• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2009

Ring chromosome occurs when both telomeres of a chromosome are lost and the remaining portion of the chromosome circularizes to re-establish chromosome stability. This abnormal structure shows mitotic instability unlike the normal chromosomes, causing problems during mitosis. Here, we report one case of "chromosome 4 ring syndrome" on a 6-month-old male patient with growth retardation. Ring chromosome, monosomy, dicentric chromosome were shown by conventional chromosome analysis using peripheral blood. Peripheral blood was used and incubated for 72 hours for chromosome analysis. 3 probes (LSI WHS SpectrumOrange/CEP 4 SpectrumGreen, 4p subtelomere probe, 4q subtelomere probe) were used to detect the origin and breakpoint of ring chromosome 4 by FISH (fluorescense in situ hybridization) technique.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.83-87
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• 1985

This experiment was carried out to identify the chromosomes of silkie. It was many difference from other breeds in morphology and characteristics. In this experiment, chromosomal analysis was used early embryos. In aspect of morphological chromosomes, chromosomal size and shape are similar to other breeds. The chromosomes of silkie were shown to morphlogy as follows. They were identified that chromosome #l and #2 were grouped as submentacentric, ＃3, ＃5 and ＃6 were telocentric ＃4 and ＃7 were acrocentric and ＃8 was metacentric chromosome. Zㆍsex chromosome was shown 5th, W-sex chromosome was 8th to 9th and they were metacentric chromosome, respectively. Each chromosome through the G-banding was shown the 3 dark bands in 1 p2, distinct light band in 1p1, dark band in 2p2, broad light band in 3pl, dark band from centromere and distal part in 4th chromosome and dark band in 5pl. Z-sex chromosome was shown dark at p-arm distal part.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2004

본 연구는 소핵분석과 염색체 1번 및 4번의 DNA probe를 이용한 FISH 기법을 병행하여 방사선에 의한 소핵과 이수성에 관여하는 각 염색체의 감수성을 평가하고자 하였다. 방사선 선량에 따라 소핵의 빈도는 증가하였으며 염색체 1번과 4번의 이수성도 대조군, 1 Gy 및 2 Gy 에서 각각 2000개의 BN세포 당 9개, 47개 및 71개로 유의하게 증가하였다. 염색체 1번의 이수성 빈도는 4번에 비해 높게 관찰되었다. 염색체 1번 및 4번을 포함하는 소핵도 방사선의 선량에 따라 증가하였으며, 소핵내 염색체 1번의 포함빈도가 4번보다 높게 관찰되었다. 또한 방사선에 의한 소핵 중 낮은 빈도의 염색체 signal를 포함하는 소핵이 관찰됨으로써 방사선에 의한 소핵은 대부분 절단에 의한 것임을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구 결과 방사선은 이수성을 유도하며 이에 염색체가 다르게 관여할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.1193-1197
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• 2006

This study was to examine the variations of chromosome number and the ranges of variety in the suspension culture of ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) callus cell, and the effect of plant hormones for the chromosome aberration. Plant hormones added with MS medium in the suspension culture were 2,4-D, kinetin, and 2,4-D+kinetin and concentration of the plant hormones were $1000{\mu}M$ and $0.1\;{\mu}M$ respectively. As a result of these experiment the following conclusion has been obtained. Media contained with 2,4-D+kinetin in $10{\mu}M$ concentration was very effective in the suspension culture result from 26.4% mitosis frequency, and found the various variation of chromosome number. Variety of chromosome number was diversed ($9\sim110$), espicially frequency of hypohaploid and hyperhaploid cells were very higher than hyperdiploid cells. In this experiments, it is suggested that $10{\mu}M$ 2,4-D+kinetin added with medium in the suspension culture of ginseng callus was effect in the variations of chromosome number.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.545-552
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• 1996

Researches on chromosome are very significant in cytogenetics since a gene of the chromosome controls revelation of the inheritance plasma The human chromosome analysis is widely used to diagnose genetic disease and various congenital anomalies. Many researches on automated chromosome karyotype analysis has been carried out, some of which produced commercial systems. However, there still remains much room for improving the accuracy of chromosome classification. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for reconstruction of the chromosDme image to improve the chromosome classification accuracy. Morphological feature parameters are extracted from the reconstructed chromosome images. The reconstruction method from chromosome image is the 32 direction line algorithm. We extract three morphological feature parameters, centromeric index(C.I.), relative length ratio(R.L.), and relative area ratio(R.A.), by preprocessing ten human chromosDme images. The experimental results show that proposed algorithm is better than that of other researchers'comparing by feature parameter errors.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2001

본 연구는 염색체 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 9 및 21번 염색체의 DNA probe를 이용하여 2Gy의 방사선을 조사한 후 DNA 양을 감안한 기대치와 관찰치의 차이를 비교함으로서 각 염색체의 방사선에 대한 감수성을 평가하여 궁극적으로 방사선 피폭시 생물학적 선량계로서 FISH기법의 타당성을 평가하고자 하였다. 1번 및 4번 염색체의 경우 상호전좌와 이동원 염색체의 관찰치가 기대치보다 더 높게 나타났으며 이와 반대로 2, 7, 8 및 9번 염색체의 경우 상호전좌와 이동원염색체의 관찰치 모두 기대치보다 낮게 나타났다. 2번 및 4번 염색체의 경우 1번 염색체보다 더 많은 acentric fragment의 빈도를 나타내었다. 1, 2, 및 4번 염색체 3종을 조합했을 때 상호전좌의 경우 관찰치와 기대치는 세포 100개당 25.5 및 25.40으로 차이가 없었으며 이동원염색체의 경우 13.25 및 13.2로 역시 거의 차이가 없게 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구결과 방사선 피폭시 발생하는 염색체이상 빈도는 염색체마다 DNA 양에 비례해 나타나지 않을 수 있어 각 염색체마다 방사선 감수성에 차이가 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한 방사선 피폭시 생물학적 선량계로서 1, 2 및 4번을 동시에 관찰 할 경우 염색체 FISH 법을 활용하기 위하여 적절한 염색체 조합이라고 판단된다.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 1997

We observed the frequency of chromosome aberrations induced by UVB irradiations, and the suppressing effect of tannic acid on chromosome aberrations induced by UVB irradiations in CHL cells, which is a phenolic compound, a hydrolysate of tannin and a components of green tea. UVB doses used for the frequency of chromosome aberrations were from 0.2 to 1.6 KJ/m$^2$ and tannic acid concentrations were from 1.16 $\mu$g/ml to 37.50 $\mu$g/ml. For the observation of suppressing effect of tannic acid on UVB-induced chromosome aberrations, UVB dose was 1.6 KJ/m$^2$ and tannic acid concentrations were 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 $\mu$g/ml. In our study, tannic acid was treated for 24 hours in CHL, cells after UVB irradiation without S9 mix or for 6 hours with S9 mix. From this study, we obtained the following results : (1) The frequency of chromosome aberrations UVB induced were dose-dependently increased. (2) The tannic acid did not induce chromosome aberrations in cultured Chinese hamster cells. (3) UVB-induced chromosome aberrations were suppressed by tannic acid at every concentration from 1.0 $\mu$g/ml to 4.0 $\mu$g/ml with or without metabolic activation. These results suggest that the tannic acid acts as an inhibitor to UVB-induced clastogenicity of the cultured cell.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.90-96
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• 2002

Benzene is a widespread human carcinogen, inducing leukemia and hematotoxicity. Exposure to benzene metabolites has been shown to cause genetic damage, including aneusomy and chromosome aberrations. Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) procedure was used to determine if the benzene metabolite, 1, 2, 4-benzenetriol(BT), hydroquinone(HQ) and trans, trans-muconic acid(t,t-MA) induced specific chromosomal change in HL-60 cells. Treatment with BT, HQ and t,t-MA resulted in the induction of monosomy 8 and 21 in HL-60 cells in a dose-dependent manner. All of these metabolites also induced trisomy 8 and 21, but no correlation between frequencies of trisomy and concentration was found. Translocations between chromosome 8 and another unidentified chromosome ［t(8:\ulcorner)］, and between chromosome 21 and another unidentified chromosome ［t(8:21)］ were found. However, translocation between chromosome 8 and 21 ［t(8:21)］ was not found. Results indicate that the benzene metabolites, BT, HQ and t,t-MA, induce chromosome specific numerical and structural aberrations, and the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) approach may be a useful and powerful technique for detection of aneuploidy.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.50-54
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• 1988

The chromosome of Anodota woodiana in the Lake Uiam was analysed as using air drying technique of spermatogonial tissue to obtain mitotic and meiotic chromosomes. The chromosome chcle did mot differ, in general, from that found in other bivalves. Chromosome of this species consisted of metacentrics and submetacentrics. The longest chromosome was 2.1 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and the shortest was about 1.4 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in length.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.81-82
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• 2001

The human ribosomal protein 54 genes, RPS4X and RPS4Y are located on the X and Y chromosomes. They have been postulated as candidate for Turner syndrome which was characterized by gonadal dysgenesis, short stature, and various external and internal anomalies. Using the BLAST search program, we identified sixteen RPS4 pseudogenes from the human genome and analyzed them phylogenetically. The RPS4-C12-1, C12-2, and C12-3 pseudogenes from chromosome 12 have been evolved independently during hominid evolution. The RPS4X gene from X chromosome it closely related to the RPS4-C12-2 from chromosome 12 and RPS4-C5 from chromosome 5, whereas the RPS4Y gene is very closely related to RPS4-C16 from chromosome 16. The exact mapping of the RPS4 pseudogene family was peformed, indicating that the RPS4 pseudogene family was mapped on human chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 18, 19 and 20. Taken together, the precise chromosomal localization and phylegenetic relationship of the RPS4 pseudo-genes could be of great use in further study for understanding the Turner syndrome.