• Title/Summary/Keyword: Child observation

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The Development and the Effect of A Preschool Teacher Training Program for Pretend Play Competence (유아교사의 역할놀이 유능성 증진을 위한 교사교육 프로그램의 개발 및 효과)

  • Han, Chan Hee;Kim, Myoung Soon
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.99-124
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    • 2015
  • This study developed a teacher training program aimed at promoting preschool teachers' competence in relation to pretend play and examined its effects on the teachers' knowledge, efficacy and interaction in pretend play. Regarding the learner's job characteristics and conditions, a small group session of 90 minutes per week was conducted for 8 weeks. To examine the effects of this program, the researcher collected data on the teachers' knowledge and the efficacy by means of questionnaires and the teachers' interaction by observation before and after the program execution. The fourteen child care centers were randomly assigned to both an experimental group or a control group, in which 38 teachers were included. In conclusion, the pretend play competence training program for preschool teacher was observed to be effective in improving their knowledge, efficacy and interactions in pretend play.

A Study on the Physical Environment of Child Care Centers for the Disabled Children in Japan Focusing on Accessibility (일본 장애아 보육시설의 접근성을 중심으로 한 물리적 환경에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Ji-Ye;Ju, Seo-Ryeung
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.75-89
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study is to understand the physical accessibility of the child care centers for disabled children in Japan. Fifteen centers located in Tokyo, Japan were surveyed through sketching, measuring, taking pictures, and observation. To understand the user's needs. the directors of the centers were interviewed. As a result,the followings suggestions were proposed. First, when the entrance of the center is close to the road, careful design for the entrance area is required to secure the safety of children using wheelchairs. If possible, a fence or door between the corridor and entrance is necessary. Second, most aspects of accessibility are pretty well designed. But a canopy over the entrance area is required to escape the rain. Third, a wider corridor space is desirable for storing and driving wheelchairs and for special equipment for the disabled. Forth, because the emergency exits were installed but not used, the new and safer emergency exits should be installed. These results will be a good case reference for developing Korean design guidelines for the children with disabilities.

The Effects of Childrens' Vocabulary Abilities and Print Concepts in the Classroom Environment in Terms of Literacy Development (만 3~5세 교실 문해환경이 유아의 어휘력과 인쇄물 개념에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Myoung-Soon;Kim, Hye-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.95-106
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    • 2011
  • This study was conducted to better understand the effect of the classroom literacy environment on the young children's vocabulary abilities, and the concepts of print matter. The subjects consisted of 276 children aged 3 to 5 enrolled in 93 classrooms in child-care centers and kindergartens. The Early Language & Literacy Classroom Observation Pre-K (Smith, Brady, & Anastasopoulos, 2008), the Picture Vocabulary Test (Kim, Jang, Yim, & Bae, 1995) and the Concepts About Print (Kim & Kim, 2004) were used for the purposes of this study. The data collected were analyzed by means of ANOVA, and regression analysis. The results indicated that the vocabulary abilities and print-concepts of children aged 3-5 were more likely to increase when a rich classroom environment was provided for the children's literacy development. In particular, it was found to be important for children's language and Literacy development to provide them with an enriched 'language environment' within the classroom, the quality of 'books and book reading', and the active utilization of 'print and early writing' all being important elements of this.

Analysis of Risk Factors in Children with Suspected Developmental Delays on the Denver Developmental Screening Test

  • Bang, Kyung-Sook
    • Child Health Nursing Research
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.261-268
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of questionable development according to developmental screening testing for children, and to explore biological and environmental risk factors of developmental delays. Method: The study participants were 153 children under two years of age. A questionnaire and Home Observation for measurement of the Environment (HOME) inventory were used to collect data, and Korean Denver II was administered. Results: The overall prevalence of questionable development was 11.1%. Significant differences in biological factors between the normal development group and questionable development group were the rate of prematurity, twins, the educational level of mother and father's and the presence of an illness in the mother (p<.10). Maternal acceptance in HOME was significantly different between the two groups. The factors related to questionable development that were significant in the logistic regression analysis were prematurity (OR=3.56, p=.026), and maternal acceptance in HOME score (OR=.629, p=.028). Conclusion: Early developmental screening tests seem necessary for all children, especially for prematurely born children. Also, child rearing environments were identified as significant factors in the development of all children. These findings suggest that the HOME scores might be useful in identifying children at risk for developmental delays, and that interventions for these children will probably be more effective if their mothers are helped to provide a more appropriate social environment.

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A Validation Study of the CARS-2 Compared With the ADOS-2 in the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Suggestion for Cutoff Scores

  • Seong-In Ji;Hyungseo Park;Sun Ah Yoon;Soon-Beom Hong
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.40-50
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    • 2023
  • Objectives: This study examined the validity of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Second Edition (CARS-2) compared with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) in identifying autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: A total of 237 children were tested using both the CARS-2 and ADOS-2. We examined the correlation using Pearson's correlation analysis. In addition, we used a receiver operating characteristic graph to determine the optimal standard version of the CARS-2 (CARS2-ST) cutoff score for ASD diagnosis using the ADOS-2. Results: The concurrent validity of the CARS2-ST was demonstrated by a significant correlation with the ADOS-2 (r=0.864, p<0.001). The optimal CARS2-ST cutoff scores were 30 and 28.5 for identifying autism and autism spectrum, respectively, based on the ADOS-2. Conclusion: We suggest a newly derived CARS2-ST cutoff score of 28.5 for screening ASD and providing early intervention.

Incidence of falls and fall-related characteristics in hospitalized children in South Korea: a descriptive study

  • Hyeyeong Park;Hyunju Kang
    • Child Health Nursing Research
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.176-186
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: With the recent increase in interest in patient safety, prevention of falls in hospitalized children has become important. This study aimed to identify the incidence rate of falls among hospitalized children and explore fall-related characteristics. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study analyzed the medical information of 18,119 patients aged <18 years admitted to a general hospital in South Korea from electronic medical records and fall event reports between January 1, 2018, and September 30, 2023. The study variables included the general and clinical characteristics of the fall group and fall-related characteristics of the fall events. This study employed descriptive statistics and a chi-square test using IBM SPSS version 26.0. Results: Among the patients, 82 fall events were identified. Therefore, the fall incidence rate was 4.5 falls per 1,000 patients. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference was found concerning the type of injury sustained between children >1 year old and those <1 year old, and most cases had no damage or bruises. More cases were found in which falls occurred two days after hospitalization in winter and summer than on the day or the day after hospitalization, which was a statistically significant difference. In addition, fall prevalence was higher between 8 am and 4 pm, and when no caregiver was present. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, education and interventions to prevent fall events in infants and toddlers should persist throughout hospitalization, and it is necessary to guide continuous management and observation of the caregivers.

A Validation Study on the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment in Elementary Children (가정환경검사(HOME)의 타당화 연구)

  • Lee, Ju-Lie
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.10 no.1 s.19
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 1992
  • The purpose of this study was to validate the Elementary HOME(Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment) with korean elementary children. Subjects were 536 mothers 1st-5th graders in the elementary schools in the Seoul. Pearson's r, pearcentage(%), phi($\phi$/), Cronbach's $\alpha$/ ware conducted for the statistical analysis. The major findings were as follows. 1) The item pass rate(percentage) were ranged 16~98. 2) The discriminant coefficients($\phi$/) of the item were ranged 0.06~0.58. 3) The reliability coefficients of the scale were that the split-falf was 0.84, and Cronbach's $\alpha$/ was 0.88. Considering the length of the scale, these reliability estimates appear to be at an acceptable level 4) The factor analysis and the correlations between HOME and SES indices and children's school schievement to test construct validity were conducted to test construct validity. Eight factors were extracted from the factor analysis and coefficients(r) were ranged 0.16~0.45 and -0.08~0.37.

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A survey on space feature of kindergarten in Taegu city - Space usage behavior of the institutions related to child care and education ( I ) - (대구시 소재 유치원 공간에 관한 실측조사 - 아동 보육 및 교육관련 시설의 공간이용행태 ( I ) -)

  • 안옥희
    • Journal of the Korean housing association
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.135-145
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the space feature of private kindergarten in Taegu city. This study was conducted by means of the observation on the equipments, the actual measurement of space of kindergarten and environment, and the questionnaire survey by the chief of kindergarten. The samples for analysis were 20 kindergartens on Taegu city. The Major findings were as follows :1) The chiefs of kindergartens were generally satisfied with the whole range of institutions and it's management.2) Generally the environmental coditions were satisfactory, but the design of the equipments had no consideration for children's body size.3) According to observation on the equipment, it was found that generally environment of kindergarten were desireable.

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A Survey on Space Feature of Group Day Care Home in Taegu City - Space usage behavior of the institutions related to child care and education (III) - (대구시 소재 놀이방 공간에 관한 실측조사 - 아동 보육 및 교육관련 시설의 공간이용행태(III) -)

  • 안옥희;박인전;안지연;김수민
    • Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.161-171
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the space feature of group day care home in Taegu city. This study was conducted by means of the observation on the equipments, the actual measurement of space and environment of group day care home. And the questionnaire survey by the chief of group day care home was also used for this study. The samples for analysis were 20 group day care home located in Taegu city. The major findings were as follows ; 1. The chief's satisfaction of the facilities of group day care home and it's management was generally low. 2. The design of door, the possessing of furniture, and the items related to toilet should be improved in the space or environmental conditions. 3. According to the observation on the equipments, it was found that the environment of group day care home was generally not desirable.

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Gender Differences in Conversational Styles of Students (대화방식에서의 성차이: 대학생을 중심으로)

  • Kim Sung Hee
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.22 no.6 s.72
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    • pp.219-232
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    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender differences in conversational styles of students. This research based on Quantitative survey and qualitative observation. The quantitative data were collected by questionnaire from 708 respondents who were college students and resided in Sunchon. Statistical methods for the data analysis were frequencies, t-test. The cases of observation were 21. As a result, gender differences were founded in lots of conversational styles. Women showed more tendencies than men In communi-cations to listen, to make relationships, to take care of others, to express intimacy and to make private conversation. Men tended to dominate others, to show off capacities and to make public conversation. This gender differences in conversational styles were related to sex role and major studies. From this results it was proposed that education on gender differences in conversational styles should be developed for students to improve their communication skills and to adapt their changing sex role.