• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.149-160
• /
• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the relationships between the patterns of elementary school teachers' explanations and the patterns of students' questions types on scientific phenomena. for the purposes of this study, we collected questions related to scientific phenomena from 255 $3rd{\sim}6th$ students in 2 elementary schools. Classifying the students' questions collected, 20 representative questions for each type were selected. Data regarding teachers' scientific explanation from 62 teachers of 3 elementary schools were also collected. The results of the analysis of the questions for each science field show that the students in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades have the most questions regarding biology, and those in the 6th grade have more questions regarding earth science. Regarding question types, object exploration questions and explican exploration questions formed the majority. Moreover, the higher the students' grades, a decrease in the number of conjectural questions and an increase in the number of causal questions were observed. As a result of the analysis of the teachers' explanation, the following explanation types could be discerned; conjecture, hypothesis, prediction, teleological explanation, information given to feed exploration questions, as well as verification and information supply fer verification purposes. There were 4 kinds of relationships between question types and explanation types. One was the explanation fitting to each question type, a second was the explanation with additional content than the question required, a third was where the explanation was inappropriate to the question, and a forth was where the teacher responded that they "don't know." This study, investigating the relationships between questioning as a scientific inquiry process and explanation, will help to promote discussion regarding science classes in elementary school.

• 정보관리학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.251-263
• /
• 2004

질의응답 시스템에서의 질의 분석 과정은 이용자의 자연어 질의 문장에서 질의 의도를 파악하여 그 유형을 분류하고 정답 추출을 위한 정보를 구하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 복잡한 분류 규칙 집합이나 대용량의 언어 지식 자원 대신 이용자 질의 문장에서 질의 초점 어휘를 추출하고 구문 구조적으로 관련된 단어들의 의미 정보에 기반하여 효율적으로 질의 유형을 분류하는 방법을 제안한다. 질의 초점 어휘가 생략된 경우의 처리와 동의어와 접미사 정보를 이용하여 질의 유형 분류 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 방법도 제안한다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제51권6호
• /
• pp.973-988
• /
• 2014

This paper presents a factor-analysis based questionnaire categorization method to improve the reliability of the evaluation of working conditions without influencing the completeness of the questionnaire both in Taiwanese and Chinese construction enterprises for structural engineering applications. The proposed approach springs from the AI application and expert systems in structural engineering. Questions with a similar response pattern are grouped into or categorized as one factor. Questions that form a single factor usually have higher reliability than the entire questionnaire, especially in the case when the questionnaire is complex and inconsistent. By classifying questions based on the meanings of the words used in them and the responded scores, reliability could be increased. The principle for classification was that 90% of the questions in the same classified group must satisfy the proposed classification rule and consequently the lowest one was 92%. The results show that the question classification method could improve the reliability of the questionnaires for at least 0.7. Compared to the question deletion method using SPSS, 75% of the questions left were verified the same as the results obtained by applying the classification method.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.95-99
• /
• 2010

소셜 미디어(social media)는 블로그, 소셜 네트워크, 위키 등과 같이 사용자의 참여로 만들어지는 정보 컨텐츠이다. 사용자가 작성한 질문에 다른 사용자들이 답변을하는 질문-답변 커뮤니티 서비스도 이러한 소셜 미디어의 한 가지로서 지난 몇 년간 많은 양의 정보를 축적해왔다. 하지만 축적된 질문-답변의 양이 많아질수록 이전의 질문을 정확히 검색하는 것은 점점 어려운 작업이 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 질문-답변 커뮤니티의 효율적인 정보 검색을 위해 확장된 나이브 베이즈 분류기(Na$\ddot{i}$ve Bayes classifier)를 이용하여 질문을 그 목적에 따라 정보형, 제안형, 의견형으로 자동 분류하는 기법을 제안한다. 정확한 분류를 위해 분류기는 질문-답변 문서의 구조적인 특징을 활용한다. 실제 질문-답변 커뮤니티의 질문들에 대해 실험을 수행한 결과 71.2%의 분류 정확도를 보였다.

• 한국수학사학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.59-82
• /
• 2010

이 연구의 목적은 초 중 고등학생의 수학과 학업성취도 비교 분석을 통해 효과적인 교수 학습을 위한 시사점을 도출해 보는 것이다. 분석을 위한 근거 자료는 지난 2003년부터 2008년까지 6년 동안 실시된 국가수준 학업성취도 평가 결과를 활용하였다. 먼저, 2003년부터 2008 년까지의 학업성취도 평가에 이용된 모든 선다형 문항을 내용 영역별로 분류하여 문항별 정답률을 조사하고 연도별 평균 정답률이 가장 낮은 내용 영역들을 도출하였다. 다음으로, 가장 낮은 정답률을 표시한 내용 영역별 문항을 질적으로 분석하였다. 마지막으로, 6년 동안 출제된 모든 문항에 대하여 전체 학생의 내용 영역별 평균 정답률을 산출함으로써 학교급별 학생이 가장 어려워하는 내용 영역에 대한 정보를 제공하였다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.56-63
• /
• 2002

This study was designed to investigate the new concept about lifestyle of female consumer in the present time of digital revolution and to analyze the preferences and sensibilities according to the types of consumer lifestyle classified into the same group. Survey was done through questionnaire of 79 questions and the data of 151 female consumers in the age of 19-34 were analyzed statistically using SPSS. The 6 factors were extracted from 39 lifestyle questions: consumerism, seeking challenge, communal life, quality of life, digital orientation and active counter plan. 6 Lifestyle clusters of female consumers were as following: the no-concern satisfied, the digital passive, the consumer personal, the digital active, the consumer communal and the adventurous. 30.5% of female consumer was the digital lifestyle who are relatively older and highly educated, of high income and expense rate, and resident in Gangnam. The preferred sensations by female consumer were 5; reasonal, feminine, conspicuous, active, and modest, and the clusters according to the sensations were 5: the casual, the status-symbolism, the rich in contents, the romantist, and the elegance. Lifestyle and preferred sensations were so related that the no-concern satisfied were the status-symbolism and the romantist, while the digital were the richness of contents and the adventurous were the romantist.

• 간호행정학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.83-96
• /
• 2000

With the increased use of computers in medical fields, we can consider introducing computer mediated communication into the area of patient care such as medical or health counseling and education. But little was known about what problems can be counseled, what is the main direction of counseling, and what difficulties are met during the computer mediated counseling. So I conducted this study. This is a fundamental study concerning the health counseling by the inter-net. In this study, medical counseling using a method of questioning -answering through a computer mediated communication system was carried out from June 1998 to May 1999. I analyzed the contents of questions and answers by the ICPC classification. The ICPC classification emerged as a standard for information categorization in Primary Health Care within a few years. One of the most prominent features of this classification is the inclusion of the complaints of the patients (symptoms & complaints) and the social problems (Chapter Z). Thus, and for the first time, the demand of patients may be assessed such as it is expressed in the reality. The ICPC list is now an international standard whose validity is not questioned any more. It is translated in more than twenty different languages. The data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistical method, c2 test by cross tabulations. Followings are the results of this study. 1. The 3,054 users composed of 64% of males and 36% of females. The highest number of users was showed in the age group of $25{\sim}29$ (39.4%). 2. During the one-year period, the average number of counseling per user was 2.5 cases and per day was 21.1 cases. 3. In classifying symptoms and complaints by 17 chapter, digestive(17.6%), general and unspecified (12.7%), skin(12.7%) and musculoskeletal system (9.6%) were most common questions. 4. The distribution of diagnosis by 17 chapter, general and unspecified (21.4%), digestive (15.3%), skin (11.9%) and mus- culoskeletal system (8.9%) were most common answers. 5. Many users wanted to know symptoms and complaints(3,609 cases), treatment principles (2,928 cases), prognosis and preventive methods for health problems which were previously diagnosed (284 cases).

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.69-84
• /
• 2021

This study aims to understand the concept of 'ruralism' in Korea by comparing with 'rurality' which were dealt with in various fields related to rural areas in Korea. This study conducted a systematic literature review as a methodology. The process is defining key questions, searching for documents, classifying documents, extracting data, and presenting results. The key questions were set to 'How has the term 'ruralism' been used in various studies?' and 'How can the concept of rurality in Korea be organized?' according to the purpose of the study. The study retrieved literature by searching on Korean academic database, RISS and DBpia, using the five keywords '농촌성', '농촌다움', '농촌다운', 'Rurality,' and 'Ruralism.' The search yielded 1,014 documents which were thereafter screened by systematic literature review process. After sifting, only 31 publications were found suitable for inclusion in the final analysis. This study organized them into four categories: rural concept, rural landscape, rural tourism, and rural development. The literature divided into four types. Type I is a study that deals only with economy·society among studies related to rurality, Type II is a study that deals with both the economic·social and physical environment, Type III is a study that deals with the physical environment of a rural area and presents the rural planning principle as maintenance and preservation. Finally, Type IV is a study that presents ruralism as a new rural planning principle for a future rural area. In the end, the study discussed some implications on defining ruralism in Korea.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.63-72
• /
• 2022

Objectives: This study was conducted to prepare basic data to propose the necessity and utilization of oral welfare products in the welfare services of the long-term care insurance system, focusing on facility workers working in elderly facilities. Methods: The analysis was conducted on 144 workers working at some local elderly facilities. The questionnaire was constructed by classifying the use of oral welfare tools into 6 questions and the necessity and demand for oral welfare devices into 13 questions. Frequency analysis and technical analysis were performed for data analysis, and one-way ANOVA was performed for differences in the necessity and demand for oral welfare equipment. The statistical significance level was p<0.05. Results: As a result of examining the awareness of the necessity and demand for oral welfare equipment among workers in elderly facilities, the awareness of the necessity of including oral welfare equipment in the items of welfare equipment in the current long-term care insurance system was high at 4.15 points. As a result of analyzing the correlation between awareness of care products and the need and demand for oral welfare equipment, it was confirmed that there was a statistically significant positive correlation (p<0.01). Conclusions: In the long-term care insurance system for the elderly, oral welfare products need to be considered for welfare equipment services. The provision of oral welfare products within the long-term care insurance system for the elderly can provide opportunities and services to select various self-care tools. In addition, it is expected that it will be possible to promote changes in the long-term care insurance system for the elderly and to improve the system in a variety of positive ways.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.207-219
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 영재를 위한 교육 자료 개발을 위해 다이어볼릭 큐브의 특징에 대해 탐구하고, 영재들에게 제공할 수 있는 문제 상황에 따른 다이어볼릭 큐브 활용의 구체적인 예를 제시하였다. 다이어볼릭 큐브는 모든 조각이 평편한 조각으로 구성되어 있어 평면구성 활동과 입체구성 활동이 모두 가능하다. 조각의 선택에서는 사용가능한 조각들의 조합을 모두 찾은 후 포함-배제 방법을 사용하여 시행착오를 줄이는 분석적인 접근으로, 1개 이상의 답이 있는 문제에서 모든 답을 찾을 수 있고, 가장 많은 답을 갖는 모양 찾기와 개방형 문제를 해결할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 제시한 활동의 예를 이용하여 영재들에게 제공할 수 있는 학습 자료와 교사의 발문, 그리고 학생에게 제기할 수 있는 문제 등을 조직할 수 있고, 이를 바탕으로 학생들의 수준이나 요구 수업의 목표나 목적 등에 따라 단계적으로 계획을 수립하여 수업에 활용할 수 있다.