region, and received prescribed radiation dose and/or more than 2 cycles of chemotherapy. were selected to analyze the outcomes according to the treatment methods ( radiotherapy alone, chemotherapy alone. and combined treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy ). Results: Five year overall actuarial survival of the patients whose Primary site was Waldeyer's ring was $62.5\%.$ and that of the Patients whose primary site was nodal region was $53.8\%$ There was no statistically significant difference between survivals of both groups. Initial response rate to radiotherapy. chemotherapy, and combined treatment was $92\%,\;83\%,\;94\%$ respectively, and 5 year relapse free survival was $49.9\%,\;52.4\%,\;58.5\%$ respectively ( statistically not significant ). In the patients with stage I. 3 year relapse free survival of chemotherapy alone group was $75\%$ and superior to other treatment groups. In the Patients with stage II, combined treatment group revealed the best result with $60.1\%$ of 3 year relapse free survival. The effect of sequential schedule of each treatment method in the Patients who were treated by combined modality was analyzed and the sequence of primary chemotherapy + radiotherapy + maintenance chemotherapy showed the best result ( 3 year relapse free survival was $79.1\%).$ There was no significant survival difference between BACOP regimen and CHOP regimen. Response to treatment was only one significant (p(0.005) prognostic factor on univariate analysis and age and mass size was marginally significant ( p(0.1). On multivariate analysis, age (p=0.026) and mass size (p=0.013) were significant prognostic factor for the relapse free survival. Conclusion: In summary, the patients who have non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the head and neck with stage I and mass size smaller than 10 cm, can be treated by chemotherapy alone, but remainder should be treated by combined treatment method and the best combination schedule was the sequence of initial chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy and maintenance chemotherapy.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.98-111
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• 2008

This review introduces advances in clinical and pre-clinical single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) providing noninvasive functional images of biological processes. Development of new collimation techniques such as multi-pinhole and slit-slat collimators permits the improvement of system spatial resolution and sensitivity of SPECT. Application specific SPECT systems using smaller and compact solid-state detector have been customized for myocardial perfusion imaging with higher performance. Combined SPECT/CT providing improved diagnostic and functional capabilities has been introduced. Advances in PET and CT instrumentation have been incorporated in the PET/CT design that provide the metabolic information from PET superimposed on the anatomic information from CT. Improvements in the sensitivity of PET have achieved by the fully 3D acquisition with no septa and the extension of axial field-of-view. With the development of faster scintillation crystals and electronics, time-of-flight (TOF) PET is now commercially available allowing the increase in the signal-to-noise ratio by incorporation of TOF information into the PET reconstruction process. Hybrid PET/SPECT/CT systems has become commercially available for molecular imaging in small animal models. The pre-clinical systems have improved spatial resolution using depth-of-interaction measurement and new collimators. The recent works on solid state detector and dual modality nuclear medicine instrumentations incorporating MRI and optical imagers will also be discussed.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.174-180
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• 2022

Emotion recognition is an essential component of complete interaction between human and machine. The issues related to emotion recognition are a result of the different types of emotions expressed in several forms such as visual, sound, and physiological signal. Recent advancements in the field show that combined modalities, such as visual, voice and electroencephalography signals, lead to better result compared to the use of single modalities separately. Previous studies have explored the use of multiple modalities for accurate predictions of emotion; however the number of studies regarding real-time implementation is limited because of the difficulty in simultaneously implementing multiple modalities of emotion recognition. In this study, we proposed an emotion recognition system for real-time emotion recognition implementation. Our model was built with a multithreading block that enables the implementation of each modality using separate threads for continuous synchronization. First, we separately achieved emotion recognition for each modality before enabling the use of the multithreaded system. To verify the correctness of the results, we compared the performance accuracy of unimodal and multimodal emotion recognitions in real-time. The experimental results showed real-time user emotion recognition of the proposed model. In addition, the effectiveness of the multimodalities for emotion recognition was observed. Our multimodal model was able to obtain an accuracy of 80.1% as compared to the unimodality, which obtained accuracies of 70.9, 54.3, and 63.1%.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2005

Objectives: Malignant gliomas are often treated with cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), CDDP) and radiation but results remain unsatisfactory. Since malignant glioma displays moderate resistance to conventional therapy, a new treatment modality is needed to improve the outcome of patients with these tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the combined use of Jongjihwan(JJH) and cisplatin(CDDP) on cultured malignant glioma cells, A172. Methodss & Results: The combined use of cisplatin and Jeongjihwan had synergistic effects on Al72 cells during 24 hr-incubation, This treatment resulted in a decrease of cell viability, Which was revealed as apoptosis Characterized by activation of caspase-3 protease as well as cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) with change of mitochondria membrane potential transition. The expression of members of the Bcl-2 protein family was modulated during co-treatment with Jeongjihwan and cisplatin. Activation of caspase-3 and mitochondrial alterations were central to co-treatment with Jeongjihwan and cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Conclusions: We conclude that co-treatment with Jeongjihwan and cisplatin-induced activation of the mitochondrial pathway enables cell death. Also, we suggest the combined theory of JJH and cisplatin could be a useful method for glioblastoma.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.303-309
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• 1993

Between November 1983 and December 1992, 121 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were treated with radiotherapy alone or combined with chemotherapy in Inje University, Seoul Paik Hospital. Of these,97 patients were evaluable and analyzed retrospectively. Group 1 (n=62)was treated with radiotherapy alone and group 2 (n=35) combined with chemotherapy. There were 7 patients, 1 patient with stage I and II ,20 patients, 11 patients with stage IIIA,28 patients, 20 patients with stage IIIB, and 6 patients, 3 patients with stage IV, respectively. Ninety percent of patients received more than 5000 cGy of radiaton. Median survival of patients in group 1 was 9 months, group 2 was 15 months. Overall 2 year survival rates of group 1 and 2 were $37\%\;and\;27\%$, respectively. Relapse free survival rates at 2 year were $27\%\;and\;15\%$, respectively. Overall survival rates at 5 year for group 1 and 2 were $15\%\;and\;11\%$, and relapse free survival rates were $16\%\;and\;6\%,$ respectively. Median survival of complete and partial responders was 47 months in group 1,18 months in group 2, and those of stable or progression was 6 months,11 months, respectively. The proportion of locoregional relapse and distant metastasis was not significantly different between group 1 and 2. The majority of relapse developed within 2 years. Although 2 cases of severe esophagitis and myelosuppression were noted in group 2, the treatment related toxicity was relatively acceptable. Our analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the two treatment groups in terms of response rate, survival, and sites of relapse.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.404-416
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• 2017

Objective : Functional and neural tissue recovery has been reported in many animal studies conducted with stem cells. However, the combined effect of cytokines and stem cells has not yet been adequately researched. Here, we analyzed the additive effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) on adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) infusion in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Methods : Four days after intrathecal infusion tubes implantation in Sprague-Dawley rats, SCI was induced with an infinite horizon impactor. In the Sham group (n=5), phosphate-buffered saline was injected 3, 7, and 14 days after SCI. GCSF, ADSCs, and ADSCs with GCSF were injected at the same time in the GCSF (n=8), ADSC (n=8), and ADSC+GCSF groups (n=7), respectively. Results : The ADSC and ADSC+GCSF groups, but not the GCSF group, showed significantly higher Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scores than the Sham group during 8 weeks (p<0.01), but no significant difference between the ADSC and ADSC+GCSF groups. In the ladder rung test, all four groups were significantly different from each other, with the ADSC+GCSF group showing the best improvement (p<0.01). On immunofluorescent staining (GAP43, MAP2), western blotting (GAP43), and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (GAP43, nerve growth factor), the ADSC and ADSC+GCSF groups showed higher levels than the Sham and GCSF groups. Conclusion : Our analyses suggest that the combination of GCSF and ADSCs infusions in acute SCI in the rat does not have a significant additive effect. Hence, when combination agents for SCI stem cell therapy are considered, molecules other than GCSF, or modifications to the methodology, should be investigated.