• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.119-128
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• 2015

A fire broke out in a working wood-burning stove and destroyed an idyllic house about two years after it was built. This study analyzed data provided through the court by the fire station, police station, fire insurance investigation agency, house construction company, and wood-burning stove maker Based on the fire pattern of low-temperature long-term ignition that remained in the studs, the fire was found to be caused by the conduction of heat in the fire box to the studs of the wall next to the wood-burning stove. A fire simulation showed that the low-temperature long-term ignition of the studs next to the wood-burning stove occurred because a hole was not made for ventilation in the chimney.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.95-99
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• 2008

Halon was known as a cause of the ozone layer destruction. In 1987, it was designated as one of the ozone-layer-destroying materials in the Montreal Protocol. Therefore substitutes of Halon agent has been developed including inert gas extinguish system, which is one of the most widely used fire extinguishing system. This study intended to increase the efficiency of inert gas extinguishing agent by using inert gas additives. As IG-541 shows high extinguishing power, the experiment was performed to measure the effects of gaseous additives to it. Cup-burner fire extinguishing apparatus was used with n-Heptane fuel. Among many of pure inert gaseous agents, Helium showed the most excellent extinguishing power. When Helium was added to IG-541, fire extinguishing power was increased and the concentration of oxygen in chimney also risen. By adding Helium to IG-541, the effectiveness of inert gas fire extinguishing system is able to be increased.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.19-29
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• 2017

Recently, there has been increased demand for automatic warehouses with racks which are installed inside the warehouses to allow vertical loading of products or goods for space efficiency. Therefore considerations about fire hazards are extremely necessary. In this study, the fire hazard of automatic warehouse with racks was analyzed in the view of fire prevention engineering. It appeared its fire hazard was extremely high because of the undefined fire zones, the windowless floor, the large volume, the difficulty of extinguishment and the smoke emission in the view of building itself, and because of the fire hazard of load itself, the high fire load, and the chimney effect in the view of fire.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 2004

In this study, reduced-scale experiments were conducted to analyze an effect of tunnel slope on critical velocity. The 1/20 scale experiments were carried out under the Froude scaling using ethanol pool fire. Square pools ranging from 2.47 to 12.30㎾ were used experiments. Critical velocity varied with one-fourth power of the heat release rate. As the slope of the tunnel increases the critical velocity comes to be fast due to the increase of the chimney effect.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.163-171
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• 2019

Recently, rural housing in urban areas has been increasing due to the improvement of income level. With the increase of the construction of the power house, the installation of the heating system using the harmonious fuel for the purpose of heating and the beauty of the room is increasing rapidly. In addition to the increasing use of firewood heating equipment, the incidence of fire is also increasing. Analysis of the National Fire Data System of the Fire Department The result of the analysis of the National Fire Data System Many parts of the fire are incinerated by the accumulation of tar due to the incompleteness of periodic cleaning inside the cylinder. The distance between the fire extinguisher and the combustible materials such as ceiling, Resulting in fire. In addition, it was found that much of the fire of the firewood heating system in the time zone occurs during the sleeping and resting time and there is not enough time for the residents to cope. This, in turn, causes serious harm to the lives and property of the users of the pyrotechnic heating system. Therefore, in this study, domestic and foreign standards and laws related to fuel oil heating facilities were analyzed and 12 cases of fire accidents were analyzed. Through the revision of the fire prevention and firefighting facilities installation and maintenance law, the installation standards of the alarm and fire extinguishing facilities were presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.511-519
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• 2007

This study provides comprehensive design improvements covering technical issues concerning life safety matter In case of fire train stoppage in the middle of a tunnel. Recently Government announced that most of subway platforms will have screen doors in 3 years. Therefore, many fire safety engineers considered that they may contribute on life safety on train stoppage in tunnel. Especially The screen door can protect platform from smoke along tunnel ceiling when fire train stopped in tunnel. The study showed that platform ventilation ducts and the a tunnel ventilation chimney in the middle of tunnel in exiting subway tunnel could not guarantee life safety ability in terms of RSET vs. ASET comparison. Furthermore during evacuation process many peoples may be threatened from the smoke spread from the origin of fire. Although only additional vertical route can be installed in tunnels In order to decrease RSET, it will costs high or no spaces remains in outside on the road. The study suggested that increase of ASET can be best solution without additional escape route, therefore alternative design methods suggested on the base of simulation results. Finally the study shows alternative methods can give good result in terms of evacuation performance evaluation. The evacuation performance evaluation helps the decision-maker to determine the preferred alternatives or upgrades to existing tunnel infrastructure and other measure to meet safety objectives. Finally, the study details the effectiveness of measures the can be taken to reduce the risk of incidents in subway tunnels.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.3395-3409
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• 1974

The purpose of this study is to test and compare the efficiency of heating-system for materials and construction of the wall, ceiling and window in soil brick house, cement house and boulder house respectively, in order to construct ideal farm houses in rural area. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In heat conservation due to construction of walls the thermal efficiency of cement brick house was equivalent to 66.3% of that of soil brick house, and boulder house 60.3% 2. In the case of ceiling, the thermal efficiency of paper ceiling was amounted to 84.2% of that of the composite ceiling (thickness 6mm veneer+thickness. l0m chaffs), and the common ceiling putting on soil above the ceiling, 76% of the composite while the efficiency of the ceiling putting on chaffs above them was 15.8% higher than that of the paper. 3. In the case of improving the window, the double type was 12% higher than. the efficiency of single type. 4. The warming velocity of conventional house was slower but the velocity of radiation was quicker than that of experimental one. It was thought to be due to unscietific constructions of the room bottom, fire inlet and chimney, 5. The temperature gradient line was not dependad upon the amount of throwing into fuel in the rural farm house. 6. It was concluded that the final thermal efficiency of the conventional farm house was 10.6% lower than that of experimental farm house.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.226-235
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• 2009

Force induced by the natural ventilation in tunnel is likely to generate adverse influences on the airflow during the normal operation and create even more unfavorable circumstances during the tunnel fire. The influence of the natural ventilation is required to take into account in designing and operating the ventilation as well as safety systems. The magnitude of natural ventilation force depends on a variety of factors associated with the topographical, meteorological and physical features of tunnel. Unfortunately, at this moment those are difficult to quantify and none of the countries has suggested its estimation method in the design guideline. This study aims at quantifying the natural ventilation force at a local highway tunnel by three different methods. The first method employes direct measurement of the pressure at portals, while the second applies a stepwise approach to eliminate the piston effect ahead of deriving the natural ventilation force and the third method uses the concept of barometric barrier.