Development of Fine Denier Silkworm Hybrid $CSR48{\times}CSR5$ of Bombyx mori L. for Superior Quality Silk

  • Kalpana G. V. (Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Srirampura) ;
  • Kumar N. Suresh (Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Srirampura) ;
  • Basavaraja H. K. (Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Srirampura) ;
  • Reddy N. Mal (Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Srirampura) ;
  • Palit A. K. (Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Srirampura)
  • Published : 2005.06.01

Abstract

Serious attempt for the improvement of quality parameters in silkworm hybrids came rather very late in India. Realising the need for productive breeds to the field and reorientation in breeding methodology, the silkworm breeders of CSRTI, Mysore were able to develop silkworm breeds with fine denier namely, JPN7, CSR48, B63 and B65 of specific industrial requirement through directional selection. As the success of silkworm breeds mainly depends on their combining ability, the developed breeds were subjected for hybrid evaluation. Out of 42 bivoltine hybrids studied, one hybrid, $CSR48{\times}CSR5$ was identified for its superiority over the existing bivoltine hybrids namely $CSR2{\times}CSR4,\;CSR2{\times}CSR5\;and\;CSR18{\times}CSR19$ for majority of qualitative traits. Post cocoon testing of large quantity of cocoons of $CSR48{\times}CSR5$ resulted in the production of high quality '3A'grade silk. It is for the first time in the Indian Sericulture industry that high quality silk with longer filament length of 1474 m, denier of 2.47, standard size deviation of 0.983 d, maximum size deviation of 1.322, neatness of 96 p, reelability of $85\%$, tenacity of 3.87 g/d, elongation of $22.32\%$ and cohesion of 110 strokes was produced. The superiority of fine denier silkworm breeds and their hybrids are discussed.

Keywords

References

  1. Datta, R. K. (1984) Improvement of silkworm races (Bombyx mori. L) in India. Sericologia 24, 393-415
  2. Datta, R. K. (1992) Guidelines for bivoltine rearing. Central silk Board, India
  3. Datta, R. K. and H. K. Basavaraja (1997) Silkworm breeding in Japan, China and India- A comparative analysis; In silkworm breeding. Reddy, S. (ed), pp. 18-38, Oxford & IBH Pub. Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
  4. Datta, R. K., H. K. Basavaraja, N. Mal Reddy, S. Nirmal Kumar, M. M. Ahsan, N. Suresh Kumar and M. Ramesh Babu (2000) Evolution of new productive bivoltine hybrids CSR2 x CSR4 and CSR2 x CSR5. Sericologia 40, 151-167
  5. Harada, C. (1961) On the heterosis of quantitative characters in the silkworm. Bull. Sericult. Exp. Sta. 17, 50-52
  6. Huang, G. R.(1998) Silk reeling (Translated from Chinese). Oxford and IBH publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
  7. Kalpana, G. V., N. Suresh Kumar, N. Mal Reddy, P. G. Joge and A. K. Palit (2002) Productive bivoltine silkworm hybrid of Bomyx mori L. for longer filament length and thin denier; In Advances in Indiaη Sericulture Research. Dandin, S. B. and V. P. Gupta (eds), pp.129-133, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, India
  8. Krishnaswami, S. (1978) New Technology of Silkworm Rearing. Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute
  9. Mahadevappa, D., V. G. Halliyal, D. G. Shankar and R. Bhandiwad (2000) Cocoon quality; in Mulberry silk reeling technology. pp.13-30, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt., New Delhi
  10. Miyajima T., T. Yamamoto, K. Mase, T. Iziuka, M. Nozaki and M. Kiuchi (2001) Induction of trimolting larvae by the imidazole compound, tritlumizole, in the silkworm races with a thin cocoon filament, Hakugin and Honobono and the resulted cocoon characters. J. Seric. Sci. Jpn 70, 37-42
  11. Ooi, H. and A. Yamashita (1977) On breeding of the silkworm races J137 and C137. Bull. Sericult. Exp. Stn. 27, 97-139
  12. Yamamoto, T., K. Mase and M. Enokijima (1995) Breeding of polyphagous silkworm races with a thin cocoon filament. Bull. Natl. Inst. Seric. Entomol. Sci. 15, 47-62