• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 1999년도 KOBA 방송기술 워크샵 KOBA Broadcasting Technology Workshop
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• pp.97.1-102
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• 1999

This paper porposes and efficient coding scheme for remote medical communication systems, or“telemedicine systems”. These systems require a technique which is able to transfer large volume of data such as X-ray images effectively. We have already developed a hierarchical image coding and transmission scheme (HITS), which achieves an efficient transmission of medical images simply[1]. In this paper, a new coding scheme for HITS is proposed, which used hierarchical context modeling for the purpose of improving the coding efficiency. The hierarchical context modeling divides wavelet coefficients into several sets by the value of a correspondent coefficient in their higher class, or“a parent”, optimizes a Golomb-Rice (GR) code parameter in each set, and then encodes the coefficients with the parameter. Computer simulation shows that the proposed scheme is effective with simple implementation. This is due to fact that a wavelet coefficient has dependence on its parent. As a result, high speed data transmission is achieved even if the telemedicine system consists of simple personal computers.

• 천문학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.111-121
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• 2002

We have measured the correlation functions of the optically selected clusters of galaxies in the Abell and the APM catalogs, and of the X-ray clusters in the X-ray-Brightest Abell-type Clusters of galaxies (XBACs) catalog and the Brightest Clusters Sample (BCS). The same analysis method and the same method of characterizing the resulting correlation functions are applied to all observational samples. We have found that the amplitude of the correlation function of the APM clusters is much higher than what has been previously claimed, in particular for richer subsamples. The correlation length of the APM clusters with the richness R $\ge$ 70 (as defined by the APM team) is found to be $r_0 = 25.4_{-3.0}^{+3.1}\;h^{-1}$ Mpc. The amplitude of correlation function is about 2.4 times higher than that of Croft et al. (1997). The correlation lengths of the Abell clusters with the richness class RC $\ge$ 0 and 1 are measured to be $r_0 = 17.4_{-1.1}^{+1.2}$ and $21.0_{-2.8}^{+2.8}\;h^{-1}$ Mpc, respectively, which is consistent with our results for the APM sample at the similar level of richness. The richness dependence of cluster correlations is found to be $r_0= 0.40d_c + 3.2$ where $d_c$ is the mean intercluster separation. This is identical in slope with the Bahcall & West (1992)'s estimate, but is inconsistent with the weak dependence of Croft et al. (1997). The X-ray bright Abell clusters in the XBACs catalog and the X-ray selected clusters in the BCS catalog show strong clustering. The correlation length of the XBACs clusters with $L_x {\ge}0.65{\times} 10^{44}\;h^{-2}erg\;s^{-1}$ is $30.3_{-6.5}^{+8.2}\;h^{-1}$ Mpc, and that of the BCS clusters with $L_x {\ge}0.70{\times} 10^{44}\;h^{-2}erg\;s^{-1}$ is $30.2_{-8.9}^{+9.8}\;h^{-1}$ Mpc. The clustering strength of the X-ray clusters is much weaker than what is expected from the optical clusters.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.102-110
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• 1999

Objectives : The alcohol dependence in elderly people has been prevalent because of increase in geriatric population. However, it is difficult to find out alcohol dependence in the aged, because they have less specific clinical features as compared with adult alcoholics. The aims of this study were to screen alcohol dependence among elderly Koreans and to know the clinical characteristics of Korean delerly alcoholics. Methods : The questionnaires translated into Korean such as Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test(MAST-K), the Brief MAST and the MAST-Geriatirc Version (MAST-KG) were used to screen alcohol dependence in the elderly alcoholic inpatients aged over 60(N=43), adult alcoholic inpatients within 20-59 Yrs of age(N=60), which were compared with age matched normal healthy aged(N=18) or adult controls(N=45). The demographic data such as sex, age, education, occupation, socioeconomic status, marital status, numbers of children, dwelling and religion as well as alcohol history such as duration of alcohol drinking, onset age, family history, impulsivity, somatic illness and motivation were also obtained to identify characteristic features of Korean aged alcoholics by structured interviews. Results : 1) The aged alcoholics had the charateristic features of more in males, lower age, low education levels, more in blue-collar workers, lower socioeconomic class, more in single, few babies, more living alone, having no religion without statistical significance. 2) The onset age of alcohol dependence was significantly higher in the aged alcoholics($45.3{\pm}13.6Yrs$) than in the adult alcoholics($27.7{\pm}8.7Yrs$)(p<0.0001). The duration of problematic alcohol drinking was significantly longer in the aged alcoholics($22.0{\pm}15.1Yrs$) than in adult alcoholics($14.2{\pm}8.4Yrs$)(p<0.01). Otherwise, there were no significant difference between aged and adult alcoholics in the family history, imulsivity, somatic illness and motivation. 3) The mean score of the MAST-K was significantly higher in the aged alcoholics($20.6{\pm}5.4$) than in the normal aged($6.7{\pm}4.4$)(p<0.0001), which was significantly lower than in the adult alcoholics($26.2{\pm}8.0$) and in normal adult controls($9.5{\pm}3.2$)(p<0.05). The mean score of the Brief MAST was significantly lower in the aged alcoholics($9.3{\pm}3.5$) than in the adult alcoholics($14.5{\pm}6.6$)(p<0.0001). The mean score of the MAST-KG was significantly higher in the aged alcoholics($10.6{\pm}3.5$) than in the normal aged($4.8{\pm}4.3$)(p<0.0001). The former was significantly lower than in the adult alcoholics($12.9{\pm}4.3$)(p<0.005), and the mean score was $4.5{\pm}2.8$ in normal adult controls. 4) The items which showed statistically significant differences between aged alcoholics and normal aged controls could be found in 10 items of the MAST-K(items 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 14, 17, 21, 22 and 23), 2 items of the Brief MAST(items 2 and 9), and 7 items of the MAST-KG(items 6, 13, 18, 19, 22, 23 and 24)(p<0.01). Conclusions : The scores of the MAST-K, the Brief MAST and the MAST-KG were significantly lower in the aged alcoholics than those in the adult alcoholics (p<0.05). The statistically significant differences between aged alcoholics and normal aged controls could be found in 10 items of the MAST-K, 2 items of the Brief MAST and 7 items of the MAST-KG. Therefore, a briefer rating scales around 10 items are needed to screen alcohol dependence among Korean elderly people.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.82-92
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• 2007

이 연구에서는 주단위 보고서를 활용한 질문 촉진 수업에서 상호동료교수 전략 및 장독립성-장의 존성의 영향을 조사하였다. 중학교 1학년 152명을 주단위 보고서(WR) 집단과 주단위 보고서-상호동료교수 전략(WR-RPT) 집단으로 배치한 후, ‘물질의 세 가지 상태', ‘분자의 운동', ‘상태 변화와 에너지' 단원에 대해 총 18차시 동안 수업을 실시하였다. 이 기간 동안 두 집단의 학생들은 주단위 보고서를 총 6회 작성하였으며, WR-RPT 집단의 학생들은 주단위 보고서에서 만든 질문들을 상호동료교수 활동을 통해 해결하는 활동도 하였다. 연구 결과, 학생들의 장독립성-장의존성에 관계없이 개념 이해도 검사에서 WR-RPT 집단의 점수가 WR 집단의 점수보다 통계적으로 유의미한 차이로 높았다. 학업 성취도 검사에서는 장의존적인 학생들의 경우 WR-RPT 집단의 점수가 WR 집단의 점수보다 통계적으로 유의미한 차이로 높았으나, 장독립적인 학생들의 경우에는 두 집단 간 점수 차이가 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 또한, 두 집단에서 모두 장의존적인 학생들보다 장독립적인 학생들의 개념 이해도 및 학업 성취도 검사 점수가 통계적으로 유의미한 차이로 높았다. 많은 학생들, 특히 장의존적인 학생들보다 장독립적인 학생들이 WR-RPT에 대해 긍정적으로 인식하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제33권5B호
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• pp.344-355
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 차등서비스 망의 성능 평가 문제를 다룬다. 성공적인 성능 평가를 위하여 적절한 트래픽 모델에 의하여 네트워크상의 실제 트래픽을 정확히 나타낼 수 있는 능력이 필수 요소이다. 실제 트래픽 측정의 성질에 대한 많은 연구 결과는 웹과 텔넷, P2P 트래픽을 포함하여 인터넷 트래픽에 대한 장기간-의존성을 증명하였다. 장기간 의존성은 자기유사성에 의하여 효과적으로 표현될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 중첩된 On-Off 소스 모델, FFT-FGN 모델과 RMD 모델에 대한 특성 분석을 기반으로, 중첩된 On-Off 소스 모델을 이용하여 자기유사트래픽 발생기를 설계하고 구현한다. 생성된 트래픽의 자기유사성은 TCPdump 데이터의 패킷 도착 간격을 조사하여 확인하였다. 또한 구현된 트래픽 발생기를 차등서비스 망의 성능평가에 적용하여 On/Off 모델의 $\alpha$ 값에 대한 성능이 영향과, CBQ(Class-Based Queueing)에 의한 EF(Expedited Forwarding)/BE(Best Effort) 클래스 트래픽의 성능을 관찰한다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.467-479
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• 2009

The high-tech computer technology developments have greatly affected the area of design education. Starting from the mid 80s, innovations in visual presentation methods have heightened with 2D computer graphic programs, CAD & 3D modeling, and Rapid Prototype that allows dimensional generation. The specialty and quality in design studio education have advanced due to the development in presentation methods such as Power Point and Keynote. But there are many problems with the current method of presenting the visual outcome in a data format using beam projectors, which is a vertical presenting method compared to the old studio study method of conducting discussions and reviews based on the substantial outcome. The essence of studio study that allows for comparisons and analysis by horizontally opening up the various work outcomes is being offset. Also the requirement for manual idea sketching work that plays an important role in the initial design phase continuing to decrease due to the digital working process dependence and cumbersome procedures in the presentation. In order to resolve this problem, the CALM system (Class Applied LCD Modular System) has been developed that replaces the method of attaching the sketches or renderings on the wall with a digital multi-display system. In a nutshell, individuals will upload the outcomes online and display them on the CALM system studio that is composed of 32 LCD (Columns: 4 $\times$ Rows: 8) monitors that are 19 inches in size so that various personnel can openly study the design outcomes. Also the central 42 inch PDP monitor that offers touch pad capability allows each design outcome to be described and examined by expanding. The concept phase of this development process has elevated to the production of an operating prototype that is being reviewed of its practicality. It is considered that the development of this system will decrease the extreme tendency of depending on digital operation but achieve revitalization of a more realistic and opened studio study environment compared to the individual consulting method of the old study approach.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
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• 한국우주과학회 2010년도 한국우주과학회보 제19권1호
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• pp.38.2-38.2
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• 2010

We have examined the occurrence probability of solar proton events (SPEs) and their peak fluxes depending three flare parameters (X-ray peak flux, longitude, and impulsive time). For this we used NOAA SPEs from 1976 to 2006, and their associated X-ray flare data. As a result, we selected 166 proton events that were associated with major flares; 85 events associated with X-class flares and 81 events associated with M-class flares. Especially the occurrence probability strongly depends on these three parameters. In addition, the relationship between X-ray flare peak flux and proton peak flux as well as its correlation coefficient are strongly dependent on longitude and impulsive time. Among NOAA SPEs from 1997 to 2006, most of the events are related to both flares and CMEs but a few fraction of events (5/93) are only related with CMEs. We carefully identified the sources of these events using LASCO CME catalog and SOHO MDI data. Specifically, we examined the directions of CMEs related with the events and the history of active regions. As a result, we were able to determine active regions which are likely to produce SPEs without ambiguity as well as their longitudes at the time of SPEs by considering solar rotation rate. From this study, we found that the longitudes of five active regions are all between $90^{\circ}W$ and $120^{\circ}W$. When the flare peak time is assume to be the CME event time, we confirmed that the dependence of their rise times (proton peak time - flare peak time) on longitude are consistent with the previous empirical formula. These results imply that five events should be also associated with flares which were not observed because they occurred from back-side. Now we are examining the occurrence probability of SPEs depending on CME parameters. Finally, we will discuss the future prospects on the development of an empirical SPE forecast model based on the information of flares and CMEs.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.577-592
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• 1996

우리나라 대도시 어디에서나 볼 수 있는 빈민지역이 어떻게 형성되었으며 도시내에서 어떻게 공간이동을 하였는가를 알기 위하여 대구를 사례로하여 고찰하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 대구의 빈민형성은 해방 및 6.25 동란을 겪으면서 그 수가 증대되어 1차적으로 도심가까이에 빈민지역을 형성하였고 그 후 도시와의 진전에 따라 도시주변지역의 무단점거에 의한 2차적 빈민지역이 형성되었다. 2) 최근에서 도시재개발사업에 환경이 개선되어 일반거주지역으로 전환되었거나 혹은 대규모 아파트단지가 건립되어 저소득층은 그 곳에 거주하지 못하고 도시근교의 영구 및 임대아파트 단지내에 대규모로 집단화하여 거주지의 수평적 이동이 이루어지게 되었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.1703-1706
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• 2012

Rice blast is the most serious disease of rice due to its harmfulness and its world wide distribution. $Magnaporthe$ $grisea$ is the cause of rice blast disease and destroys rice enough to feed several tens of millions of people each year. Fungicides are commonly used to control rice blast. But $M.$ $grisea$ acquires resistance to chemical treatments by genetic mutations. 2-Phenylimino-1,3-thiazolines were proposed as a novel class of fungicides against $M.$ $grisea$ in the previous study. To develop compounds with a higher biological activity, a new series of 2-phenylimino-1,3-thiazolines was synthesized and its fungicidal activity was determined against $M.$ $grisea$. The QSAR analysis was carried out on a series of 2-phenylimino-1,3-thiazolines. The QSAR results showed the dependence of fungicidal activity on the structural and physicochemical features of 2-phenylimino-1,3-thiazolines. Our results could be used as guidelines for the study of the mode of action and further design of optimal fungicides.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2011년도 한국컴퓨터종합학술대회논문집 Vol.38 No.1(A)
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• pp.255-258
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• 2011

An application of Gammatone auditory filterbank for emotion recognition from speech is described in this paper. Gammatone filterbank is a bank of Gammatone filters which are used as a preprocessing stage before applying feature extraction methods to get the most relevant features for emotion recognition from speech. In the feature extraction step, the energy value of output signal of each filter is computed and combined with other of all filters to produce a feature vector for the learning step. A feature vector is estimated in a short time period of input speech signal to take the advantage of dependence on time domain. Finally, in the learning step, Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is used to create a model for each emotion class and recognize a particular input emotional speech. In the experiment, feature extraction based on Gammatone filterbank (GTF) shows the better outcomes in comparison with features based on Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) which is a well-known feature extraction for speech recognition as well as emotion recognition from speech.