• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.41-57
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• 2006

The purposes of this research are to identify causalities among flow and customer loyalty In Chinese online games, and to identify the factors by which flow are influenced. This research tests the model with Chinese on-line game users and compare this result with Korea and Japanese results which were conducted by Lee's research. These implications are thought to be helpful for Korean online game companies to understand the Chinese online game user and to develop the penetration strategies. The results indicated that significant Path coefficients to flow were the convenience of operator, the provision of information, the reality of design. The results indicated that significant path coefficients to customer loyalty were the involvement of virtual community and flow. The involvement of virtual community to flow was not significant but to customer loyalty was significant. The provision of information was negatively influenced on flow. The result of comparison indicated that the path coefficients were different among nations. Korea online game companies need to develop the indigenized online game and to Provide the information to their Chinese partner correctly and quickly.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.77-82
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• 2010

The game industry is growing most rapidly for a last 10 years. However, these days korean online game is not developed in chinese market any more quickly because there must be many significant problems. One of the most important problems can be a misunderstanding a chinese online game user. For instance, the Game community system shows an important position to choose an online game of chinese users. In this paper, We choose a three kinds of online game community systems and make a comparative analysis. We can expect a certain way through this research because we can see that most succesful online games in chinese market have a more expandable community systems. In order to make a succesful game contents in foreign country's game market, we must understand foreign gamers what they like or dislike. We think a next research will be about a specific relation between a foreign gamer and culture.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.65-77
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• 2023

Chinese martial arts culture is a kind of Chinese kung fu culture, a cultural category that uses martial arts kung fu for chivalry and justice. Chinese martial arts MMORPG online game is the embodiment of Chinese martial arts culture in online games, which is a unique Chinese online game. The image of beggar chivalry is a special chivalrous image in Chinese martial arts culture, and in the top 3 martial arts MMORPG online games, all of them have the image of beggar chivalry, which shows that this image has a wide player base. The Q methodology is an approach that endeavors to discover complex issues in human subjectivity, unlike existing empirical studies. In order to determine the type of beggar chivalry image preference of the game players, 32 beggar chivalry images were selected in the study and three types of beggar chivalry images were found through the Q method: Type 1 is the type of gorgeous and noble beggar chivalry; Type 2 is a competent type and is good at fighting the beggar's chivalry; and Type 3 is comparable relatively refined type. The result of this study is that the image of beggar chivalry preferred by game players is the opposite of the traditional Chinese image of beggar chivalry. The traditional image of beggar is the image of wearing plain and begging in the street, but the image of beggar chivalry that is liked in online games is luxurious, noble, exquisite and about the image of good at fighting. This research result has some value and significance in the development and design of beggar chivalrous image in future martial arts MMORPG online games.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.381-397
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• 2013

User enjoyment is a key factor to understand online and mobile game users' behaviors. This study aims to understand the differences between mobile and online games, and the differences between Korean and Chinese game users in terms of the perceived importance of user enjoyment elements. To use AHP (Analytic Hierarchical Process), we decompose user enjoyment into sub-elements; sensory enjoyment, content enjoyment, enjoyment of the achievement, and enjoyment of interaction. Though the empirical study and independent t-test, we can find that there are the differences in the perceived importance of user enjoyment elements between Korean and Chinese game players, and between mobile and online games. Chinese users more stress on enjoyment of interaction and Korean users more emphasize on enjoyment of the achievement.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.151-162
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• 2009

The objective of this study is to uncover the standard and procedure of the review for the online game to export to China and try to find a plan how to solve a problem such as regulation for the online game imported into China depending on a protective policy for homemade game. The literatures related to the policy of China online game industry and the present condition of the wholistic restriction are reviewed and the standard and procedure of the review of China online game which is veiled was able to find definitely by using the case study on Korean company which was a great success as localization in China. As a result of this study, we found that the key factor on the review standard of China online game is the anti-social personality, such as 'the overthrow of Chinese socialist system', 'the territorial issue as the eviction of Hong Kong or the acknowledgment of Taiwan government', 'independence problem of the minorities', and 'damage to property as national treasure', et cetera. While the review of the homemade game in China takes about a month through just two steps in review process on online game, that of foreign game is required over at least three months through four steps in it. Moreover, it is difficult for foreign games to obtain the license due to total amount regulation for online game by 'General Administration of Press and Publication of the People's the Republic of China'. In the case of the joint-venture company, it is most important to the smooth communication between Korean company and Chinese company in order to overcome these strong regulation for online game review in China. Furthermore, as Chinese company in outward appearance it is need to be positioned absolutely in Chinese marketplace. The definite positioning strategy enables foreign companies to avoid the strong regulation about the foreign game in China. To understand, finally, deeply politics, society, and culture presented in Chinese ethics textbook permits the foreign companies to predict the exact standard of the review for online game. Therefore, this study is concluded with key implications to sustain guidelines on the deliberation for foreign companies which want to export online game to China to improve the predictability and accountableness about the review of the online game in China.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.119-130
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of traditional art expressions in recent Chinese online games, which are now most popular in Chinese game market. Designing the MMORPG game character reflecting users' psychological preferences for aesthetic characteristic of the traditional Chinese culture allows the users to feel more visual satisfaction while they are enjoying a game. The selected characters for this analysis were chosen from the traditional myth chivalry game to utilize the traditional art expressions that are peculiar in Chinese MMORPG. The analysis was conducted within the context of an ideal character figure and operation, and social nature reflecting a personal user. This analysis suggested the representation technique reflecting traditional clothing, color, and life style, and the reconstruction of subject matter, and the development of the characteristics of ideal group character. Even though Chinese MMORPG history is short, this study will help the user understand more effectively the identity of the myth martial MMORPG game in connection with the Chinese traditional culture and art. And this study will also increase the user's satisfaction of the Chinese online-game.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.41-54
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• 2015

Despite a great performance of Korean online game in Chinese online game market, Korean companies were faced with decreasing market positions in China from 2006. To overcome this problem, I will suggest a research model about determinant of repurchase behavior of on-line game user and moderation effect of online review. Data collected from questionnaire survey were used in empirical analysis on research hypothesis through moderated multiple regression method. There are several conclusions as such; first, perceived value and loyalty of consumer have great positive relationships with repurchase behavior. Second, online review has positive direct influence on repurchase behavior and moderation effect of relationships among them. Third, game company has great efforts to develop online games and game contents which were guaranteed before in price, quality, information, and accurate consideration of online review.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 2010

This study will explore the current status and forecast on Chinese game in relation to game platform. Chinese market has recently developed increasing game platform in the Chinese Market. This paper presents an analysis of Korean game industry's competitive strategy in the Chinese market on the basis of SNG. It explores the new platform such as Webgame and SNS service develops implications for Korean game industry. A new strategy responding to Chinese market and needs is more likely to be successful than a global integration strategy.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.37-39
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• 2010

China's online games have been developed a decade, the online game development is very fast. The last monitoring from "gameScan$^{TM}$" shows that there are 6 local manufacturing MMORPG games in the top 20 in march 2010 of china.Through research top 4 MMORPG games, their graphic content is too similar. All of them are the subject of Chinese Martial-Arts and Chinese Mythology, the graphic design elements all from China's traditional culture. This phenomenon will be two defects, the first if the design follow the trend, it can reduce the risk of failure, but it'll lack of competitiveness also. The second is it can meet the needs of Chinese culture for the game players in china, but the complex Chinese mythology and the culture of Martial-Arts are not easy to be accepted for foreigners. There are many European and American games failed in China, because of the differences cultural, the Game players can't understand the history, religion and culture. so, we can get some experience from the successful game cases of Korea and Japan. Use of common cultural elements combined with some Chinese traditional culture to create a new fantasy world. And try some now contents about future or science fiction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.608-617
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• 2018

The game market has been converted into PC such as Microsoft X-box, SONY Playstation, and Nintendo, which have been called traditional game consoles. Recently, the mobile game market has been growing as the performance of mobile devices has been reduced. The expansion of the game market is a worldwide trend, and the discovery of game contents are causing many concerns for game companies. Known as the birthplace of animation and games, Japan uses traditional cultural contents to create many characters and game stories. China, which is a latecomer, is also working to find materials for making game contents using Chinese traditional culture. is one of the most successful games in China's online marketplace. The game is designed to allow game users to experience traditional culture by reproducing the images of the time period shown in the wall painting into a virtual space. In this study, I would like to analyze the story of the Buddhist scripture in the mural of Donhwang mural, a Chinese cultural heritage.