• 제목/요약/키워드: Cognitive style

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딥러닝 기반 온라인 리뷰의 언어학적 특성을 활용한 추천 시스템 성능 향상에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Enhancing Recommendation Performance Using the Linguistic Factor of Online Review based on Deep Learning Technique)

  • 장동수;이청용;김재경
    • 지능정보연구
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.41-63
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    • 2023
  • 전자상거래 시장의 꾸준한 성장으로 인해 추천 시스템의 필요성은 점차 강조되고 있으며, 최근에는 추천 성능의 향상을 목적으로 리뷰 텍스트를 사용하는 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 특히 많은 연구들은 리뷰 텍스트의 감성 점수를 활용하여 제안되고 있는데, 감성 점수만을 사용하는 방법론은 리뷰 텍스트에 존재하는 구체적인 선호도 정보의 활용 측면에 한계를 가지며 이는 결과적으로 성능 향상에 제약으로 작용하게 된다. 이를 개선하기 위해 본 연구는 딥러닝 기반 추천 모델에 온라인 리뷰 내 다양한 언어학적 요소들을 활용하여 고객의 선호도를 정교하게 학습할 수 있는 새로운 추천 방법론을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 고객과 상품 간 복잡한 상호작용을 고려할 수 있도록 딥러닝 모델을 통해 상호작용 관계를 비선형으로 학습하였다. 그리고 리뷰 텍스트를 효과적으로 활용할 수 있도록 언어학적 요소 중 고객의 구매 의사결정에 중요한 영향을 미치는 인지적 요인, 정서적 요인 그리고 언어 스타일 매칭을 사용하였다. 실험은 Amazon.com에서 수집한 온라인 리뷰 데이터를 사용하여 진행하였고, 실험 결과 제안 모델의 우수함을 검증할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 추천 시스템에서 리뷰 텍스트 내 고객 선호도에 대한 정보를 효과적으로 활용하는 방법론을 제안하여 연구의 이론적 및 방법론 측면에 기여하였다.

서래마을의 장소 정체성에 대한 연구 - 프랑스인 주민과 방문자의 인식 비교를 중심으로 - (A Study on Place Identity in Seo-Rae Village - Focusing on Comparison of Sense of Place between Inhabitants and Visitors -)

  • 한성미;임승빈;엄붕훈
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제37권4호
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    • pp.32-41
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    • 2009
  • 최근 공공미술을 중심으로 하는 장소 만들기를 비롯한 경관계획의 증가와 함께, 도시의 사회 문화적 변화와 그 특성을 배경으로 한 외국인 마을, 도심 속 명소의 등장과 같은 다양한 장소들이 생성되고 있으며, 그에 따른 장소 마케팅 또한 대두되고 있다. 이러한 추세는 장소성에 대한 고찰이 결여된 장소의 창조와 장소마케팅으로 인해 획일화, 상업화된 장소의 확산을 유발할 수 있으며, 따라서 환경계획 설계 분야에서의 장소성에 대한 이해와 심층적인 연구가 선행되어야 하는 필요성이 더욱 강조되고 있다. 본 연구는 장소성 연구의 일환으로, 국내 프랑스인의 40% 이상이 거주하고 있고 서울시의 명소로 시민들이 방문하고 있는 서래마을을 대상으로 주민과 방문자의 장소성 지각의 차이와 장소적 현상을 통해 장소성 형성요인과 장소 정체성을 연구하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 서래마을은 프랑스인 주민의 주거 및 교육환경의 필요에 의해 형성된 장소로서, 이에 부합하는 활동과 의미의 범위에 한정되는 내부성을 형성하고 있다. 또한, 서래마을의 물리적 환경은 프랑스적 요소의 진정성이 결여된 형태로써, 이는 주민의 소극적 활동으로 연결되고 있다. 둘째, 방문자의 경우에는 프랑스 마을이라는 상징적 의미가 우세하게 작용하고 그에 따른 활동 및 의미에 결정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 외부환경의 프랑스적 요소의 진정성 여부는 이러한 외부성을 형성하는데 영향을 미치지 않았다. 셋째, 방문자의 활동 및 장소에 대한 의미부여는 한국인으로 형성된 상권의 활성화에 의해 형성되었으며, 이러한 장소의 상업화 및 활동의 확대는 서래마을의 내부성보다 우세하게 작용하여, 내부성과 외부성의 역전현상을 나타내고 있다. 넷째, 서래마을은 내부의 경험이 아닌, 방문자의 기호를 중심으로 이루어진 장소로써, 프랑스적 상징성을 활용하여 이루어진 대중적 정체성으로 해석된다. 다섯째, 프랑스인의 거주목적으로 이루어진 내부성은 진정성이 결여된 프랑스적 기호를 매개로 한 가공된 장소성으로 재생산 되었으며, 이는 장소의 본질적 측면 보다는 과장되고 상업화된 장소로서 피상적인 가면성을 나타내고 있다.

대학생의 건강증진 생활양식과 관련요인 연구 (A Study on Influencing Factors in Health Promoting Lifestyles of College Students)

  • 박미영
    • 지역사회간호학회지
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.81-96
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    • 1994
  • The primary purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting health promoting lifestyles of college students on the basis of Pender's Health Promotion Model. The subjects were 1,159 students of one university in Seoul. These data were collected by self reporting questionnaire from April 19 to May 3, 1993. This study examined health promoting lifestyles, cognitive-percep-tual factors: perceived health status, perceived importance of health, health locus of control, and health conception, and modifying factors: sex, grade, major, residence type, and attendance at a health care course. The instruments used in this study were Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile by Walker et al. (1987), Health Value Scale by Wallston et al. (1976), Health Locus of Control by Wallston et al. (1978), and Health Conception Scale by Laffrey(1986). The data were analyzed by Cronbach's $\alpha$, mean, standard deviation, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, and Stepwise Multiple Regression with SPSS PC+ Program. The results were as follows : 1. The means of health promoting lifestyles revealed total 3.33, self actualization 3.74, health responsibility 2.72, exercise 2.80, nutrition 3.55, interpersonal surpport 3.76, and stress management 2.96. Interpersonal support showed the highest score and health responsibility showed the lowest score. 2. No significant differences between sex, grade, major, and residence type, and health promoting lifestyles Were founded(p>.05). Attendants at a health care course showed a significant higher score than nonattendants (p<.001). Male showed a significant higher score in exercise subscale, female showed significant higher scores in health responsibility, nutrition, interpersonal support, stress management subscales(p<.001), residence type showed a significant difference in nutrition subscale(p<.001). 3. No significant differences between perceived health status and sex, grade, major, residence type, and attendance at a health care course were founded(p>.05). Perceived importance of health showed no differences among sex, grade, major, and residence type(p>.05), showed only in attendance at a health care course (p<.001). Attendants at a health care course showed a significant higher score than nonattendants(p<.001). No significant differences between health conception and sex, grade, major, and residence type were founded (p>.05), only significant difference between health conception and attendance at a health care course was founded(p<.05). Nonattendants showed a significant higher score in clinical health conception, attendants showed a significant higher score in wellbeing health conception(p<.05). 4. A significant positive correlation between health promoting lifestyles and perceived health status was founded(r=.2415, p<.001). A significant positive correlation between health promoting lifestyles and perceived importance of health was founded (r=.1475, p<.001). The health promoting lifestyles revealed significant positive correlations in internal and powerful others locus of control (r=.3187, p<.001: r=.1475, p<.001), but revealed a significant negative correlation in chance locus of control(r=-.997, p<.001). A significant positive correlation between health promoting lifestyles and clinical health conception and wellbeing health conception were founded (r=.1241, p<.001 : r=.3047, p<.001). 5. Perceived health status was the highest factor predicting health promoting lifestyles of college students(R=.3415, $R^2=11.62$). Perceived health' status, perceived improtance of health, internal locus of control, wellbeing health conception, powerful others locus of control accounted for 28.19% in health promoting lifestyle patterns. In conclusion, college students who reported more helath promoting lifestyles evaluated their health positively, perceived importance of health highly, perceived their health as affected by theirselves, powerful others but not by chance or luck, and accepted health as high level wellness rather than merely the absence of illness. Those who attending at a health care course had healthier lifestyle patterns. And attendance at a health care course had significant. correlations in these cognitive-perceptual factors. Further studies are required to identify reasons of attending a health care course, and to compare health promoting lifestyles pre-post attending a course related to health care.

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소셜 미디어에서 정보공유를 위한 애착의 매개역할: 사회적 자본이론 관점 (Mediating Roles of Attachment for Information Sharing in Social Media: Social Capital Theory Perspective)

  • 정남호;한희정;구철모
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.101-123
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    • 2012
  • Currently, Social Media, it has widely a renown keyword and its related social trends and businesses have been fastly applied into various contexts. Social media has become an important research area for scholars interested in online technologies and cyber space and their social impacts. Social media is not only including web-based services but also mobile-based application services that allow people to share various style information and knowledge through online connection. Social media users have tendency to common identity- and bond-attachment through interactions such as 'thumbs up', 'reply note', 'forwarding', which may have driven from various factors and may result in delivering information, sharing knowledge, and specific experiences et al. Even further, almost of all social media sites provide and connect unknown strangers depending on shared interests, political views, or enjoyable activities, and other stuffs incorporating the creation of contents, which provides benefits to users. As fast developing digital devices including smartphone, tablet PC, internet based blogging, and photo and video clips, scholars desperately have began to study regarding diverse issues connecting human beings' motivations and the behavioral results which may be articulated by the format of antecedents as well as consequences related to contents that people create via social media. Social media such as Facebook, Twitter, or Cyworld users are more and more getting close each other and build up their relationships by a different style. In this sense, people use social media as tools for maintain pre-existing network, creating new people socially, and at the same time, explicitly find some business opportunities using personal and unlimited public networks. In terms of theory in explaining this phenomenon, social capital is a concept that describes the benefits one receives from one's relationship with others. Thereby, social media use is closely related to the form and connected of people, which is a bridge that can be able to achieve informational benefits of a heterogeneous network of people and common identity- and bonding-attachment which emphasizes emotional benefits from community members or friend group. Social capital would be resources accumulated through the relationships among people, which can be considered as an investment in social relations with expected returns and may achieve benefits from the greater access to and use of resources embedded in social networks. Social media using for their social capital has vastly been adopted in a cyber world, however, there has been little explaining the phenomenon theoretically how people may take advantages or opportunities through interaction among people, why people may interactively give willingness to help or their answers. The individual consciously express themselves in an online space, so called, common identity- or bonding-attachments. Common-identity attachment is the focus of the weak ties, which are loose connections between individuals who may provide useful information or new perspectives for one another but typically not emotional support, whereas common-bonding attachment is explained that between individuals in tightly-knit, emotionally close relationship such as family and close friends. The common identify- and bonding-attachment are mainly studying on-offline setting, which individual convey an impression to others that are expressed to own interest to others. Thus, individuals expect to meet other people and are trying to behave self-presentation engaging in opposite partners accordingly. As developing social media, individuals are motivated to disclose self-disclosures of open and honest using diverse cues such as verbal and nonverbal and pictorial and video files to their friends as well as passing strangers. Social media context, common identity- and bond-attachment for self-presentation seems different compared with face-to-face context. In the realm of social media, social users look for self-impression by posting text messages, pictures, video files. Under the digital environments, people interact to work, shop, learn, entertain, and be played. Social media provides increasingly the kinds of intention and behavior in online. Typically, identity and bond social capital through self-presentation is the intentional and tangible component of identity. At social media, people try to engage in others via a desired impression, which can maintain through performing coherent and complementary communications including displaying signs, symbols, brands made of digital stuffs(information, interest, pictures, etc,). In marketing area, consumers traditionally show common-identity as they select clothes, hairstyles, automobiles, logos, and so on, to impress others in any given context in a shopping mall or opera. To examine these social capital and attachment, we combined a social capital theory with an attachment theory into our research model. Our research model focuses on the common identity- and bond-attachment how they are formulated through social capitals: cognitive capital, structural capital, relational capital, and individual characteristics. Thus, we examined that individual online kindness, self-rated expertise, and social relation influence to build common identity- and bond-attachment, and the attachment effects make an impact on both the willingness to help, however, common bond seems not to show directly impact on information sharing. As a result, we discover that the social capital and attachment theories are mainly applicable to the context of social media and usage in the individual networks. We collected sample data of 256 who are using social media such as Facebook, Twitter, and Cyworld and analyzed the suggested hypotheses through the Structural Equation Model by AMOS. This study analyzes the direct and indirect relationship between the social network service usage and outcomes. Antecedents of kindness, confidence of knowledge, social relations are significantly affected to the mediators common identity-and bond attachments, however, interestingly, network externality does not impact, which we assumed that a size of network was a negative because group members would not significantly contribute if the members do not intend to actively interact with each other. The mediating variables had a positive effect on toward willingness to help. Further, common identity attachment has stronger significant on shared information.

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중년후기 여성의 건강증진행위 모형구축 (A Model for Health Promoting Behaviors in Late-middle Aged Woman)

  • 박재순
    • 여성건강간호학회지
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.298-331
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    • 1996
  • Recent improvements in living standard and development in medical care led to an increased interest in life expectancy and personal health, and also led to a more demand for higher quality of life. Thus, the problem of women's health draw a fresh interest nowadays. Since late-middle aged women experience various physical and socio-psychological changes and tend to have chronic illnesses, these women have to take initiatives for their health control by realizing their own responsibility. The basic elements for a healthy life of these women are understanding of their physical and psychological changes and acceptance of these changes. Health promoting behaviors of an individual or a group are actions toward increasing the level of well-being and self-actualization, and are affected by various variables. In Pender's health promoting model, variables are categorized into cognitive factors(individual perceptions), modifying factors, and variables affecting the likelihood for actions, and the model assumes the health promoting behaviors are affected by cognitive factors which are again affected by demographic factors. Since Pender's model was proposed based on a tool broad conceptual frame, many studies done afterwards have included only a limited number of variables of Pender's model. Furthermore, Pender's model did not precisely explain the possibilities of direct and indirect paths effects. The objectives of this study are to evaluate Pender's model and thus propose a model that explains health promoting behaviors among late-middle aged women in order to facilitate nursing intervention for this group of population. The hypothetical model was developed based on the Pender's health promoting model and the findings from past studies on women's health. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from 417 women living in Seoul, between July and November 1994. Questionnaires were developed based on instruments of Walker and others' health promotion lifestyle profile, Wallston and others' multidimensional health locus of control, Maoz's menopausal symptom check list and Speake and others' health self-rating scale. IN addition, items measuring self-efficacy were made by the present author based on past studies. In a pretest, the questionnaire items were reliable with Cronbach's alpha ranging from .786 to .934. The models for health promoting behaviors were tested by using structural equation modelling technique with LISREL 7.20. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was good (chi-square=4.42, df=5, p=.490, GFI=.995, AGFI=.962, RMSR=.024). 2. Paths of the model were modified by considering both its theoretical implication and statistical significance of the parameter estimates. Compared to the hypothetical model, the revised model has become parsimonious and had a better fit to the data (chi-square =4.55, df=6, p=.602, GFI=.995, AGFI=.967, RMSR=.024). 3. The results of statistical testing were as follows : 1) Family function internal health locus of control, self-efficacy, and education level exerted significant effects on health promoting behaviors(${\gamma}_{43}$=.272, T=3.714; ${\beta}_[41}$=.211, T=2.797; ${\beta}_{42}$=.199, T=2.717; ${\gamma}_{41}$=.136, T=1.986). The effect of economic status, physical menopausal symptoms, and perceived health status on health promoting behavior were insignificant(${\gamma}_{42}$=.095, T=1.456; ${\gamma}_{44}$=.101, T=1.143; ${\gamma}_{43}$=.082, T=.967). 2) Family function had a significance direct effect on internal health locus of control (${\gamma}_{13}$=.307, T=3.784). The direct effect of education level on internal health locus of control was insignificant(${\gamma}_{11}$=-.006, T=-.081). 3) The directs effects of family functions & internal health locus of control on self-efficacy were significant(${\gamma}_{23}$=.208, T=2.607; ${\beta}_{21}$=.191, T=2.2693). But education level and economic status did not exert a significant effect on self-efficacy(${\gamma}_{21}$=.137, T=1.814; ${\beta}_{22}$=.137, T=1.814; ${\gamma}_{22}$=.112, T=1.499). 4) Education level had a direct and positive effect on perceived health status, but physical menopausal symptoms had a negative effect on perceived health status and these effects were all significant(${\gamma}_{31}$=.171, T=2.496; ${\gamma}_{34}$=.524, T=-7.120). Internal health locus and self-efficacy had an insignificant direct effect on perceived health status(${\beta}_{31}$=.028, T=.363; ${\beta}_{32}$=.041, T=.557). 5) All predictive variables of health promoting behaviors explained 51.8% of the total variance in the model. The above findings show that health promoting behaviors are explained by personal, environmental and perceptual factors : family function, internal health locus of control, self-efficacy, and education level had stronger effects on health promoting behaviors than predictors in the model. A significant effect of family function on health promoting behaviors reflects an important role of the Korean late-middle aged women in family relationships. Therefore, health professionals first need to have a proper evaluation of family function in order to reflect the family function style into nursing interventions and development of strategies. These interventions and strategies will enhance internal health locus of control and self-efficacy for promoting health behaviors. Possible strategies include management of health promoting programs, use of a health information booklets, and individual health counseling, which will enhance internal health locus of control and self-efficacy of the late-middle aged women by making them aware of health responsibilities and value for oneself. In this study, an insignificant effect of physical menopausal symptoms and perceived health status on health promoting behaviors implies that they are not motive factors for health promoting behaviors. Further analytic researches are required to clarify the influence of physical menopausal symptoms and perceived health status on health promoting behaviors with-middle aged women.

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안면 홍조 증상을 수반한 중년 우울증 여성의 특성 (Characteristics of Middle Aged Depressed Women with Hot Flushes)

  • 송민재;조숙행;정현강
    • 정신신체의학
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.176-184
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    • 2017
  • 연구목적 중년 우울증 여성은 안면 홍조 증상을 자주 경험한다. 우울증과 안면 홍조 간의 연관성은 아직 명확하지 않다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 안면 홍조가 있는 우울증 여성과 안면 홍조가 없는 우울증 여성을 대상으로 호르몬 농도, 기능적 신체 증상, 폐경에 대한 태도 및 스트레스대처 방식을 비교하여 그 특성에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 안면 홍조가 있는 우울증 여성 33명과 안면 홍조가 없는 우울증 여성 33명이 연구에 참여하였다. 안면 홍조 증상은 일주일에 걸쳐 전향적으로 일일 증상 척도를 통해 확인하였다. 연구 대상자의 스트레스 대처 방식은 스트레스 대처 방식 설문지를 통해 평가하였다. 신체 증상은 환자 건강 설문지(Patient Health Questionnaire-15, PHQ-15)로 평가하였다. 성 호르몬 농도는 방사성면역분석법으로 측정하였다. 간편 세계보건기구 삶의 질 평가도구(Brief World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument, WHOQOL-BREF)를 이용하여 삶의 질을 평가하였다. 결 과 스트레스 대처 방식에 있어서, 안면 홍조가 있는 우울증 여성이 문제-중심의 대처 방식과($13.15{\pm}3.17$) 사회적 지지에 대한 탐색($11.83{\pm}2.84$) 항목이 안면 홍조 증상이 없는 우울증 여성에 비해 적었다(각각 $15.17{\pm}3.1$, p=0.028 ; $14.25{\pm}3.22$, p=0.009). 안면 홍조가 있는 우울증 여성이 폐경 후에 대하여 상대적으로 부정적 태도를 보였으나, 통계적 유의성은 근사치로 불충분하였다(p=0.059). 본 연구에서는 PHQ-15로 평가한 신체 증상과 성호르몬 농도에서 두 군 간의 차이를 발견하지 못 하였다. WHOQOL-BREF에 따른 사회적 대인 관계의 점수는 안면 홍조가 없는 군보다($9.71{\pm}1.65$ ; p=0.044) 안면 홍조가 있는 군에서($8.62{\pm}2.04$) 유의하게 낮았다. 결 론 우울증이 있는 중년 여성에서, 안면 홍조 증상은 스트레스에 대한 대처 방식의 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 우울증 여성에서 안면 홍조 증상은 삶의 질에 부정적 영향을 주므로, 임상가는 안면 홍조가 있는 우울증 환자에서 적극적으로 안면 홍조에 대하여 치료적인 접근을 해야 할 것이다. 항우울제 혹은 소량의 호르몬 치료에 반응이 없는 우울증 환자에서, 인지 행동 치료 또는 스트레스 관리가 효과적일 수 있겠다. 추후 안면 홍조 및 우울증과 관련된 위험 요인에 대한 인과 관계를 명확하게 하기 위해서는 객관적인 방법을 통한 종적 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

기독교교육학 저서의 자전적 글쓰기에 나타난 기독교교육학자의 정체성 연구: 파머, 해리스, 무어를 중심으로 (The Study of the Identity of Christian Educators in Autobiographical Writing of Christian Educational Books: Focusing on the books of Palmer, Harris, and Moore.)

  • 김은주
    • 기독교교육논총
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    • 제68권
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    • pp.345-374
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    • 2021
  • 이 논문은 기독교교육학 저서에 나타난 자전적 글쓰기가 기독교교육학자의 정체성을 발견하는데 중요한 통로가 됨을 연구한 논문이다. 기독교교육학자의 정체성은 기독교교육학 이론연구의 배경이자 토대가 된다. 학자의 정체성은 객관주의적이고 인지주의적인 한계를 지닌 논증적인 글보다 저자가 직접 경험한 일인칭 시점의 자전적 글쓰기에 잘 나타나고 있음을 연구를 통해 발견하였다. 연구는 자전적 글쓰기의 개념과 특징, 자전적 글쓰기와 자아정체성, 자전적 글쓰기와 기독교교육의 관계성을 살펴보고, 기독교교육학자들의 저서 속에서 자전적인 글쓰기가 어떻게 그들의 정체성을 드러내고 있는지를 관찰하였다. 마리아 해리스의 『가르침과 종교적 상상력』, 파커 파머의 『가르칠 수 있는 용기』, 엘리자베스 무어의 『Teaching as a Sacramental Act』에 나타난 자전적 글쓰기는 기독교교육학자의 정체성이 학습자의 정체성과 어떻게 만나고, 변형되고 확장되는지를 보여주고 있다. 연구를 통해 자전적 글쓰기가 이야기의 형식을 띠지만 이야기와 구별되는 이야기로서 저자와 독자의 정체성이 만나는 장이 되고, 장아정체성의 형성과 변형을 일으키는 정체성 씨름의 장이 되며, 나의 이야기가 우리의 이야기가 되는 정체성 확장의 자리가 됨을 확인하였다. 자전적 글쓰기는 저자가 일인칭시점으로 현재의 시점에서 과거를 돌아보며 자아정체성을 형성하는 과정과 불가분리의 관계이다. 이런 특징은 자아정체성 형성과 변형에 중점을 두는 기독교교육학의 목표와도 연결된다. 해리스, 파머, 무어의 글 속에 나타난 자전적 글쓰기는 학자들의 신학적 입장과 교육에 대한 견해를 포함한 교사로서의 정체성을 잘 보여주고 있다. 자전적 글쓰기는 그간의 기독교육학저서 글쓰기가 논증적이고 객관적인 글쓰기에 치중하여 독자에게 괴리감과 단절감을 주는 한계를 극복할 수 있게 할 뿐 아니라 저자의 내면 이야기를 통해 독자로 하여금 공감을 불러일으키는 이야기로 초청할 수 있다. 자전적 글쓰기가 포함된 기독교교육학저서는 독자들로 하여금 기독교인으로서의 정체성을 더 근본적으로 변형시키는데 도움을 줄 것이다.