• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.169-172
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• 2008

Indian tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta D is reported to have forty four ecoraces by way of their adoption to different topographical and vegetational conditions. Of late, another ecorace 'JATA' - univoltine under in-situ condition has been explored which is localized in Thakurmunda area of the foot hills of Simlipal biosphere (Mayurbhanj district) of Orissa, India. The ecorace 'Jata' exhibits superior economic characters over widely commercialized ecoraces of Daba and Sukinda. The cocoon production of localized 'Jata' ecorace is depleting day by day in in-situ condition. In the present study, efforts were made to stabilize the ecorace 'Jata' under ex-situ condition at Ranchi (Jharkhand), where the 'Jata' ecorace silkworms were reared on Terminalia tomentosa for four successive generations during 2006 and 2007 and the cocoons were preserved in grainage house under prevailing climatic conditions. The results indicated change in voltinism behaviour of the 'Jata' ecorace from univoltine to bivoltine. The rearing performance and grainage efficiencies indicate the tendency of 'Jata' ecorace towards acclimatization and stabilization under Ranchi climatic conditions. The 'Jata' ecorace manifests the prospects for acclimatization, stabilization and commercial exploitation.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1998

Entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae, were isolated from the soil of mulberry field, and the high infectivity and invesiveness were confirmed in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. The cause of non-microbial and acute flacherie was found as an disease by infection with soil-born nematodes through the mulberry leaves contaminated with soil and rainwater. The causal nematodes were isolated by silkworm trap from all of the 5 soil samples collected on the 5 mulberry fields, and identified as 3 strains of Heterorhabditis sp. and 2 of Steinernema sp. Rainwater itself, however, wasn't engaged in the silkworm disease, mulberry leaves with rainwater was rather profitable for cocoon production when the leaf quality was too hard to feed silkworm. Feeding of wet mulberry leaves with rain might not so harm to silkworm when the condition of rearing room to be kept at suitable temperature and ventilated well. Nematode infection of silkworm could be occurred by harvesting and feeding of contaminated mulberry leaves on the weather condition of rainy and wind. For the prevention of nematode infection, silkworms should be fed the leaves harvested from the higher portion of the mulberry tree in rainy days. For an oppositional application of this susceptibility of silkworms to nematode, might be useful on the collection and amplification of nematode agents for biotic control of pest insects.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.21-23
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• 2011

In order to produce the colored cocoons we finalized the adequate amount of dyes throughout several trial and error experiments. The proper amount of each dye required for per 100 g of each colored cocoon turned out to be 150 mg of Rhodamine, 1560 mg of Thionin, 170 mg of Neutral red, and 200 mg of N-Blue, respectively. With this amount of dyes silkworms grew without physiological disorders. In order to produce colored cocoons, artificial diet composed mainly of mulberry leaves was fed to silkworms from the beginning of 5th instar, and subsequently fed with dye included diet from $4^{th}$ day of the 5th instar. This process resultantly produced colored silkworm body from the onset of feeding and subsequently colored cocoons and eggs. Nevertheless, the dye induced color was not inherited to next generation.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.34-43
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• 2023

The eighteen (18) F₁ hybrid combinations were tested to identify potential combinations adaptable to type 1 climatic conditions in the Philippines. The six (6) bivoltine purelines (DMMMSU 108, DMMMSU 109, DMMMSU 110, DMMMSU 111, DMMMSU 113, and DMMMSU 119); and three (3) multivoltine purelines (DMMMSU 1000, DMMMSU 1007, and DMMMSU 1014), were crossed (multivoltine x bivoltine) in a mating plan. These were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), replicated three times, and analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). A test of significance was done using ANOVA across years and Tukey's Honest Significant Difference Test (HSD). The multiple trait evaluation index (EI) method was also used in the identification of potential F₁ hybrids. Three major phases were done: (1) parental rearing of multivoltine and bivoltine pure lines for breed multiplication; (2) hybridization process; and (3) evaluation of F₁ hybrids. Rearing evaluations were conducted for three consecutive years. Based from the three evaluations, 10 potential crosses were identified: DMMMSU MV-12, DMMMSU MV-11, DMMMSU MV-13, DMMMSU MV-16, DMMMSU MV-07, DMMMSU MV-14, DMMMSU MV-05, DMMMSU MV-09, DMMMSU MV-03, and DMMSU MV-10. The topmost combinations with the best economic and commercial characters and are consistently adaptable during two (2) cropping seasons were DMMMSU MV-07, DMMMSU MV-12, DMMMSU MV-05, DMMMSU MV-09 and DMMMSU MV-11. These newly-identified F₁ hybrids are considered potential breeds that could improve cocoon production.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.44-50
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• 1987

고도(37$^{\circ}C$)처리에 의한 바이러스성 건연병의 발병억제 효과를 검정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 고온처리 시기는 5령기잠 또는 4.5령기잠이 가장 알맞았다. 2. 고온처리 기간은 12-24시간이 적절했다. 3. 2령기잠에 바이러스를 접종하고 5령기잠 또는 4,5령기잠에 각각 12 및 24시간 고온처리 했을 때, 생존율은 고온 무처리 대비 지수로 33.8-39.5%가 높았고, 1만두 수견량 24.2-32.0%은 높았다. 4. 3령기잠에 바이러스를 접종하고 위와 같은 방법으로 고온처리 했을 때, 생존율은 무처리 대비 지수로 53.6-70.0%, 1만두 수견량은 45.8-54.2%가 높았다. 5. 4령기잠에 바이러스 접종 후 5령기잠에 12 및 24시간 고온처리 했을 때는 무처리 대비 지수로 생존율은 49.7-68.9%, 1만기 수견량은 44.3-69.0%이 높았다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.63-67
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• 2013

8개 연구기관의 지역적응 시험을 통해 황보잠은 기존 보급 누에품종인 금황잠보다 화용비율이 높은 강건성 품종으로 대조 품종대비 5령 3일 유충 무게가 3%정도 무겁고, 전견중이 무거워 수량성이 높은 다수성 양친한성황견 품종으로 육성하게 되었다. 이 품종의 일본종계 원종 잠317는 1994년에 Y1, 8013의 교잡으로 2011년에 육성기호 Y9411으로 명명하였다. 암수 모두 무늬가 있는 형잠 품종으로 고치모양은 땅콩형이며 암수고치색깔이 다른 한성황견 품종이다. 중국종계 잠318은 1994년에 Y1, 9134 의 교잡으로 2004년에 육성기호 Y9416으로 명명하였다. 암수 모두 무늬가 없는 희잠 품종으로 고치모양은 타원형이며 암수고치색깔이 다른 한성황견 품종이다. 황보잠은 춘잠기에 적합한 품종으로 사육성적에서 화용 비율이 93.2%, 1만두 수견량이 21.3 kg, 견층중이 54.8 cg으로 대조 품종 금황잠보다 우수하였으며, 또한 실켜기 성적에서 해서율, 생사량이 80%, 4.65kg로 대조 78%, 4.05 kg보다 우수하였다. DNJ(1-Deoxynojirimycin)함량은 황보잠이 대조 금황잠보다 낮았고, 누에 동충하초 생산성에서 감염율은 대조보다 3,9%로 높았고 생체중은 개당 1.32 g으로 대조 1.19 g 보다 무거웠다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2012

대박잠은 기존 보급 누에품종보다 화용비율이 높은 강건성 품종으로 대조 품종대비 5령 3일 유충 무게가 10% 무겁고, 전견중이 무거워 수량성이 높은 다수성 품종으로 육성하게 되었다. 이 품종의 일본종계 원종 잠155는 1999년 NB7과 NB18을 교잡 육성한 무늬 없는 품종이고 중국종계 잠156은 1999년에 도입한 CB을 선발 육성한 무늬없는 품종이다. 이 품종의 사육성적은 화용비율이 96.4%, 전견중이 2.72 g, 1만두 수견량은 25.4 kg으로 대조 품종보다 우수하였다. 실켜기 성적에서 견사장이 1,506 m, 견사량이 53.2 cg으로 1만두 생사량 4.92 kg으로 많아 우수하였고, 견사섬도는 3.19 d 이었다. 잠종생산능력은 일본종계 원종 잠155의 1나방당 산란수는 533개, 중국종계 원종 잠156의 산란수 629개로 산란성이 우수하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2002

실크 피브로인의 가수분해를 통해 생산된 펩타이드 성분에 의해 murine macrophage RAW264.7 세포에 의한 nitric oxide 생성이 촉진됨을 발견하였다. 산 및 효소적 가수분해물의 가수분해도를 비교한 결과 실크 피브로인 단백질은 산 가수분해에 의해 가장 효과적으로 분해되었으며 효소적 가수분해의 경우에는 pepsin, trypsin, Alcalase의 순으로 가수분해도가 높았다. 산 가수분해물을 단독으로 macrophage에 처리하였을 때 처리농도에 따라 NO 생성촉진활성이 높아졌으나 이 활성은 가수분해물 내의 펩타이드 성분들과 오염되어 혼재하는 LPS 성분의 상호작용에 의한 것임이 확인되었다. 함유된 LPS 성분들을 한외여과에 의해 제거한 효소적 가수분해물들의 NO 생성촉진활성은 peptic hydrolysate가 가장 높았고 tryptic-, Alcalase hydrolysate 순이었다. 이러한 활성의 차이는 가수분해물 내의 고분자량 펩타이드 분포가 많을수록 활성이 높다는 관계에 기인하였으나 산 가수분해물의 경우에는 예외적으로 나타났다. 각 가수분해물의 아미노산 조성을 분석한 결과 arginine, lysine의 함량이 높을수록 활성이 높으며 alanine의 glycine에 대한 비율이 커질수록 활성이 높아졌다. 산 가수분해물의 경우에는 낮은 분자량의 펩타이드들이 많이 분포하지만 arginine 및 alanine의 함량이 높아 비교적 높은 NO 생성 촉진활성을 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.147-151
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• 2005

Serious attempt for the improvement of quality parameters in silkworm hybrids came rather very late in India. Realising the need for productive breeds to the field and reorientation in breeding methodology, the silkworm breeders of CSRTI, Mysore were able to develop silkworm breeds with fine denier namely, JPN7, CSR48, B63 and B65 of specific industrial requirement through directional selection. As the success of silkworm breeds mainly depends on their combining ability, the developed breeds were subjected for hybrid evaluation. Out of 42 bivoltine hybrids studied, one hybrid, $CSR48{\times}CSR5$ was identified for its superiority over the existing bivoltine hybrids namely $CSR2{\times}CSR4,\;CSR2{\times}CSR5\;and\;CSR18{\times}CSR19$ for majority of qualitative traits. Post cocoon testing of large quantity of cocoons of $CSR48{\times}CSR5$ resulted in the production of high quality '3A'grade silk. It is for the first time in the Indian Sericulture industry that high quality silk with longer filament length of 1474 m, denier of 2.47, standard size deviation of 0.983 d, maximum size deviation of 1.322, neatness of 96 p, reelability of $85\%$, tenacity of 3.87 g/d, elongation of $22.32\%$ and cohesion of 110 strokes was produced. The superiority of fine denier silkworm breeds and their hybrids are discussed.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2012

Tropical tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta Drury experiences extreme temperature stress conditions during its life cycle particularly during diapauses and first crop. The present study witnessed the impact of high temperature on some biochemical profiles and egg production (fecundity) of semi-domesticated Daba and Shorea robusta (Sal) based wild ecorace Laria during seed cocoon (pupa) preservation. Cocoons of Daba and Laria were treated with high temperature at $40^{\circ}C$ for 10 days in a BOD incubator. The protein profile and carbohydrate content in the hemolymph and fat body and total haemocyte count (THC) in the hemolymph of pupa were investigated. Further, the fecundity and fertility of egg was assessed. Significant increase in the protein concentration was observed in the hemolymph with reduction in the fat body (p<0.05). The difference in protein concentration was highly significant between the semidomesticated Daba and wild ecorace Laria (p<0.05). High pupal mortality (20%) and reduced fecundity (10-15%) in Daba was noticed compared to wild Laria. Also an increased THC (>28000) was recorded in Laria. The study infers the potentials of wild ecoraces in sustaining the extreme temperature conditions and need of adopting suitable package of practices for the preservation of diapause seed cocoons during extreme summer conditions. There is possibility to introgression thermal stress resistant traits in the semi-domesticated races of tasar silkworm by resorting to conventional breeding plans with wild races and keeping the thermal stress induced response as markers.