• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.526-537
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• 1999

In the paper. we propose an evaluation model based the adaptive fuzzy systems, which can transform the physical features of a color pattern to the emotional features. The model is motivated by the Soen's psychological experiments, in which he found the physical features such as average hue, saturation, intensity and the dynamic components of the color patterns affects to the emotional features represented by a pair of adjective words having the opposite meanings. Our proposed model consists of two adaptive fuzzy rule-bases and the y-model, a l i r ~ r ys et operator, to fuze the evaluation values produced by them. The model shows con~parablep erformances to the neural network for the approximation of the nonlinear transforms, and it has the advantage to obtain the linbwistic interpretation from the trained results. We believe the evaluated results of a color pattern can be used to the emotion-based color image retrievals.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.7
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• pp.90-98
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• 2006

Digital watermarking is a technique embedding hidden information into multimedia data imperceptibly such as images and sounds. Generally an original image is transformed and coded watermark data is embedded in frequency domain watermarking models. In this paper, We propose a new color image watermarking technique using Fresnel transform. A watermark image is Fresnel - transformed and the intensity of transformed pattern is embedded into color image. In our watermarking model, an original image is converted from RGB components into YCrCb components and then the values of real number and imaginary number of a Fresnel-transformed pattern of a watermark image are embedded into Y component. The watermarking experiments were conducted to show the validity of the proposed method using PSNR value, and the results show that our method has the robustness against lossy compression like JPEG.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

This paper presents a procedure to extract lane line models using a set of proposed methods. Firstly, an image warping method based on homography is proposed to transform a target image into an image which is efficient to find lane pixels within a certain region in the image. Secondly, a method to use the combination of the results of edge detection and HSL (Hue, Saturation, and Lightness) transform is proposed to detect lane candidate pixels with reliability. Thirdly, erroneous candidate lane pixels are eliminated using a selection area method. Fourthly, a method to fit lane pixels to quadratic polynomials is proposed. In order to test the validity of the proposed procedure, a set of black-box images captured under varying illumination and noise conditions were used. The experimental results show that the proposed procedure could overcome the problems of color-only and edge-only based methods and extract lane pixels and model the lane line geometry effectively within less than 0.6 seconds per frame under a low-cost computing environment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.216-222
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• 2008

This paper proposed the multi characters detection algorithm using Color segmentation and the closing curve feature of LoG Operator in order to complement the demerit of the existing research which is weak in complexity of background, variety of light and disordered line and similarity of left and background color, etc. The proposed multi characters detection algorithm divided into three parts : The feature detection, characters format and characters detection Parts in order to be possible to apply to image of various feature. After preprocess that the new multi characters detection algorithm that proposed in this paper used wavelet, morphology, hough transform which is the synthesis logical model in order to raise detection rate by acquiring the non-perfection characters as well as the perfection characters with processing OR operation after processing each color area by AND operation sequentially. And the proposal algorithm is simulated with natural images which include natural character area regardless of size, resolution and slant and so on of image. And the proposal algorithm in this paper is confirmed to an excellent detection rate by compared with the conventional detection algorithm in same image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.455-463
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• 2008

The shadows, which is generated when acquiring data using optical sensor, mutilates consistency of brightness for same objects in the images. Hence, it makes a trouble to interpret the ground information. This study is focused on detecting the shadowing area in the images. And only single image is used without any other data which is acquired from different source. Also, This study presents the method using HSI color model, especially, using I(intensity) information, and the intensity clustering algorithm. Then, we illuminate the effects of shadow by FFT(Fast Fourier Transform).

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.43 no.3 s.309
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• pp.67-75
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• 2006

Facial expressions exhibit not only facial feature motions, but also subtle changes in illumination and appearance. Since it is difficult to generate realistic facial expressions by using only geometric deformations, detailed features such as textures should also be deformed to achieve more realistic expression. The existing methods such as the expression ratio image have drawbacks, in that detailed changes of complexion by lighting can not be generated properly. In this paper, we propose a nonlinear model for skin color change and a model-based synthesis method for facial expression that can apply realistic expression details under different lighting conditions. The proposed method is composed of the following three steps; automatic extraction of facial features using active appearance model and geometric deformation of expression using warping, generation of facial expression using a model for nonlinear skin color change, and synthesis of original face with generated expression using a blending ratio that is computed by the Euclidean distance transform. Experimental results show that the proposed method generate realistic facial expressions under various lighting conditions.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.33-45
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• 2011

In this paper, we present a method for extracting video objects efficiently by using the modified graph cut algorithm based on contour information. First, we extract objects at the first frame by an automatic object extraction algorithm or the user interaction. To estimate the objects' contours at the current frame, motion information of objects' contour in the previous frame is analyzed. Block-based histogram back-projection is conducted along the estimated contour point. Each color model of objects and background can be generated from back-projection images. The probabilities of links between neighboring pixels are decided by the logarithmic based distance transform map obtained from the estimated contour image. Energy of the graph is defined by predefined color models and logarithmic distance transform map. Finally, the object is extracted by minimizing the energy. Experimental results of various test images show that our algorithm works more accurately than other methods.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.130-139
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• 2011

In this paper, vehicle tracking algorithm using hue transformation in HIS color model is proposed. the proposed algorithm is installed on the road of the two horizontal virtual data sampling lines. The difference images are detected between the frame and the frame, respectively and also detected in the vehicle by using the hue color distribution to determine identity and lane changes. To examine the effectiveness of proposed algorithm, identification and velocity measurement for driving vehicle are evaluated. this evaluated results is shown by hue data of vehicle passing of two virtual data sample lines, and the velocity measurement for driving vehicle is less than 0.4% comparing with existing vehicle speed meter system.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.281-289
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• 2013

The iCAM06 has been used as an image appearance model for HDR image rendering. The iCAM06 goes through the color space conversions and scale conversions of the several steps to present HDR images. The dynamic range of an HDR image needs to be mapped on the range of output devices, which is called the tone mapping. However, tone compression process of the iCAM06 causes color distortion because of color-clipping and cross-stimulus. Therefore, we proposed that a color correction method in IPT space which compensates the color distortion in tone compression process. Through the experimental results, we conformed that proposed color correction method had better performance than the iCAM06 and enhanced models.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.434-442
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• 2006

This paper proposes a color-matching 3D look-up table that simplifies the complex color-matching procedure between a monitor and a mobile display device, where the image colors are processed in a device-independent color space, such as CIEXYZ or CIELAB, and gamut mapping performed to compensate the gamut difference. The transform from a device-dependent RGB color space to a device-independent color space is implemented by performing display characterization. The mobile LCD characterization error using the S-curve model is larger than the tolerance error since the mobile LCD has the channel-chromaticity-inconstancy and channel-dependence characteristics. In this paper we reduced the characterization error using the electro-optical transfer functions of X, Y, and Z value for R, G, B, C, M, Y, K components. Experimental results demonstrated that 64 ($4{\times}4{\times}4$) was the smallest size of color-matching look-up table that could produce an image with an acceptable reproduction error, based on a comparison of color-matched images resulting from the proposed color-matching look-up table and complex step-by-step color-matching procedures.