• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2008

The effects of design parameters on the pellet transport rate in the ejector system which is widely used in the production processes of automotive parts were investigated experimentally. The primary nozzle geometry, the area ratio (R) of nozzle exit cross-sectional area to mixing chamber cross-sectional area and the distance (S) from primary nozzle exit to mixing chamber entrance were considered as the design parameters. The area ratios of the primary nozzle were varied from R=0.10 to R=0.25, 0.30, 0.40 and 0.55. The primary nozzle was positioned at the non-dimensional distance (S/D) of 1.30, 1.87, 2.44, 3.00 and 3.75, normalized using the mixing chamber diameter (D). The design parameters were determined to run with high efficiency by measuring the pellets transport rate. The geometry and the area ratio (R) of the primary nozzle had an effect on the pellet transport rate of the ejector system, and the area ratio of R=0.3 was carefully selected after taking the minimum fluidization velocity and transport rate of applied pellets into account. The higher pellet transport rate with the variation of the distance (S/D) was observed at S/D of 2.44.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.764-772
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• 2016

This paper presents on the evaluation of numerical analysis model of a ball valve used for a gas pipeline. The ball valve has important role to control the gas flow of the pipeline as well as safety operation to prevent gas explosion at the emergency. For the validation of numerical simulation, the computational domains are introduced three different types: a hexahedron chamber connected to a pipeline outlet without considering the geometry of pressure tubes, a pipeline only considered the geometry of pressure tubes, and a pipeline connected both of the a hexahedron chamber and pressure tubes. The commercial code, SC/Tetra, is introduced to solve the three-dimensional steady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes analysis in the present study. The valve flow coefficient and valve loss coefficient with respect to the valve opening rate of 30%, 50%, and 70% are compared with experimental results. Throughout the numerical analysis for the three analysis domains, pressure computed along the pipeline is affected by computational domains. It is noted pressure obtained by the computational model considering both of the a hexahedron chamber and pressure tubes has a relatively good agreement to the experimental data.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.997-1002
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• 2012

박용기관에서의 배기규제는 단계별로 강화되고 있으며 연소실 내외의 종합대책이 요구되고 있다. 기관 내부의 연소 특성은 배기배출 특성과 밀접한 관계가 있으며 분사밸브의 노즐과 노즐 홀 특성은 연소에 중요한 영향을 미친다. 분무 특성을 향상시키기 위한 노즐에 관한 연구는 입구형상, 직경 등에 집중되고 있으며, 노즐 출구의 형상에 대해서는 연구가 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 노즐 출구의 형상을 0도에서 90도까지 변화시키면서 계산을 수행하였다. 분사 압력, 질량유량, 유속, 유동특성 등을 종합하였을 때 노즐 출구 각도를 30도와 60도 사이로 하였을 때가 가장 효과적일 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2002

Combustion and flame propagation characteristics of the liquid phase LPG injection (LPLI) engine were investigated in a single cylinder optical engine. Lean bum operation is needed to reduce thermal stress of exhaust manifold and engine knock in a heavy duty LPG engine. An LPLI system has advantages on lean operation. Optimized engine design parameters such as swirl, injection timing and piston geometry can improve lean bum performance with LPLI system. In this study, the effects of piston geometry along with injection timing and swirl ratio on flame propagation characteristics were investigated. A series of bottom-view flame images were taken from direct visualization using an W intensified high-speed CCD camera. Concepts of flame area speed, In addition to flame propagation patterns and thermodynamic heat release analysis, was introduced to analyze the flame propagation characteristics. The results show the correlation between the flame propagation characteristics, which is related to engine performance of lean region, and engine design parameters such as swirl ratio, piston geometry and injection timing. Stronger swirl resulted in foster flame propagation under open valve injection. The flame speed was significantly affected by injection timing under open valve injection conditions; supposedly due to the charge stratification. Piston geometry affected flame propagation through squish effects.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2004

본 연구에서 사용된 방전 기체는 오염물의 제거 및 박막 표면 정제 등의 연구 분야에 응용되고 있는 질소 가스를 사용하였으며, 1차원 동심구 모델의 개발로 인하여, 접지 면적을 넓게 함에 따라 경방향으로의 플라즈마 분포가 중심축의 분포와 동일하다는 1차원적 가정이 적절하지 못하다는 Barnes 모델을 보완할 수 있었다. 일정한 인가 전압하에서는 입체각($\omega$)의 증가에 따라 질소 플라즈마를 구성하는 각 입자의 수밀도 분포, 전계 및 포텐셜이 감소함을 볼 수 있었다. 그러나 면적비가 증가하면서 구동 전극에서의 각 입자들의 움직임은 상대적으로 높은 전계로부터 더욱 활발하게 형성됨에 따라 직렬 연결된 블로킹 콘덴서에서 발생하는 자기 바이어스 전압은 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.183-183
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• 2012

In the era of 45 nm or beyond technology, conventional etch mask using photoresist showed its limitation of etch mask pattern collapse as well as pattern erosion, thus hard mask in etching became necessary for precise control of etch pattern geometry. Currently available hard mask materials are amorphous carbon and polymetric materials spin-on containing carbon or silicon. Amorphous carbon layer (ACL) deposited by PECVD for etch hard mask has appeared in manufacturing, but spin-on carbon (SOC) was also suggested to alleviate concerns of particle, throughput, and cost of ownership (COO) [1]. SOC provides some benefits of reduced process steps, but it also faced with wiggling on a sidewall profile. Diamond like carbon (DLC) was also evaluated for substituting ACL, but etching selectivity of ACL was better than DLC although DLC has superior optical property [2]. Developing a novel material for pattern hard mask is very important in material research, but it is also worthwhile eliminating a potential issue to continuously develop currently existing technology. In this paper, we investigated in-situ dry-cleaning (ISD) monitoring of ACL coated process chamber. End time detection of chamber cleaning not only provides a confidence that the process chamber is being cleaned, but also contributes to minimize wait time waste (WOW). Employing Challenger 300ST, a 300mm ACL PECVD manufactured by TES, a series of experimental chamber cleaning runs was performed after several deposition processes in the deposited film thickness of $2000{\AA}$ and $5000{\AA}$. Ar Actinometry and principle component analysis (PCA) were applied to derive integrated and intuitive trace signal, and the result showed that previously operated cleaning run time can be reduced by more than 20% by employing real-time monitoring in ISD process.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집E
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• pp.202-206
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• 2001

The characteristics of heat transfer on the fire clay with microwave heating are numerically investigated using finite element method. The modelled regular hexahedron chamber($50cm{\times}50cm{\times}50cm$) filled with air consists of vertical heat source and sink walls, a fire clay model, and adiabatic plates at the top and bottom walls. With different geometrical aspect ratios of the fire clay model, the heat energy distribution is throughly investigated. The optimal shape of the fire clay for given chamber geometry and microwave power is analyzed.

• 소음진동
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 1991

The performance of silencer system is controlled by the geometrical parameters such as the relative location of inlet and outlet ports, size of main chamber, and cross sectional geometry of inlet-outlet ports and main chamber of silencer. In addition to these parameters, the presence of mean flow and temperature gradient along the silencer also affects the acoustic characteristics of silencer system. Due to the complexity of silencer, it is not straight forward to design the appropriate silencer system. In this paper, a design methodology based on an oustic analysis of silencer system is proposed ; low frequency and high frequency tuning method.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2001

For rapid and abrupt control of a missile in supersonic flight, side jet on a missile body is found to be a useful device as evidenced by recent missile development at several nations. The magnitude of the side jet and the duration of it decide the level of control of such a missile system. In this paper, the aerodynamic characteristics of the side jet device itself are examined in terms of key parameters such as the side jet nozzle geometry, the chamber pressure and temperature. Specifically attention is paid to the effect of the chamber shape between the straight nozzle and the bent nozzle by 90 degrees on the nozzle flow properties. The thrust magnitudes are compared between the two shapes. Whether the way the nozzle is bent at the joint affects the nozzle performance is also investigated. Effects of the length and the divergence angle of the nozzle on the thrust are also quantified among three different side jet nozzles.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.350-357
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• 2006

A new valveless micropump for bi-directional application has been developed and tested. The micropump was fabricated on silicon and glass substrates by micromachining process. The micropump in this study consists of a membrane actuator, a pumping chamber, fluidic channels and two piezoelectric ceramic films. The channels and pumping chamber were etched on a glass wafer and the membrane was made on a silion wafer which is actuated by a piezoelectric ceramic (PZT) film. The geometry of the micropump was optimized by numerical analysis and the performance of the micropump was investigated by the experiments. The maximum flow rate was $323{\mu}L/min$ and the maximum back pressure was 294 Pa when the membrane actuator of $10{\times}10mm^2$ was driven at 130 Hz and 385 V.