• Title/Summary/Keyword: Challenge of Application

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Skin Sensitization Study of Bee Venom (Apis mellifera L.) in Guinea Pigs

  • Han, Sang-Mi;Lee, Gwang-Gill;Park, Kyun-Kyu
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.1-4
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    • 2012
  • Bee venom (Apis mellifera L., BV) has been used as a cosmetic ingredient for antiaging, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial functions. The aim of this study was to access the skin sensitization of BV, a Buehler test was conducted fifty healthy male Hartley guinea pigs with three groups; Group G1 (BV-sensitization group, 20 animals), group G2 (the positive control-sensitization group, 20 animals), and group G3 (the ethyl alcohol-sensitization group, 10 animals). The exposure on the left flank for induction was repeated three times at intervals of one week. Two weeks after the last induction, the challenge was performed on the right flank. No treatment-related clinical signs or body weight changes were observed during the study period. The average skin reaction evaluated by erythema and edema on the challenge sites and sensitization rate in the BV-sensitization group at 30 hours were 0.0 and 0%, respectively, which are substantially low compared with in positive control group (average skin reaction: 0.55, sensitization rate: 40%) and identical with in vehicle control group, representing a weak sensitizing potential. The average skin reaction and sensitization rate observed at 54 hours were 0.0 and 0% in the BV-sensitization group, respectively, and 0.25 and 20% in the positive control group, respectively. It was concluded that BV classified to Grade I, induced no sensitization when tested in guinea pigs and may provide a developmental basis for a cosmetic ingredient or external application for topical uses.

Public Transportation Mobile Application for Individuals with Mobility Challenge (교통약자를 위한 대중교통 모바일 애플리케이션)

  • Min An;Cheol-Soo Kang
    • Journal of Advanced Technology Convergence
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.13-20
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    • 2024
  • This paper discusses a study on a mobile application aimed at making public transportation more convenient for people with mobility challenges on both Android and iOS platforms. The research analyzes the limitations and weaknesses of existing mobile applications for public transportation from the perspective of individuals with mobility challenges. The goal is to overcome these limitations and provide an optimized user experience. The motivation behind this research stems from the recognition that people with mobility challenges face difficulties in their daily commute, and current public transportation applications do not adequately cater to their needs. Consequently, the study aims to develop a specialized mobile application for individuals with mobility challenges to support them in achieving greater independence in their daily travels.

Non-Interactive Oblivious Transfer Protocol based on EIGamal in WAP (WAP에서 사용 가능한 ElGamal 기반의 비대화형 불확정 전송 프로토콜)

  • 정경숙;홍석미;정태충
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.11-18
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    • 2003
  • As the Internet moves to mobile environment, one of the most serious problems for the security is to required a new security Protocol with safety and efficiency. To solve the problem. we Propose a new Protocol that reduces the communication franc and solves the problem associated with the private security keys supplied by the trusted third party. The protocol is a non-Interactive oblivious transfer protocol, based on the EIGamal public-key algorithm. Due to its Non-Interactive oblivious transfer protocol, it can effectively reduce communication traffic in server-client environment. And it is also possible to increase the efficiency of protocol through the mechanism that authentication probability becomes lower utilizing a challenge selection bit. The protocol complexity becomes higher because it utilizes double exponentiation. This means that the protocol is difficult rather than the existing discrete logarithm or factorization in prime factors. Therefore this can raise the stability of protocol.

The Concept of Hardiness : A Review of the Literature for Nursing (강인성 (hardiness)에 대한 문헌고찰)

  • 박명희
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.227-237
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    • 1992
  • The purposes of this literature review were to identify the theoretical basis and components of the concept hardiness, trends in the study of hardiness it's application in nursing and issues in measurement. The concept of hardiness has been derived deductively from existential psychology and is composed of three components, control, commitment and challenge. In research, the characteristic of hardiness has been demonstrated as a motivating factor in resolving stressful situations and in adapting to actual health problems. With regard to the measurement of hardiness, because of it's low level of predictability related to health outcomes, it is recommanded that the component of be omited from the concept of hardiness. On the basis of this literature review, the following suggestions are proposed. 1. Considering the lack of empirical suport, the theory of hardiness needs to be evaluated. 2. There is a need for further study of hardiness in a broad variety of populations. 3. A valid, reliable and culturally appropriate instrument needs to be developed for health related research. 4. Analysis is needed of the relationship between hardiness and stress-resistance, and of the factors related to both.

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Electrical and transport properties of carbon chains encapsulated within CNT

  • KIM, Tae Hyung;KIM, Hu Sung;KIM, Yong-Hoon
    • Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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    • 2017.03a
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    • pp.457-462
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    • 2017
  • A linear carbon chain with pure sp hybridization has been intensively studied for the application of its intrinsic electrical properties to electronic devices. Owing to the high chemical reactivity derived from its unsaturated bond, encapsulation by carbon nanotubes (CNT) is provided as a promising method to stabilize the geometry of the linear carbon chain. Although the influence of CNT on the carbon chain has extensively been studied in terms of both electronic structure and geometries, the electron transport properties has not been discussed yet. In this regard, we provide the systematic atomic-scale analyses of the properties of the linear carbon chain within CNT based on a computational approach combining density-functional theory (DFT) and matrix green function (MGF) method. Based on the DFT calculations, the influence of CNT on electronic structures of the linear carbon chain is provided as well as its electrical origin. Via MGF calculations, we also identify the electron transport properties of the carbon chain - CNT complex.

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Nanotechnology Biomimetic Cartilage Regenerative Scaffolds

  • Lim, Erh-Hsuin;Sardinha, Jose Paulo;Myers, Simon
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.231-240
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    • 2014
  • Cartilage has a limited regenerative capacity. Faced with the clinical challenge of reconstruction of cartilage defects, the field of cartilage engineering has evolved. This article reviews current concepts and strategies in cartilage engineering with an emphasis on the application of nanotechnology in the production of biomimetic cartilage regenerative scaffolds. The structural architecture and composition of the cartilage extracellular matrix and the evolution of tissue engineering concepts and scaffold technology over the last two decades are outlined. Current advances in biomimetic techniques to produce nanoscaled fibrous scaffolds, together with innovative methods to improve scaffold biofunctionality with bioactive cues are highlighted. To date, the majority of research into cartilage regeneration has been focused on articular cartilage due to the high prevalence of large joint osteoarthritis in an increasingly aging population. Nevertheless, the principles and advances are applicable to cartilage engineering for plastic and reconstructive surgery.

Some aspects of the analyses of glass structures exposed to impact load

  • Grozdanic, Gabrijela;Galic, Mirela;Marovic, Pavao
    • Coupled systems mechanics
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    • v.10 no.6
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    • pp.475-490
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    • 2021
  • With glass becoming a structural material there is a whole new approach for loading and ensuring the safety of construction. Due to its brittle nature, it is necessary to predict all possible problems so that structural integrity would not be endangered. In this paper, different approaches to modelling the glass elements are presented with references to the advantages, disadvantages, and application of each of them. The intention is clear, there is a need to improve and simplify the design guidelines. Given the increasing use of glass in construction it is not practical to produce experimental tests each time when the verification is needed. Today, architecture is bringing us different types of structures and every project presents a new challenge for engineers. A practical and simple approach is crucial for progress and efficiency. In this paper, different approaches to modelling glass are presented with an emphasis on soft body impact.

Visual Attention Detection By Adaptive Non-Local Filter

  • Anh, Dao Nam
    • IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.49-54
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    • 2016
  • Regarding global and local factors of a set of features, a given single image or multiple images is a common approach in image processing. This paper introduces an application of an adaptive version of non-local filter whose original version searches non-local similarity for removing noise. Since most images involve texture partner in both foreground and background, extraction of signified regions with texture is a challenging task. Aiming to the detection of visual attention regions for images with texture, we present the contrast analysis of image patches located in a whole image but not nearby with assistance of the adaptive filter for estimation of non-local divergence. The method allows extraction of signified regions with texture of images of wild life. Experimental results for a benchmark demonstrate the ability of the proposed method to deal with the mentioned challenge.

Challenge of 2-dimensional Inorganic Nanoparticles in Nuclear Medicine

  • Sairan Eom;Jin-Ho Choy;Kyo Chul Lee;Yong Jin Lee
    • Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.119-128
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    • 2022
  • 2-Dimensional inorganic nanoparticles with high surface area and ion-exchangeable properties have been continuously growing based on nanotechnology in the field of nanomedicine. Among one of the 2-D nanoparticles, layered double hydroxide (LDH) has been intensively explored as drug delivery due to its low toxicity, enhanced cellular permeability, and high drug loading capacity. Moreover, controllable chemical composition makes possible varying isomorphic layered materials for therapy and imaging of diseases. In this review, specific structural characteristics of LDH were introduced, and its potential for application as a biocompatible therapeutic agent and diagnostic one was addressed in nuclear medicine, one of promising fields in nanomedicine.

Calculation of Solar radiation based on Cloud Data for Major cities of Korea (국내 주요도시의 운량데이터를 이용한 일사산출)

  • Yoo, Ho-Chun;Lee, Kwan-Ho;Park, So-Hee
    • 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.04a
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    • pp.142-147
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    • 2008
  • Limited fossil fuels and unstable energy supply are considered as one of the critical problems in architecture requiring large amounts of energy. In order to this challenge, environment-friendly architecture design is required. Especially, Application of solar energy as a clean energy source and one kind of renewable energy. Many sites however are mainly concentrated in the developed countries, and are scarcer within the developing world. Simple radiation estimation models using meteorologically observed input parameters are often used in the applications requiring rough estimations of solar radiation. In this paper, measurements of global solar radiation and cloud data hours in climatological locations in South Korea are used to develop an estimation in solar radiation. The results of measured data are compared with the results obtained from equations, internationally accepted correlations.

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