• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.55-72
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• 2002

Purpose : This study aimed at understanding the lived experience of new graduate nurse in hospital setting.Method : This study was based on a phenomenological approach. For this study, 8 new graduate nurses participated. The unstructured in-depth interviews were carried out from June to October, 1998. The data was analyzed Van Kaam's method.Results : Clinical new graduate nurses experienced clinical adaptation and endeavor, professional conflict of nursing, disability of nursing performance, work stress and management, maladaptation of human relationships, diverse emotions of interpersonal relationships, change of personal identity, difference between theory and reality of nursing.Clinical adaptation and endeavor included to get familiar with hospital life, satisfaction and worth for nursing, to get familiar with scoldings, calm down by oneself, efforts for self-development. Professional conflicts of nursing included future uncertainties in the hospital, dissatisfactions in work, doubts and regrets in nursing.Disability of nursing performance included lack of knowledges and skills, desolate working, stresses from mistake in working. Work stress and management included psychological signs and symptoms, physical signs and symptoms, management of stress. Maladaptation of human relationships included unsuitabilities in nursing unit climate, difficulties in human relationship. Diverse emotions of interpersonal relationships included regrets and absurdities to clients, thanks and regrets to colleagues, difficulties with doctors, sense of rivalry with colleague nurses. Change of personal identity included to become narrowing life circle, change of personality. The differences between theoretical knowledge and practice included needs of systematic pre-education for clinical nursing practice, differences between nursing educations and clinical practices.Conclusion : Therefore, the human resource management reflecting new graduate nurses' experiences should be developed.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.102-105
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• 2023

Symptomatic extravasation of irrigation fluid is a rare complication of hip arthroscopy. However, depending on the amount of fluid, intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) may occur and even develop into abdominal compartment syndrome, which can seriously alter hemodynamic circulation. Therefore, it is important for anesthesiologists to promptly recognize the abnormal signs of IAH for early diagnosis and better clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, these signs are difficult to detect because they are usually obscured when the patient is under anesthesia and masked by surgical drapes. We report a case of IAH under general anesthesia during hip arthroscopy to highlight possible symptoms and signs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2024

A 6-year-old neutered male Poodle with a body weight of 2.7 kg was diagnosed with a congenital extrahepatic portoazygos shunt presented with progressive hepatic encephalopathy. Five days after surgical attenuation, the patient showed post-attenuation neurological signs (PANS) such as generalized tonic-clonic seizure, dull mentation, and tremor. PANS were successfully managed with antiepileptic drugs, but third-space fluid accumulation (ascites and peripheral edema) and phlebectasia were newly identified, suggesting marked portal hypertension (PHT). Telmisartan, spironolactone, carvedilol, and prednisolone were sequentially administered. Three months after surgery, both abnormal clinicopathological values such as anemia and hypoalbuminemia, and clinical signs completely resolved. Herein, we report successful management strategies for PANS and PHT in a dog following surgical attenuation of a congenital portoazygos shunt.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.16-24
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• 1977

This is a result of clinical examination for workers working with Chromic acid and Chromium compounds in the plating room of their companies. I selected two companies that the plating process and the kinds of plating were similar. One (SW Co.) was more or less improved the operating environment with the ventilation machine so on and another (SR Co.) did not it so. The former was examined at March 29th 1977, the latter was at June 28th 1976. But the respiratory communicable diseases, flue or common cold so on were not spreaded there at that time. The clinical aspects were compared between the group of SW, and SR. The swelling and hyperemic signs of nasal mucous membrane and the experience of nasal bleeding were about 50%, generally, in all the groups. The following problem was dizziness or vertigo. The nasal signs in the group of SW (improved ventilation of the room air) were relatively weak, but in another, it was some what severe; - there was necrotic sign with thick nasal clast. They were only used of gauze mask when the vapors of various solvents were deeply full in the room. And there was very high rate of bronchial signs, sputum or coughing in the group of SW improved ventilation so called, than another one. I suppose that it means chronic inflammatory change of the bronchial mucous membrane with deeper signs, due to the individual protectors were carelessly or not used according to the improving of the operating environment. Theses nasal signs mentioned the above were not nearly in the other groups had not been done the Chromium plating. The Status of RBC, Hb and Ht, of urine protein and urobilinogen were mostly in normal range. But the number of WBC was more or less showed with a positive correlation to the working duration.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.39-43
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the acute toxicity and safety of Ssanghwa-tang (Shuanhetang in Chinese, Sou-wa-to in Japanese) in Crl : CD Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat though the current regulatory guideline. Methods : In this study, 10 rats of each sex were randomly assigned to two groups of 5 rats each and were administrated singly by gavage at dose levels of 0 and 2000 mg/kg/day of ssanghwa-tang water extract (SHT). After single administration of SHT, mortalities, clinical signs, body weight changes, gross findings were observed for the 15-day period. Results : Acute toxicity tests revealed that a single oral administration of SHT at dose levels of 2000 mg/kg did not affect clinical signs, body weight, and gross findings, evaluating the safety of SHT. The SHT treatment did not result in any toxicologically significant changes in mortality, clinical signs, body weight changes. Conclusions : These results showed that the single oral administration of SHT did not cause any toxic effect at the dose levels of 2000 mg/kg/day in rats. In conclusion, the median lethal dose (LD50) of SHT was considered to be over 2000 mg/kg/day body for both sexes.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.50-55
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• 2012

Purpose: We reviewed 66 cases of the glomus tumors in the hands. The purpose of this study was to review the characteristic signs and symptoms of glomus tumors and the surgical outcomes. We made hypothesis that (1) our guideline for surgical excision are reliable and (2) our surgical technique is efficient and less harmful to the nail root. Materials and Methods: The clinical diagnosis was made with occasional radiological studies and surgical excision was performed according to our indications. Patients with electrical shock-like pain by touching (the essential symptom) and at least 2 of 4 clinical signs and symptoms (cold hypersensitivity, paroxysmal pain that radiated proximally, blue discoloration, nail deformity for dorsal tumor or a palpable nodule for pulp tumor) underwent surgical excision. Results: The duration of symptoms of the patients was about 5.3 years. No difference of prevalence was found in both hands, but the thumb and the middle finger were more affected than the other fingers. The mean follow up period was 2.4 years and none of the patients complained the same characteristic pain at the last visit. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this report is the largest case series about glomus tumors in the finger tip. The clinical signs and symptoms are important to make a diagnosis of glomus tumors, and surgical excision is the treatment of choice.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.133-149
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• 1997

4-week repeated dose toxicity of DA-5018, a new capsaicin analogue analgesic agent, was examined in 5D rats at dosage levels of 0,0.4,2, 10 and 50 mg/kg/day. DA-5018 was administered orally to 17 males and 17 females per group at doses of 0, 10 and 50 mg/kg and to 12 males and 12 females per group at doses of 0.4 and 2 mg/kg. After the administration period, 5 males and 5 females at the 0, 10 and 50 mg/kg were placed on withdrawal for 2 weeks. Treatment-related clinical signs were observed at 10 and 50 mg/kg. Clinical signs observed immediately after the administration of DA-5018 were grooming, sedation or depression, lacrimation, atacia, reddening of extremities and ears, ventral or lateral recumvincy, respiratory distress, cyanosis and convulsion. Delayed-type clinical signs including focal scabbing and depilation around nose were also observed 1 or 2 weeks after the start of administration of DA-5018. Only at the 50 mg/kg group, corneal opacities, reduced body weight gain (male) and death (male 6/17, female 3/17) were noted. In blood biochemical analysis, serum levels of glucose and triglyceride decreased at 10 and 50 mg/kg. In hematological examination, there were increases in the number of red blood cell, hemoglobin content and percent of hematocrit at 10 and 50 mg/kg. Pulmonary enlargement and hemorrhagic spot, focal scabbing and depilation around nose and corneal opacities were seen at the necropsy of the animals died during the dosing of DA-5018 50 mg/kg. Focal scabbing and depilation around nose were observed in the animals terminally necropsied at doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg. Histopathological examination revealed pulmonary hemorrhage, focal necrosis in the scabbed area, corneal necrosis, fibrosis and neovasculization in the stroma. At 0.4 and 2 mg/kg, there were no significant toxic changes attributable to the administration of DA-5018. In conclusion, target organs following to 4-week repeated dose of DA-5018 in the rat were determined to be lung, skin and eyes. Definite toxic dose and no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) were estimated to be 50 and 2 mg/kg/day, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.855-862
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• 1997

Ivermectin is a synthetic derivative of the naturally occurring avermectin $B_{1a}$ (22, 23-dihydroavermectin $B_{1a}$) and $B_{1b}$ (22, 23-dihydroavermectin $B_{1b}$), It is widely used as antiparasitic and pesticidal agents because of its remarkably potent and broad spectrum of antiparasitic activity. Although the drug has shown excellent anthelmintic effects, development of toxicosis in some animals such as the Collie species of dog is well documented. However, no studies have been reported on the toxic effects of the drug in Korean native animals such as the Jindo dog. The toxic effect of ivermectin was evaluated in 25 Jindo dogs divided into five groups which were orally administered with ivermectin at dosage levels of $200{\mu}g/kg$, $300{\mu}g/kg$, $600{\mu}g/kg$ and $2,500{\mu}g/kg$ of body weight, respectively. Toxic signs were not observed in the groups receiving $200{\mu}g/kg$ and $300{\mu}g/kg$ B.W. ivermectin. One dog developed mild clinical signs of toxicosis in the group receiving $600{\mu}g/kg$ dosage of ivermectin. In the group with $2,500{\mu}g/kg$ dosage, all dogs developed mild (salivation, drooling, vomiting, mydriasis, and/or confusion) and/or moderate (ataxia and tremors) clinical signs of toxicosis. Hematologic changes were not observed in the groups receiving $200{\mu}g/kg$, $300{\mu}g/kg$ and $600{\mu}g/kg$ B.W. ivermectin. In the groups receiving $2,500{\mu}g/kg$ B.W., total erythrocyte counts, total and differential leukocyte counts and hemoglobin levels were not affected by drug. Aspartate aminotransferase levels were increased after administration of ivermectin, while serum cholesterol and blood glucose levels were decreased.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.426-442
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• 2018

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of Zusanli and nonacupoint electroacupuncture stimulation on ultrasonographic gastric emptying and vital signs in eight healthy participants. Gastric emptying and its rate of change were analyzed to search for correlation with physical characteristics such as body mass index (BMI), sternocostal angle, and abdominal wall thickness. Methods: Eight healthy participants with no gastrointestinal disorders were enrolled in this study. Each participant went through three abdominal sonographies for gastric emptying assessment. At the second and third visits, participants received Zusanli and nonacupoint electroacupuncture stimulation in a random order. During the study period, we examined the BMI, sternocostal angle, and abdominal wall thickness of all participants. Vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature) were also examined before and after the electroacupuncture stimulation. Results: Electroacupuncture stimulation at Zusanli significantly improved gastric emptying when compared to nonacupoint stimulation. Gastric emptying showed a positive correlation with BMI, sternocostal angle, and abdominal wall thickness, but this correlation was statistically insignificant. The improvement rate of gastric emptying by Zusanli electroacupuncture stimulation showed a positive correlation with BMI and sternocostal angle and a negative correlation with abdominal wall thickness. However, such results were also statistically insignificant. Among vital signs, only heart rate showed a significant decrease according to Zusanli electroacupuncture stimulation. Conclusions: A significant effect of Zusanli electroacupuncture was confirmed through ultrasonographic gastric emptying in healthy participants.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.67-70
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• 2017

A 4 months old, intact male Shih-tzu was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University for evaluation of the cause of cardiac murmur and syncope. Thoracic radiography revealed right-sided cardiomegaly. Echocardiography showed marked hypertrophy of right ventricular free wall and obstruction of right ventricular outflow tract, indicating double chambered right ventricle (DCRV). The dog was medicated with atenolol and sildenafil for DCRV, however, clinical signs did not control by medication. Balloon dilation for DCRV was performed to ameliorate patient's clinical signs. The peak systolic pressure gradient across the obstruction region was decreased and clinical signs was improved by balloon dilation procedure. This is the first case report of balloon dilation for the treatment of canine DCRV in South Korea.