• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.627-636
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• 2002

While typhoons were passing by the coastal and offshore waters around the Korean peninsula, the variations of the sea surface temperature (SST) were studied. To study on the variation, the data related to the 22 typhoons among 346 typhoons which occurred in the western Pacific during 1990∼1999, daily measured field SSTs at coastal and offshore, and imageries from advanced very high resolution radiometer on NOAA satellite during 1990∼1999 were used. The average variations of the SSTs were -0.9℃ at coastal waters and -2℃ at offshore around the Korean peninsula while the typhoons were passing by. In very near coastal waters from the land, the SST was not changed because the bottom depth of the coastal waters was shallower than the depth of thermalcline, while the typhoon was passing. The temporal and spatial variation of SSTs at coastal waters in summer were depended on the various types of the typhoons＇paths which were passing through the Korean peninsula. When a typhoon passed by the western parts including the Yellow Sea of the Korean peninsula upwelling cold water occurred along the eastern coastal waters of the peninsula. The reason was estimated with the typhoon that was as very strong wind which blew from south toward north direction along the eastern shore of the peninsula, led to the Ekman transport from near the eastern coastal area toward the offshore. While cold water was occurring in the eastern coast, a typhoon passed over the coastal area, the cold water disappeared. The reason was estimated that the cold water was mixed up with the surrounding warm water by the effect of the typhoon. While a cold water was occurring in the eastern coast, a typhoon passed by the offshore of the eastern coast, there were the increasing of the SST as well as the disappearing of the cold water. While a typhoon was passing by the offshore of the eastern coast, the cold water which resulted from the strong tidal current in the western coast of the peninsula was horizontally spread from the onshore to the offshore. We think that the typhoon played the role of the very strong wind which was blowing from north toward south. Therefore, the Ekman transport occurred from the onshore toward the offshore of the western coast in the Korean peninsula.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 1998

1996년 하계동안 한국 서해 대안반도 연근해에서 부유퇴적물의 총함량과 분포경향 및 부유물질의 입도특성을 측정하였고, 수온과 염분의 수괴특성치와 비교하여 부유퇴적물의 운반양상을 해석하였다. 연구해역의 하계 수괴 특성은 수온과 염분이 수직적으로 균질한 연안수괴와 수온약층이 뚜렷한 외양수괴로 구분되는 바, 연안수와 외양수는 강한 조석전선의 영향으로 활발하게 혼합되지 않았다. 그런데 경기만으로부터 유래된 저염의 연안수는 조석전선의 외양역에서 밀도약층대를 따라 중층 저염수를 형성하였고, 남쪽방향으로 이동하는 것으로 분석되었다. 부유물 총함량(TSM)은 경기만 입구의 연안수역에서 5 mg/l 이상으로 높았으며, 외양수역에서 대체로 2 mg/l 이하로 낮게 측정되었다. 외양수역에서는 수괴 홍탁도가 상층과 하층에 비하여 높게 나타나는 중층 혼탁수가 형성되었으며, 경기만 연안해역에서 유래한 부유물질은 위에서 설명된 수괴이동을 따라 남쪽방향으로 이동되는 것으로 규명된다. 부유물질의 입자크기는 전체적으로 2~9 ${\mu}m$의 평균입자 범위이며, 평균입자가 7 ${\mu}m$ 이상인 조립질 부유물은 경기만 연안수역의 혼탁수와 외양역 중층 저염수의 혼탁수에서 우세하다. 따라서 수괴분포와 연관된 부유물질의 입자특성은 부유물질의 이동과 거동방향의 해석에 긍정적인 자료로 여겨진다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.401-409
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• 1983

1981년과 1982년 $4{\sim}6$월에 한국 남해와 서해 연근해에서 채집된 멸치의 난치어 및 해양관측 자료를 사용하여 수괴배치에 따른 멸치의 난치어의 분포를 분석하였다. 온도전선은 남해에서는 제주도와 대마도를 잇는 선상에서 한국남안연안수와 대마난류간에 형성되었고 서해에서는 태안반도이남해역과 해안선과 평행하게 남북으로 한국서안연안수와 황해냉수간에 형성되었다. 한국남해에서 멸치난은 온도전선 내측인 연안측에서, 멸치 치어는 온도전선을 중심으로 연안측과 외해측으로 분리되어 출현하였다. 그러나 한국서해에서 멸치난과 치어는 온도전선내측과 온도전선역인 $12^{\circ}C$ 이상의 해역에서만 출현하였다. 치어의 체장조성을 보면 남해에서는 연안측에서 전기자어가, 외해측에서 후기자어 및 치어기의 멸치가 주로 출현하였으나, 서해에서는 남부해역에서는 전기자어가 북부해역에서는 후기자어가 주로 출현하였다. 또한 온도전선의 경도가 큰 1981년에는 1982년에 비하여 난과 치어의 분포범위가 크게 제한을 받으므로서 전선의 강약은 난과 치어의 분포에 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 추정된다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1993

In order to investigate the environmental properties of set net grounds located in the coastal waters of Yeosu, oceanographic observations on the fishing grounds were carried out by the training ship of Yeosu Fisheries University from Jun. 1988 to Dec. 1990. The resultes obtained are summarized as follows; 1) The water mass in the fishing grounds were divided into the inner water (29.50-31.00$\textperthousand$), the mixed water (31.10-32.70$\textperthousand$) and the offshore water (32.70-34.30$\textperthousand$) according to the distribution of salinity from T-S diagram plotted all salinity data observed from Jun. 1988 to Dec. 1990. In spring the mixing water prevailed and in summer the inner and mixing water. But in autumn and winter the mixing and offshore waters prevailed. 2) The inner water which was formed by land water from the river of Somjin and the precipitation in the Yeosu district flowed southerly along the coast of Dolsando and spread south-easterly in the vicinity of Kumodo. The inner water and offshore water which supplied from the vicinity of Sorido and Yokchido formed the thermal front and halofront. 3) As the mixing water flowing from the western sea of Cheju to the southern coast of korea was low in temperature, the water mass of low temperature which appeared at the offshore bottom of Sorido in summer was considered not to be the Tsushima warm current. 4) As vertical mixing was made frequently in spring, autumn and winter, the differences in temperature and salinity between surface and bottom was respectively small. In summer, however, the mixing was not made because of the inner water expanded offshore through the space between surface and 10m layer and so a thermocline of $2.0^{\circ}C$/10m and halocline of 4.0$\textperthousand$/10m respectively in vertical gradient was formed. 5) In the vicinity of Dolsando and Kum a water low in salinity prevailed, but in the vicinity of Namhaedo and YoKchido the reverse took place. The inner and mixing waters formed at these arease was limited to the observation area not to spread widely.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2009

2008년 한반도 남해동부해역에서 Cochlodinium polykrikoides 적조의 발생, 진행 및 소멸현상을 식물플랑크톤 종조성, 물리 화학적 환경요소와 기상자료를 이용하여 분석하였다. 2008년 C. polykrikoides 적조는 7월말에 조기 발생하여 저밀도로 장기간 연안해역에 집중되어 발생하였다. 7월 초부터 동해남부해역에서 발생한 냉수대의 영향으로 외해로부터 C. polykrikoides 가입이 어려웠으며, 연안 저층의 포자(cyst) 발아에 의한 적조발생 이후 약한 바람 및 가뭄으로 인한 낮은 영양염 농도로 적조가 확산 성장하지 못하고 연안해역에 제한되어 발생한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.17-33
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• 1980

The materials were obtained in the eastern Gulf of Alaska and the south- eastern Bering Sea during the cruise of the research vessel, Ohdae San, from July to October 1978. A total of 76 samples were taken by NORPAC net from a depth of 200 meters or less in coastal areas. 1. The surface water temperature in the coastal waters, varing from 9 to 10$^{\circ}C$, was lower than that in offshore waters which varied from 10 to 12.9$^{\circ}C$ in the eastern Gulf of Alaska. Thermocline was formed in the 30∼50 meter layer. Salinity of the coastal waters of Kenai Peninsula and Kodiak was 30 which was slightly lower than that of offshore. 2. The water temperature of the surface layer down to 30 meters varied from 7 to 10$^{\circ}C$ and from 1 to 9$^{\circ}C$ in the layer below 30 meters in the south-eastern Bering Sea. Meandering thermal front spread from the Alaska Peninsula to St. Matthew Island by way of St. Paul, and a thermocline was found at the 30∼50 meter layer Salinity ranged from 31.0 to 33.0 and that of northern and coastal waters was little lower than that of offshore. 3. Zooplankton biomass fluctuated from 0.1 to 23.6cc/10㎥ in the eastern Gulf of Alaska and 2.0 to 26.1cc/10㎥ in the south-eastern Bering Sea. Plankton was rich in the following areas, the inshore Kodiak waters, the northern Bering Sea, the Coastal waters and waters adjacent to Alutian islands however, poor in the central Bering Sea. In general, the south-eastern Bering Sea has a higher concentration of plankton volume than the eastern Gulf of Alaska. 4. Twenty three species representing 17 genera of copepods were identified from the samples. These were mostly composed of the cold water species, such as Pseudocalanus minutus, Acartia longiremis, Metridia lucens and Eucalanus bungii var. bungii. 5. The cold oceanic species were composed of Calanus cristatus, C.plumchrus, Metridia lucens, Eucalanus bungii var. bungii and Scolecithricella minor. The cold neritic species were Centropages abdominalis, Pseudocalanus minutus, Acartia longiremis, Eurytemora herdmanii, Pontella pulvinata, P. longipedata and Tortanus discaudatus. On the other hand, the warm oceanic species were Calanus tenuicornis and Oithona plumifera. The cosmopolitan species were Calanus finmarchicus and Oithona similis. 6. It was suggested that the cold oceanic species, Eucalanus bungii var. bungii and Metridia lucens in the south-eastern Bering Sea can be recommended as a valuable indicator species for finding the fishing grounds of demersal fish such as pollock and yellowfin sole in this area.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.299-305
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• 1994

1991년과 1992년의 $3{\sim}4$월에 한국 남해안에서 어난을 채집하여 멸치와 정어리 난 분포역의 변동을 비교하고 발생 단계별 분포밀도로써 감소율을 추정하였다. 멸치와 정어리 난은 1991년 3월과 1992년 3월말${\sim}4$월초에 대마도 남서해역에서 동시에 높은 밀도로 분포하였다. 특히 1992년에는 1991년에 비하여 멸치와 정어리난 분포범위가 남해중부 외해역까지 확장되어 있었다. 조사해역의 표층수온은 $8.6{\sim}17.8^{\circ}C$였으며, 멸치와 정어리 난의 대부분은 $14{\sim}15^{\circ}C$에서 출현하였다. 1991년 3월 $4{\sim}15$일에 있어서 난의 발생단계별 분포밀도로부터 추정된 순간감소계수를 비교하면 멸치는 0.268/일, 정어리는 0.132/일로서 정어리 난 난의 1일 감소율이 멸치에 비하여 낮은 경향을 보였다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.77-82
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• 1979

멸치는 남해안에서는 여러 단계의 크기의 것이 혼획되는데, 가다랭이 미끼용으로는 채장 6-7m의 것이 알맞으므로, 이 크기의 것을 가급적 언중 확보하기 위해서는, 그 분포상을 조사하여 적정 자원이 가장 많이 출현하는 해역을 알 필요가 있다. 또, 멸치의 크기에 따라 상품가치도 크게 다르므로 멸치 어업을 합리적으로 운영하기 위해서나, 자원의 관리를 위해서도 채장 조사는 중요하다. 여기서는 멸치어업이 주로 이루어지는 7월부터 12월의 한국 동남 해역에 있어서의 멸치의 분포상에 관하여 조사한 것을 보고한다

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.107-112
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to analyze the amount of available wave power and its characteristics related to the development of apractical system for ocean wave energy conversion in Korean coastal waters. The analysis method of wave power was established through comparison between theory and numerical simulation of deep sea wave by Inverse Fourier Transform with random phase method. Based on the results of comparison, wave power was estimated by use of data set from observed offshore and coastal waves and hindasted deep sea waves around the Korean peninsula. Annual mean wave power is estimated as about 1.8 ~ 7.0 kW for every metre of wave frontage at East sea, 1.5~5.3 kW at South sea and 1.0 ~ 4.1 kW at West sea, respectively. Mean wave power along deep sea front of coastal waters of Korea amounts to about 4.7 GW. Regional distribution and seasonal variation of wave power were discussed to develop practical utilization system of wave power of not so high grade of available wave power.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2018

This study analyzed the condition of marine accident and disaster rate of crew of Korean fishing vessels by vessel type, and checked the Australian safety management system and relevant regulation in Korea to suggest measures to build coastal/offshore fishing vessel safety management system in Korean coastal/offshore fishery. As a result, the power and production amount of Korean coastal/offshore fishing vessel is consistently decreasing while marine accident is increasing. Disaster rate of crew was higher than land industry, especially, the disaster rate of coastal/offshore fishing vessel was very high (100.0‰). Australia applies safety management system differed by vessel type and operation waters which fully considers the characteristics of pertinent vessel. The average accident rate of fishing vessels with gross tonnage over 20 tons among the Korean coastal/offshore fishing vessel was 13.6%, which was significantly higher than fishing vessels with gross tonnage below 20 tons (1.4%). Such result indicates it is urgent to implement safety management system to fishing vessel with gross tonnage over 20 tons and introduce fishing vessel safety supervisor. Establishing safety management system of coastal/offshore fishing vessel will contribute to consistent industrial development by achieving the general goal of reducing marine accident and spreading safety culture.