• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.939-954
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• 2013

The Direct Torque Control (DTC) technique for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) is receiving increased attention due to its simplicity and robust dynamic response when compared with other control techniques. The classical switching table based DTC results in large flux and torque ripples in the motors. Several studies have been reported in the literature on classical DTC. However, there are only limited studies that actually discuss or evaluate the classical DTC. This paper proposes, novel switching table / DTC methods for PMSMs to reduce torque ripples. In this paper, two DTC schemes are proposed. The six sector and twelve sector methodology is considered in DTC scheme I and DTC scheme II, respectively. In both DTC schemes a simple modification is made to the classical DTC structure. The two level inverter available in the classical DTC is eliminated by replacing it with a three level Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) inverter. To further improve the performance of the proposed DTC scheme I, the available 27 voltage vectors are allowed to form different groups of voltage vectors such as Large - Zero (LZ), Medium - Zero (MZ) and Small - Zero (SZ), where as in DTC scheme II, all of the voltage vectors are considered to form a switching table. Based on these groups, a novel switching table is proposed. The proposed DTC schemes are comparatively investigated with the classical DTC and existing literatures through theory analysis and computer simulations. The superiority of the proposed DTC method is also confirmed by experimental results. It can be observed that the proposed techniques can significantly reduces the torque ripples and improves the quality of current waveform when compared with traditional and existing methods.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.398-410
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• 2011

Over the past few decades, our understanding of the epidemiology and immunopathogenesis of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has made enormous advances. Consequently, the treatment of HL has changed significantly, rendering this disease of the most curable human cancers. To date, about 80% of patients achieve long-term disease-free survival. However, therapeutic challenges still remain, particularly regarding the salvage strategies for relapsed and refractory disease, which need further identification of better prognostic markers and novel therapeutic schemes. Although the precise molecular mechanism by which Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) contributes to the generation of malignant cells present in HL still remains unknown, current increasing data on the role of EBV in the pathobiology of HL have encouraged people to start developing novel and specific therapeutic strategies for EBV-associated HL. This review will provide an overview of therapeutic approaches for acute EBV infection and the classical form of HL (cHL), especially focusing on EBV-associated HL cases.

• 고전문학과교육
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• 제33호
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• pp.45-82
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• 2016

수업은 교사와 학생의 교육적 만남을 매개(媒介)하는 학교 교육의 핵심적인 현상으로, 교과교육 연구의 중요한 대상이다. 교실 수업은 학교 교육에 기대하는 많은 것을 함축하고 있는 장면이기 때문에, 이러한 교실 수업현상이나 교사의 수업 행위를 깊이 있게 이해하고 해석할 수 있는 이론이자 방법으로서 수업 비평은 긴요하다. 이에 본 연구는 고전문학교육 연구의 지평을 수업 현상에 대한 실제적이고 경험적인 연구로 확장해 나가기 위한 시도로 고전소설 수업에 대한 수업 비평을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 수업 비평의 텍스트로 삼은 고전소설 수업은 교과서의 작품에 대한 분석적 독해를 주로 하는 전형적인 고전소설 수업이었다. 그럼에도 교사는 고전소설에 대한 학생들의 막연한 거부감을 공감으로 전환시키면서, 작품을 감상하고 내면화할 수 있도록 이끌어 나가는 모습을 보였다. 자칫훈고주석에 치우칠 수밖에 없는 고전소설 수업에서 학생들의 공감과 반응이 들려올 수 있었던 데에는 작품에 대한 교사의 안목과 경험, 문학교육적 지식과 방법 등이 작품을 읽어 나가는 수업 전반에 투영되었기 때문이다. 특히 비교적 많은 시간을 할애하며 교사가 직접 작품의 서사를 구연(口演)해 나간 것은 고전소설 수업으로서의 그 가치와 의미를 여실히 드러낸 것으로 볼 수 있다. 이러한 수업 비평의 관점에 터해, 다기(多岐)한 장면으로 펼쳐지는 고전소설 수업의 실제 사례를 수집하고, 그 의미를 읽어내려는 시도가 거듭되어야 한다. 수업 비평과 같은, 수업 현상을 기반으로 하는 연구를 통해 고전문학교육에 대한 새로운 성찰과 발견이 가능해질 것이다.

• 동양고전연구
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• 제43호
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• pp.65-92
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• 2011

본고에서는 <전우치전> 경판본 계열 중 선본으로 볼 수 있는 한국학중앙연구원 소장본을 중심으로 <전우치전>이 갖는 교육적 가치를 살펴보고, <전우치전>을 가지고 학생들에게 어떠한 방법으로 가르칠 것인가 하는 활용방안에 대해서 알아보았다. <전우치전>이 갖는 교육적 가치로 "민중의 원한 해소, 과욕의 징치, 효와 충, 그리고 불충의 대립"을 들어 설명하였다. 그리고 교육의 활용방안으로는 브레인스토밍과 논증/논술 방법을 예로 들었다. 시대가 바뀌면서 고소설에 대한 인식을 고정적으로 가질 수는 없다. 현재를 살아가는 학생들에게 전 시대의 작품을 어떠한 방식으로 가르치고 설명할 것인지를 생각해 보았다. 그리고 학생들은 자신이 가진 생각을 어떻게 조리 있게 글로 쓸 수 있을까를 고민했다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2023년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.377-379
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• 2023

Concept drift detection on data stream is the major issue to maintain the performance of the machine learning model. Since the online stream is to be a function of time, the classical statistic methods are hard to apply. In particular case of seasonal time series, a novel window strategy with Fourier analysis however, gives a chance to adapt the classical methods on the series. We explore the KS-test for an adaptation of the periodic time series and show that this strategy handles a complicate time series as an ordinary tabular dataset. We verify that the detection with the strategy takes the second place in time delay and shows the best performance in false alarm rate and detection accuracy comparing to that of arbitrary window sizes.

• Architectural research
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to reconsider and revaluate Ste. Genevieve Library designed by Henri Labrouste as a criticism of Classicism. Considered as the epitome of the early structural Rationalism the modern historian tried to focus only on the iron structure of the library. Arguably, the structural concern was one of the ideas that the architect wanted to manifest in the library. As a rebel against a view of the Acad$\acute{e}$mie des Beaux-Art the notions of H. Labrouste were radical. He criticized an autistic Classicism with an echoing Claude Perrault's doubt about the myth of classical beauty. These radical ideas firstly showed in his report of the Grand Prix de Rome and must have been developed through several discussions for a novel: Notre-Dame de Paris by V. Hugo. 'Ceci tuera cela', one of the chapter of the novel, was generally known as the death of architecture due to the invention of the printing press around Renaissance period. We, however, consider that even though the historical background of the novel is the Gothic period the ideas, which was discussed with Labrouste, related to the death of architecture was not the architecture itself but classical architecture recomposed during Renaissance period. As the first design work the library must be reflected his ideas, which were developed, and manifested his criticism of the Classicism indirectly.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.369-374
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• 2011

MHC-I molecules play a critical role in immune surveillance against viruses by presenting peptides to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Although the mechanisms by which MHC-I molecules assemble and acquire peptides in the ER are well characterized, how MHC-I molecules traffic to the cell surface remains poorly understood. To identify novel proteins that regulate the intracellular transport of MHC-I molecules, MHC-I-interacting proteins were isolated by affinity purification, and their identity was determined by mass spectrometry. Among the identified MHC-I-associated proteins was Tmp21, the human ortholog of yeast Emp24p, which mediates the ER-Golgi trafficking of a subset of proteins. Here, we show that Tmp21 binds to human classical and non-classical MHC-I molecules. The Tmp21-MHC-I complex lacks ${\beta}_2$-microglobulin, and the number of the complexes is increased when free MHC-I heavy chains are more abundant. Taken together, these results suggest that Tmp21 is a novel protein that preferentially binds to ${\beta}_2$-microglobulin-free MHC-I heavy chains.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권9호
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• pp.579-583
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• 2010

The adipocyte-derived hormone leptin regulates appetite and bone mass. Recent research demonstrates that reciprocally, osteoblasts have a role in controlling energy metabolism. Several genes expressed in osteoblasts are involved in this process, and one of them is the Esp gene. The remaining genes regulate Esp gene expression. OST-PTP, the protein name of Esp, regulates the carboxylation of osteocalcin secreted from osteoblasts, thus affecting insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. This review provides evidence for a novel interpretation of the connection between bone and energy metabolism and expands our understanding of the novel physiology of bone beyond its classical functions.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.464-468
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• 2006

Novel phenyl branched apiosyl nucleosides were synthesized in this study. The introduction of phenyl group in the 4'-position was accomplished by a [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement. Apiosyl sugar moiety was constructed by sequential ozonolysis and reductions. The natural bases (cytosine and adenine) were efficiently coupled with an apiosyl sugar by classical glycosyl condensation procedure (persilyated base and TMSOTf). The antiviral activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against the HIV-1, HSV-1, HSV-2 and HCMV.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.154-161
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• 2015

A novel process has successfully been developed by overcoming major difficulties through the elimination of number of process steps involved in the Classical Transesterification reaction during the preparation of Fatty Acid Methyl/Ethyl Ester (FAME.FAEE) called biodiesel. The Classical process with cost intensive process steps such as the utilization of excess alcohol, needing downstream distillation for the recovery and reutilization of excess alcohol/cosolvent, unrecoverable homogenous catalyst which consumes vast quantity of fresh distilled water during the purification of the product and downstream waste water treatment before its safe disposal to the surface water body. The Novel Process FAME/FAEE is produced from any vegetable oil irrespective of edible or inedible variety using sonication energy. The novelty of the finding is the use of only theoretical quantity of alcohol along with a co-solvent and reduced quantity of homogeneous catalyst. Under this condition neither the homogeneous catalyst goes to the FAME layer nor is the distillation needed. The same ester also has been prepared in high pressure high temperature reactor without using catalyst at sub critical temperature. The quality of prepared biodiesel without involving any purification step meets the ASTM standards. Blended Biodiesel with Common Diesel Fuel (CDF) and FAME is prepared, characterized and used as fuel in the Kirloskar make CI Engines. The evaluation of the engine performance result of pure CDF, B05 biodiesel, B10 biodiesel of all types of biodiesel prepared by using the feedstock of Soybean (Glycine max) and Karanja (Pongamia pinnate) oil along with their mixed oil provides useful information such as brake power, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, etc, and established it as ideal fuel for unmodified CI engine.