• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.4985-4989
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• 2016

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a novel class of non-protein coding RNAs that are involved in a wide variety of biological processes. There are limited data regarding the impact of lnc-LAMC2-1:1 rs2147578 as well as CASC8 rs10505477 T>C polymorphisms on cancer development. Here we examined for the first time whether rs2147578 and rs10505477 polymorphisms are associated with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in a total of 110 cases and 120 healthy controls. Genotyping was achieved by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The rs2147578 variant increased the risk of ALL in codominant (OR=4.33, 95%CI=2.00-9.37, p<0.0001, CG vs CC, and OR=5.81, 95%CI=2.30-14.69, p=0.0002, GG vs CC), dominant (OR=4.63, 95%CI=2.18-9.86, p<0.0001, CG+GG vs CC), overdominant (OR=1.74, 95%CI=1.02-2.97, p=0.0444, CG vs CC+GG) and allele (OR=1.91, 95%CI=1.32-2.77, p=0.0008, G vs C) inheritance models tested. No significant association was found between the CASC8 rs10505477 T>C variant and risk of childhood ALL. In conclusion, the present study revealed that the lnc-LAMC2-1:1 rs2147578 polymorphism may be a risk factor for developing childhood ALL. Further studies with larger sample sizes with different ethnicities are now required to confirm our findings.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.65-83
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of teaching flow on the relationship between director's servant leadership and early childhood teachers'happiness. Methods: The subjects in this study were 241 early childhood teachers in Busan and South Gyeongsang Province in South Korea. Three different inventories were utilized. The Servant Leadership Scale, Teaching Flow Scale and Happiness Scale were used. As for data analysis, SPSS & AMOS 21.0 and PROCESS macro were utilized. Results: First, the director's servant leadership, teaching flow and happiness of the teachers were all above average, and there was a significant positive correlation between their total scores of servant leadership, teaching flow and happiness. Second, The teaching flow was found to have a partial mediation effect on the on the relationship between director's servant leadership and happiness of the early childhood teachers. Conclusion/Implications: These results indicate that effort to promote director's servant leadership and teaching flow is needed to promote early childhood teachers'happiness.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.43-55
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• 2011

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe population-based prevention strategies for childhood obesity and to discuss its application in a city in Korea. Methods: Literature review and empirical findings for ongoing programs were performed to develop population-based prevention strategies for childhood obesity with the framework and principles of WHO population-based prevention strategies for childhood obesity. Results: The developed framework had five key strategies (supportive policies, supportive environment, supportive program, strategic development & leadership, and monitoring & evaluation) under hierarchic objectives (long-term, middle-term and short-term) with the vision of healthy growth and development of all children and youth. Each strategy included evidence-based action plans with WHO principles. Conclusions: The developed strategies have advanced the existing strategies for childhood obesity prevention by providing the sustainable and systematic framework and action plans based on ecological approach. Further, the feasibility for operating the strategies needs to be verified.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4733-4737
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• 2013

Purpose: Numerous observational epidemiological studies have evaluated associations between breastfeeding and the risk of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma; however, the existing results are inconsistent. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Medical literature was searched in the Pubmed and Embase databases to identify all English-language relevant studies up to April 10, 2013. Reference lists were thereafter hand-searched for additional articles. Studies that reported relative risk ratios (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were included. This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the guidelines for the meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology. Results: We finally included 10 case-control studies in our meta-analysis, involving 1,618 childhood Hodgkin lymphoma cases and 8,181 controls. Overall, we did found a borderline significant association between breastfeeding and reduced risk of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma comparing ever breastfed children to never breastfed children (pooled OR =0.79; 95%CI, 0.58-1.08; P=0.13), with limited evidence for between-study heterogeneity (P =0.12, $I^2$ = 35.70%). Conclusion: There is limited evidence for an inverse association between breastfeeding and risk of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.20 no.3 s.50
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• pp.209-213
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• 2005

Due to steady increase of childhood asthma, exposure to air toxics including PAHs have been thought as an etiology for the asthma. PAHs -involvement in airway inflammation, such as IgE production, is the potential mechanism of the PAHs-induced asthma. Cytochrome P450s (CYPs), particularly CYP1A1 is known enzyme to metabolite PAHs and to be induced by PAHs. The CYP1A1 expression has been emphasized as an biomarker for PAHs - exposure. The present study was performed to clarify the etiology of childhood asthma with PAHs-exposure using mRNA expression of CYP1A1 . The study Objects were Korean children who were asthma patients (cases) or other hospital controls (N=20; age,3 $\~$ 16; boys,56$\%$). As result, we detected expression of the CYP1A1 in all peripheral blood specimens which were collected from the subjects. Moreover, we found approx. 300 fold-higher expression of the CYP1A1 in the cases than that in the controls (p(<)0.01). When we considered age which was related to Asthma, the above significant trend was somewhat diluted, however, the relation between asthma and the Cypih i expression waL stronger than that between asthma and age (chi square,7.99 vs. 3.34). Therefore, our study supports that PAHs induce or worse childhood asthma and suggests application of expression of the CYP1A1 as an initiation or progress biomarker for PAHs - induced childhood asthma.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.649-664
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the emotional intelligence of preservice early childhood teachers on their self-concept and self-efficacy in an attempt to provide some information on the development of the emotional intelligence of preservice early childhood teachers. The subjects in this study were the freshmen, sophomores and juniors who were in the departments of early childhood education in private colleges and universities in Chungcheong, Kyonggi, Seoul, in Korea. After a survey was conducted, the following findings were given: First, the juniors had the best self-concept of the others, and the freshmen were ahead of the others in self-efficacy. The university students had a better self-concept than the college students. Second, emotional intelligence had a statistically significant positive correlation to self-concept and self-efficacy. Third, all the sub-factors of emotional intelligence exerted a statistically significant positive influence on self-concept. Among the sub-factors of emotional intelligence, emotional regulation and emotional utilization exerted a statistically significant positive influence on self-efficacy. The findings of the study illustrated that the preservice early childhood teachers had a better self-concept and a better self-efficacy when they were better at emotional intelligence.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12spc
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• pp.696-702
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• 2021

Informatization of early childhood education in the EU occurs in the context of the use of ICT as a means of sharing experiences, practices in the education and training of preschool children, communication, both at the national level and locally - within educational institutions, as a means of document management, search, data processing and information for the management of early childhood educational institutions, and planning activities for these institutions. This article aims to identify the features of the informatization of early childhood education in EU countries. Results. The countries of the EU have different levels of workload on the staff of early childhood education institutions, which is caused by different numbers of preschoolers and workforce. The greatest load on the staff in France due to a large number of preschoolers, which, despite the reduction, remained the highest among all the countries. By comparison, Poland's significant workload is mitigated by the size of its workforce. With almost equal numbers of staff in Poland and Germany, the countries differ significantly in the number of preschoolers. The countries also have different funding mechanisms for early childhood education, which determines the potential for digitalization. In France, total spending on early childhood education has grown the least (by 11 % between 2012 and 2018), in Poland by 51 %, in the Czech Republic by 44 %, and in Germany by 49%. In France, 100 % is funded by the government, in Poland 78 % is funded by the government, in the Czech Republic and Germany 87 % and 85 % respectively is funded by the government. The results of the survey of teachers' training in the use of ICTs and the level of specialists' readiness to use them in their studies indicate a mismatch between education and the practice of using technology. At the same time, given the high level of professional training of teachers in the use of technology in education, a low level of practice of ICT use in teaching preschool children was revealed. Teachers require professional development of ICT skills.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.10
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• pp.972-976
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• 2003

Purpose : For the control of childhood leukemia, of which the mortality is still high, the basic data for the incidence has a great importance. The authors analyzed the data from 133 new patients with childhood leukemia between 1996-2000 in Busan, Korea. Methods : The data were obtained from 133 new cases(87 males and 46 females from 0 to 15 years old) of childhood leukemia who were residents of Busan and who were admitted to the 4 university hospitals and 11 general hospitals from 1996 to 2000. Results : The total number of the new childhood leukemia patients was 133 between 1996-2000; the average annual number of new patients was 26.6. The age-and-sex adjusted annual incidence rate (/100,000) was in the range of 2.37-4.53(male 2.47-5.29, female 0.76-3.36) with an average of 3.29 (male 4.05, female 2.43). Age-specific annual incidence rate(/100,000) was 3.78 in the 0-4 year age group, 3.51 in the 5-9 year age group and 3.08 in the 10-14 year age group. Of the major types of childhood leukemia, the distribution of ALL was average 71.4%, of AML 23.3%, and of CML 4.5%. Of the major types of leukemia by age range, ALL showed highest in the 5-9 year age group, while AML in 0-4 and 10-14 year age groups. Sex-ratio(male to female) of major type of leukemia was 1.97 : 1 and 1.21 : 1, in ALL and AML groups, respectively, while all were male in CML. Conclusion : The average age-and-sex adjusted annual incidence rate(/100,000) of childhood leukemia in Busan from 1996 to 2000 was 3.29. Compared to data in related articles, this data suggests a steady increase in the incidence of childhood leukemia in the Busan area over the last 20 years since 1981.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.159-169
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• 2003

Objectives: The object of this study was to compare between perceived stress, coping strategies and quality of life between parents of childhood cancer and normal controls. Methods: Global assessment of recent stress(GARS) scale and symptom checklist-90-revised (SCL-90-R) were used to measure perception for stressors and stress responses(psychopathology). Coping scale and Smithklein Beecham quality of life scale were used to measure coping strategies and quality of life. Results: Scores of perceived stress related to interpersonal, changes in relationship, sickness or illness, financial, unusual happenings on the GARS scale were significantly higher in parents of childhood cancer than normal controls. Scores of the SCL-90-R, somatization, depression, anxiety, hostility subscale were also significantly higher in parents of childhood cancer than normal controls. Scores of self control and positive reappraisal were significantly higher in parents of childhood cancer than normal controls. Parents of childhood cancer scored significantly lower in quality of life than normal controls. Scores of depression were also significantly higher in parents of children diagnosed as acute lymphocytic leukemia(ALL) than those as acute nonlymphocytic leukemia(ANLL). Conclusions: The results suggest that patients with parents of childhood cancer were likely to have higher levels of perceived stressor and psychopathology and lower quality of life than normal controls.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.280-289
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated weight status in survivors of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and identified related factors. Methods: A retrospective review of the electronic medical records of survivors of childhood ALL (n=230) was conducted. We analyzed the survivors' characteristics, including sex, age, weight status at diagnosis, central nervous system involvement, risk classification, length of treatment, radiation therapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Analysis of variance and the chi-squared test were applied to investigate influencing factors. Results: The weight status distribution was as follows: 23 individuals (10.0%) were classified as underweight, 151 individuals (65.7%) were healthy weight, and 56 individuals (24.3%) were overweight/obese. Age at diagnosis (F=10.03, p<.001), weight status at diagnosis (x²=43.41, p<.001), and risk classification (F=10.98, p=0.027) showed significant differences among the weight status groups. Survivors who were older at diagnosis and those in the very high-risk category had a higher likelihood of experiencing underweight status during their survivorship, while survivors who were overweight/obese at diagnosis were more likely to remain overweight/obese at the time of survival. Conclusion: Considering the potential health implications related to an unhealthy weight status in survivors of ALL, it is imperative to undertake early identification and implement interventions for at-risk individuals.