• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.17-30
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• 2009

This study is to improve the quality of online reference service which is serviced in the world. For this it suggests the strategic methods for collecting and connecting of internet information resources. It makes information service circumstance for professional librarians to retrieve and service. To achieve the purpose, this study have drawn implications by analysing the theoretical discussions and the cases of online reference resources system. This study suggests some strategies as follows; 1) Collaborative constructing and using of online reference resources, 2) Developing classification scheme and subdividing the subjects of it, 3) Developing the standard format of the data as like metadata, 4) Developing the guidelines to select the proper resources from many internet information resources, 5) Subdividing the 'knowledge DB' by subjects, 6) Connecting as much as possible the DBs as like the National DB and open access resources.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.319-331
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• 2016

This study explores the signal characteristics for different averaging intervals and defines representative verticies for each observatory by criterion of percent rate and variance. The shorter averaging interval shows the higher frequency variation, though the lower percent rate. In the tidal currents, we could hardly find the differences between 60-minute and 20-minute averaging. The newly defined criterion improves reliability of HF-radar data compared with the present reference which deselects the half by percent rate.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.2 s.18
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• pp.181-193
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• 2004

A life cycle cost analysis model for public water supply systems should be different from the ones for other civil and architectural facilities as the operation and the maintenance cost of the water supply systems mainly come from the various mechanical systems and the pipeline systems of the collecting/treating/distributing facilities. This paper presents a cost classification scheme and a probabilistic life cycle cost analysis (PLCCA) model for public water supply systems. A value analysis (VA) procedure that is well suited for practical purposes is also presented. The presented probabilistic life cycle model and the value analysis procedure were applied to a real world project, and this case study is discussed in the paper. The model and the procedure presented in this study can greatly contribute to the value-oriented design alternative selection, the estimation of the maintenance cost, and the allocation of budget for water supply system construction projects.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.241-263
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• 2009

This paper explores the impacts of ownership structure on performance of listed firms in China using 1994-2002 data. Using a new ownership classification scheme, this paper analyzes the impact of three factors, the ownership identity, equity ownership by the controlling shareholder, and equity ownership by the minority shareholders, on the performance of firms. Panel regression analysis shows that the firms controlled by the government are outperformed by firms controlled by private owners, supporting the hypothesis that the state pursues political objectives such as excess employment rather than profit maximization or the hypothesis that political interference by the Party or government may cause high political costs. Regression results also show that higher equity ownership by the controlling shareholder improves firm performance in private controlled firms and partially in marketized corporate controlled firms. The results also show that higher equity ownership by relatively large shareholders (from top 2 to top 10 shareholders) leads to better performance in marketized corporate controlled firms and partially in private controlled firms.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.4 no.9
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• pp.283-288
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• 2015

Scientists gain benefits from on-demand scalable resource provisioning, and various computing environments by using cloud computing resources for their applications. However, many cloud computing service providers offer their cloud resources according to their own policies. The descriptions of resource specification are diverse among vendors. Subsequently, it becomes difficult to find suitable cloud resources according to the characteristics of an application. Due to limited understanding of resource availability, scientists tend to choose resources used in previous experiments or over-performed resources without considering the characteristics of their applications. The need for standardized notations on diverse cloud resources without the constraints of complicated specification given by providers leads to active studies on intercloud to support interoperability in hybrid cloud environments. However, projects related to intercloud studies are limited as they are short of expertise in application characteristics. We define an intercloud resource classification and propose semantic resource recommendation based on statistical analysis to provide semantic cloud resource services for an application in hybrid cloud computing environments. The scheme proves benefits on resource availability and cost-efficiency with choosing semantically similar cloud resources using cluster analysis while considering application characteristics.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.285-291
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• 2016

Safety assessment is an essential activity for developing a system in the CNS/ATM domain. Up to now, there are many reference materials, but there is nothing that definitely specifies what to do and how to apply in the CNS/ATM. Another problem is that software assurance level has to be determined for a software under development. But there is nothing that defines a determination scheme of software assurance level. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a method to conduct a hazard assessment based on target level of safety defined in ICAO Doc 9689. To be applied generally in CNS/ATM domain, it mathematically defines procedures of hazard assessment. And it defines severity classification, probability, and safety objective of a system, which are necessary for hazard assessment, and it describes a method to apply event tree analysis process in order to conduct a hazard assessment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.373-397
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• 2019

Recent disasters are a complex and growing trend. In order to effectively prepare for and respond to disasters that occur without notice, it is very important to use scientific information related to disaster and safety in addition to the standardized disaster safety information that is used. In this paper, we searched and selected major journals in the field of disaster & safety and conducted various network analysis studies using the classification scheme for development of integrated metadata for disaster & safety information developed through Disaster & Safety Information Sharing Platform R&D project as well as KSCD. Also, we have constructed and analyzed citation network, co-authorship network and keyword network through data identification and preprocessing of research paper contents. As a result of this study, based on the network constructed by information analysis unit, the network structure between core domestic and foreign journals, major research institutes, core keywords and individual information by disaster & safety type was identified in detail, and the analysis results were presented on a case-by-case basis.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.3C
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• pp.125-132
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• 2005

This paper describes a computer vision system based on active IR illumination for real-time gaze discrimination system. Unlike most of the existing gaze discrimination techniques, which often require assuming a static head to work well and require a cumbersome calibration process for each person, our gaze discrimination system can perform robust and accurate gaze estimation without calibration and under rather significant head movement. This is made possible by a new gaze calibration procedure that identifies the mapping from pupil parameters to screen coordinates using generalized regression neural networks (GRNNs). With GRNNs, the mapping does not have to be an analytical function and head movement is explicitly accounted for by the gaze mapping function. Futhermore, the mapping function can generalize to other individuals not used in the training. To further improve the gaze estimation accuracy, we employ a reclassification scheme that deals with the classes that tend to be misclassified. This leads to a 10% improvement in classification error. The angular gaze accuracy is about 5°horizontally and 8°vertically. The effectiveness of our gaze tracker is demonstrated by experiments that involve gaze-contingent interactive graphic display.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.322-329
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• 2005

This paper describes a computer vision system based on active IR illumination for real-time gaze discrimination system. Unlike most of the existing gaze discrimination techniques, which often require assuming a static head to work well and require a cumbersome calibration process for each person, our gaze discrimination system can perform robust and accurate gaze estimation without calibration and under rather significant head movement. This is made possible by a new gaze calibration procedure that identifies the mapping from pupil parameters to screen coordinates using generalized regression neural networks (GRNNS). With GRNNS, the mapping does not have to be an analytical function and head movement is explicitly accounted for by the gaze mapping function. furthermore, the mapping function can generalize to other individuals not used in the training. To further improve the gaze estimation accuracy, we employ a reclassification scheme that deals with the classes that tend to be misclassified. This leads to a 10$\%$ improvement in classification error. The angular gaze accuracy is about $5^{circ}$horizontally and $8^{circ}$vertically. The effectiveness of our gaze tracker is demonstrated by experiments that involve gaze-contingent interactive graphic display.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.11
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• pp.1011-1020
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• 2018

This study aims to develop a drought monitoring scheme based on groundwater which can be exploit for water supply under drought stress. In this context, groundwater level can be used as a proxy for better understanding the temporal evolution of drought state. First, kernel density estimator is presented in the monthly groundwater level over the entire national groundwater stations. The estimated cumulative distribution function is then utilized to map the monthly groundwater level into the standardized groundwater level index (SGI). The SGI for each station was eventually converted into the index for major cities through the Thiessen polygon approach. We provide a drought classification for a given SGI to better characterize the degree of drought condition. Ultimately, we conclude that the proposed monitoring framework enables a more reliable estimation of the drought stress, especially for a limited water supply area.