• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1025-1031
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• 2008

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) exerts several beneficial effects on depression, chronic diseases, and cognitive impairments. Bifidobactrium bifidum BGN4 reportedly produces higher amounts of SAM than any other lactic acid bacterium used in yogurt. The aim of this study was to develop a SAM-reinforced probiotic yogurt using Bifidobacterium. The sensory aspects of the yogurt via response surface methodology (RSM) and the texture and SAM content of the yogurt were assessed. Based on the sensory assessments for sweetness, sourness, and thickness evaluated by 48 panelists, the optimized conditions for preparation of SAM-reinforced yogurt were 4.0-4.4%(w/w) sugar, 3.2-3.5%(w/w) skim milk, and a pH of 4.7-4.8. The SAM content of the developed yogurt was 0.05 nmol/mL. In conclusion, SAM-reinforced probiotic yogurt may provide a vehicle for the potential exploitation of the benefits of increased dietary SAM.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2017

Sleep deprivation is an extremely common event in today's society. It has caused learning cognitive skill deterioration and poor concentration, increased disease such as heart disease, diabetes and obesity, sexual function decrease, infertility increase, depression and autonomic nervous system disorder. Sleep deprivation-induced stress caused NADPH oxidase and oxidative stress. And this oxidative stress induces apoptosis. Lilii bulbus and Nelumbins semen are known to mental and physical relaxation effects. In this study, we induced sleep deprivation(SD) in Sprague-Dawley rats in water for 5 days and thereafter administered orally L. bulbus and N. semen for 5 days. Brain tissues were observed by histochemical, immunohistochemical and tunel staining. The immunoreactives of Tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$, Neuronal nitric oxide synthases, Phospho-SAPK/JNK and gp91-phox of the L. bulbus administered group and N. semen administered group were weaker than those of sleep deprivation group. In the L. bulbus administered group and N. semen administered group, apoptosis was decreased than that of sleep deprivation group. Proapoptotic p53, Bax, Cleaved caspase 3 immunoreactives of the administered group were weaker than those of sleep deprivation group, whereas anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 immunoreactity was stronger in the L. bulbus administered group and N. semen administered group. Antioxidant mechanism such as DJ-1, superoxide dismutase 1, Nuclear factor-like 2 immunoreactives of the L. bulbus and N. semen administered group were stronger than those of sleep deprivation group. These results demonstrate that L. bulbus, N. semen had the neuroprotective effects on the sleep deprivation-induced oxidative stress in the hippocampus.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.826-835
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• 2002

Health perception is a very important issue for student nurses to be future health professionals. The concept of health has changed with the emphasis of 'health promotion', and thus nurses now have a demanded role as a health promoter. According to health promotion theories, health-promoting behaviors are affected by cognitive variables, and human behaviors are related to thoughts and perception. This study was conducted to recognize the relationships of attitude toward health behaviors to other health related variables. The data was collected using a self administered survey. The instrument used in this study was attitude of health behavior scales that were developed by Okayama medical school. The subjects were 512 student nurses recruited from 1 college and 3 universities. The data was analyzed using SPSS pc program with mean, correlation. and multiple regression technique. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of attitude of health behaviors of the student nurses was 8.11, showing a relatively high level. A high score of health belief was reported in 'self-responsible type' with the score of 4.80, and a high score of 'think for health or disease' was reported in passive type with the score of 3.12. 2. Specifically, there were significant positive correlations between the level of 'attitude of health behaviors' and other health related variables such as health perception, think for health or disease, and age. 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that active thought, leisure, self-responsible perception and depression accounted for 13%of variance of attitude toward health behaviors. In conclusion, although student nurses certainly perceived the performance of health behavior, they need to learn in more systematical way in order to be a better health promoter, one of the role of nurses. The results of the study suggest that further studies need to be done on attitude toward health behaviors and performance of health behavior by student nurses.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.186-196
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• 2015

This research comprehended the fundamental cause of elderly nursing home residents' negative feelings of loneliness, depression, fear, and loss of self-usefulness as existential issue, since they already went through loss, death of loved ones, geriatric disease and disability. The purpose of this research is to explore how existentialism and existential psychotherapy theory of Irvin D. Yalom can be applied to nursing home environment design, and to suggest design directions. Based on his framework of human's ultimate interest, death, freedom followed by responsibility, isolation, and meaninglessness, interior design suggestions and applicable spaces were presented. Four cases from Australia, Denmark, Japan and Korea were analyzed according to design suggestions to grasp the current situation and to draw further proposition. The conclusions are as follows. (1)Environment should support nursing home residents to resolve existential issues. (2)Death is the least supported issue on all of the cases. Environmental elements that can induce residents to think and discuss on death, hospice program and space for memorial service is necessary. (3)Regarding to freedom, the environment should support resident's disability to maintain independence as much as possible and residents autonomy and decision should be respected. Single/double rooms, motorized bed, free and safe usage of kitchen and garden are necessary. (4)For isolation, Space and time for meditation should be provided. (5)To find meaning of life, environment should support residents in both physical and cognitive aspect so that they can contribute to others. Space for hobby is necessary for continued creativity and self-realization.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.157-162
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• 2018

The partial molar volumes of an antidepressant in Halobacteriun Halobium and in suspensions of several lipids have been determined at $25^{\circ}C$ it using a excess volume dilatometer. The potency of general antidepressant, Fluoxetine has long been known to correlate with lipid solubility. Denaturations of the vesicle, which is a sole membrane protein in the purple membrane of Halobacteriun Halobium, were studied by absorption changes at 280 nm and fluorescence changes at 330 nm with excess volume dilatometer. The 1H NMR analysis of viscous polymer solutions by diffusion interchange is the important step by measurement. The partial molar volume and particle size of Fluoxetine in Halobacteriun Halobium were measured to be positive. An antidepressant can prevent diseases that produce a variety of cognitive and mental symptoms based on low morale and depression, resulting in poor daily performance.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.558-568
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing insufficient physical activity in older cancer patients. Data were analyzed from the 2014 Survey of Living Condition of Elderly study. Metabolic Equivalent Tasks(MET) hours were calculated using self-reported weekly frequency, duration and types of physical activities to measure the degree of physical activity. Factors influencing insufficient physical activity in older adults included limitations in ADL and IADL, depression, impaired cognitive function, current smoker, lower levels of social activity participation and life satisfaction with social or leisure activities. When adjusted for demographic factors, patients with ADL limitation had 2.8 times (OR=2.762, CI=1.110, 7.952) higher risks of insufficient physical activities than those without. Current smokers had 2.4 times (OR=2.426, CI=1.113, 5.288) higher risks than non-smokers.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the published research in the Journal of Muscle and Joint Health and to suggest the future perspectives. Methods: In this study, we reviewed the contents of 195 articles published in this journal from the first issue of the year 1994 to 2007. Results: The majority of subjects were adult, mostly with arthritis. The position of the authors was mostly professor (73.3%). Most of studies did not clearly describe about ethical consideration. The data collection was mostly conducted in the hospital (53.8%) or community (36.9%), with the questionnaire (62.6%). The types of research design were correlational study (36.4%), experimental study (31.8%), survey (18.5%), and qualitative research (4.6%). Physical variables included pain, fatigue, activities of daily living, joint flexibility, muscle strength, etc., psychosocial variables were measured by self-efficacy, depression, quality of life, etc., and cognitive variables by knowledge, education, etc. The most utilized nursing intervention for experimental study were exercise, self-help, and education. Conclusion: Further research is needed to extend the target population research design from multidisciplinary perspectives.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.615-626
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate caregiver burden and health related quality of life (HRQoL) among male spouses who cared for partners with a stroke. Methods: The subjects were spouses of 121 female patients who visited the neurology outpatients department in one tertiary hospital located in Seoul between February and April in 2011. Results: The mean age of the male caregivers was $71.25{\pm}5.51$ years. The mean score of caregiver's burden was moderate ($63.28{\pm}9.85$). The average reported caregiving time was $58.48{\pm}5.51$ min/day with the male spouses spending more time in house-working than with caregiving activities. The reported depression and care giving time, plus the cognitive status and functional dependencies of the spouse were significantly related to male caregiver's burden. The mean scores of 'physical health' and 'mental health' for quality of life for the male caregivers was moderate (47.49 and 47.33 respectively). Overall, caregiver's burden has a negative effect on the HRQoL of male spouses. Conclusion: Caregiver's burden and HRQoL are important problems which are in need of nurses' attention. It is suggested that intervention programs for male spouses be developed with a focus on emotional and social support as well as education about the caregiving role.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1392-1402
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• 1999

This study was carried out to find out stress-eating relationship in obese high school girls and to investigate the factors related to stress-induced eating. The conceptual framework used in this study was individual difference model. The research method was methodological triangulation. The data of the study were collected from purposively sampled 309 normal high school girls and 314 obese high school girls in S city. 15 volunteers, obese high school girls, enrolled in this qualitative research. Quantitative data was collected from May 6 to June 10, 1997 through questionnaires about stress and stress-related eating changes and from June 23 to August 26, 1997, qualitative data was collected. The results of the study were as follows : 1. Obese high school girls were unaffected by stress(t=-1.84, p=0.0662). 2. Through quantitative analysis, obese people divided into two groups in their response to stress. One group was composed of stress- eater. The other group was composed of non- stress eater. 3. Disinhibition(t=-3.1275, p=0.0019), cognitive restrain (t=-3.1597, p=0.0017), hunger(t=-3.5878, p=0.0004) were significantly different between stress-eaters and non-stress eaters. 4. According to the interview, 5 subjects of obese girls were stress eaters, and 10 subjects were non-stress eaters. Through qualitative research, the related factors of eating were eating attitude & behavior, stimuli situations on eating, and personality. In stress-eater group, they constantly went on a diet, however, they were prompted to eat when an uneasy feeling such as anxiety, depression, annoyance developed. Their personality were entirely optimistic. Whereas non-stress eater group had no interest in diet and didn't appear to have psychological factors to stimulate eating in stressful situations. Their personality was not only optimistic but also keenly characteristic. 5. To compare obese-normal high school girls on the effect of stress in eating. Normal weigh high school girls decreased their eating when stressed(t= -13.62, p=0.0001). In conclusion, this study suggests that there are two different groups in obese high school girls in regards to eating responses on stressful situations. As a result of these finding, clinical and school nurses can detect the stress-eaters who need stress management intervention, and can apply appropriate management program according to the individual needs.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.92-106
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review health-related interventions in nursing studies for low-income school-age children and adolescents. Methods: Searches among CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, DBpia, and RISS identified 27 intervention studies published from January 2000 to April 2018. Results: Twenty-seven intervention studies were identified: 12 included psychosocial adaptations and 15 included the healthy lifestyle promotion and disease prevention. The settings were mainly schools and community welfare centers. Many studies were based on social cognitive theory and interventions were provided in a group format. Depression, self-esteem, resilience, self-efficacy for vegetable and fruit consumption, physical activity, and health-related knowledge improved significantly after the health-related interventions. However, the findings were inconsistent with regard to anxiety, peer relationships, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose. Conclusion: There is potential for enhancing outcomes for psychosocial, physical health, and health-related knowledge among low-income school-age children and adolescents. Integrated interventions addressing the physical as well as psychological health of low-income children and adolescents should be conducted. It would be prudent to consider the ethnicity and family background of the child or adolescent. However, rigorous study designs and scientific validation are needed for further evidence.