• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.245-258
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• 2010

흡연은 전신뿐 아니라 구강에서 발생하는 다양한 질병의 중요한 위험 인자이며, 치과의사가 금연 치료에 참여하는 것은 개인의 전신 건강과 치주치료와 임플란트 치료 같은 치과 치료의 예후에도 큰 차이를 보여주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 흡연이 구강암과 같은 생명을 위협하는 비교적 흔치 않은 질병으로부터 경미한 구강 내 증상에 이르기까지 구강 환경에 다양한 영향성과 관련한 많은 근거가 있음에도 불구하고, 흡연과 구강건강의 관련성에 대한 환자들의 인식 수준을 조사한 연구는 적고, 금연진료에 대한 국내 치의학계의 관심과 참여는 더욱 부족하다. 그러므로 본 연구는 국내 치과 외래 환자의 흡연 양상과 치과계의 금연 진료 현황을 파악하여 금연 진료 방향을 모색해 보고자 하였다. 대한치과의사협회 문화복지부의 후원으로 전국 11개 치과대학병원의 구강내과, 구강외과 및 치주과 환자 중 825명이 니코틴 패치를 이용한 4주 금연 프로그램 및 설문에 참여하였고, 297명이 금연 설문에 참여하였다. 각 설문지 분석을 통해 각 치과대학병원의 조사 현황, 치과 외래 환자의 흡연 양상을 분석하였고, 치과에서 시행된 4주간의 금연 치료의 참여목적과 성공률을 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 따르면, 흡연자는 주로 30-50대 중 장년층이 많았고, 흡연기간은 연령 증가에 비례하며, 하루 흡연량은 30대에서 가장 많았다. 금연시도는 30,40대에서 금연시도 비율이 높았고 그 기간은 대부분 1-3개월이었다. 흡연의 이유로는 스트레스 해소와 습관이 가장 높은 빈도를 보였으며 Heavy Smoking Index (HSI)는 20대가 가장 낮고 (71.4%) 60대가 가장 높았다(93.7%). 흡연 경고 문구에 대해 참가자의 68%는 금연을 떠올렸다. 구강질환(구강점막질환, 치주질환, 치아우식증)과 흡연의 관련성에 대한 실험참가자들의 인식도는 비교적 높았지만(50~68%) 금연 성공률은 일반 의과진료실에 비해 아주 낮은 결과를 보였다(22.7%). 흡연관련 질환 예방 업무에서의 치과의사의 중요성을 고려할 때, 금연치료에 치과의사들이 보다 적극적으로 참여할 수 있는 인식의 변화가 필요하다. 낮은 치료 성공율이 체계화되지 못한 진료내용 때문임을 고려할 때, 5As' 방법 등과 같은 금연관련 상담에 대한 지속적인 치과의사 교육과 환자 교육을 위한 다양한 자료의 개발을 통해 금연 성공률을 높일 수 있도록 해야 한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.2673-2680
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• 2013

Tobacco abuse is a major preventable cause of premature death and disease, including various cancers. The Global Adult Tobacco Survey India (GATS) 2009-10 revealed that more than one-third of adults use tobacco in one form or the other. Nearly two in five smokers and smokeless tobacco users made attempts to quit the habit in the past 12 months. Tobacco dependence is a chronic condition characterized by susceptibility of relapse over years. It can be well handled by sustained professional support from health care providers mainly through behavioral counseling and pharmacotherapy. Dental professionals can play a pivotal role in diagnosing and effectively managing tobacco dependence. Dental Institutions have rapidly grown in last two decades across the country and so has the curriculum been adapted to improve student competencies to accommodate changing disease patterns and technological advances, but not in regard to tobacco cessation. Untapped dental manpower like undergraduates, dental hygienists and other paramedical staff need effective training to be more penetrative. The present review paper explores the potential role of dental training institutions and recommends various approaches to counter public health jeopardy of tobacco related diseases.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.255-265
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• 2008

Purpose: The principal objective of this study was to assess the topics and research methods of smoking-related research and to suggest future research directions. Methods: The subjects of this study were smoking research articles supported by the National Health Promotion Funds from 1998 to 2007. A total of 41 articles were selected and analyzed from 1999 to 2005 using the frameworks such as topics, subjects contents, subjects, research field, and research design. Results: The most frequent topic of smoking-related research was the development & evaluation of educational programs for smoking prevention and smoking cessation (34.1%). The majority of the research subjects were adults (42.2%) and adolescents (35.9%). 31.7% of the total research researches was conducted at the nationwide population level. The most popular research design was the descriptive study (36.6%) in the non-experimental studies and nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design(19.5%) in the experimental study studies. Conclusion: The topics of smoking research should be planned under governmental strategies for decreasing to a 30% reduction in of smoking rates, as established in the 2010 Health Plan. With regard to the methodological aspects, longitudinal and nationwide research was first required so that we could plan an evidence-based program for smoking prevention and smoking cessation.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.73-86
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to effects of education program of smoking prevention and cessation through the linkages between subjects on smoking knowledge, grit, health promoting behaviors of college students in some area. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pre-post test design was used. The intervention group received the education program for 6 weeks from October 1 to November 15, 2019. The control group lived only usual daily life. Results: t-test showed that Smoking Knowledge (t=3.78, p<.001) and grit (t=3.75, p<.001) were significant differences between the two groups. In terms of health promotion behaviors, total(t=2.89, p=.002) and physical activity(t=3.20, p=.002), health responsibility(t=3.90, p<.001), spiritual growth(t=1.99, p=.049), interpersonal relations(t=2.61, p=.010) were significant difference between the two groups, in other hands nutrition(t=0.89, p=.372) and stress management(t=1.69, p=.092) were no significant difference between two groups. Conclusions: the education program of smoking prevention and cessation through the linkages between subjects was founded to be an effective education program in improving smoking Knowledge, grit, health promoting behaviors of college students in some area.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.278-286
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• 2003

In this study quality of tobacco cessation information provided through Internet web sites was evaluated in terms of retrievability, easy of use, user-supportiveness, feedback, and continuity. This study limited to those internet web sites developed and delivered by Korean public health service organizations or their related institutions or associations. This study analyzed 8 internet web sites and evaluation criteria developed by Chung, Yong Chul (2002) and Yoo, Sarah (2001) were used. Study results indicated that retrievability was evaluated low except search-speed of data: the easy of use was evaluated moderately: user-supportiveness was evaluated moderately: feedback, and continuity of those sites were evaluated low. The quality of tobacco cession information of those sites are needed to be improved. The development of guidelines for standardized health information on Internet web sites is necessary, too.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2018

Smokers keep smoking despite knowing that tobacco claims many lives, including their own and others'. What makes it hard for them to quit smoking nonetheless? Tobacco companies insist that smokers choose to smoke, according to their right to self-determination. Moreover, they insist that with motivation and willpower to quit smoking, smokers can easily stop smoking. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to discuss the addictive disease called tobacco use disorder, with an assessment of the addictiveness of tobacco and the reasons why smoking cessation is challenging, based on neuroscientific research. Nicotine that enters the body via smoking is rapidly transmitted to the central nervous system and causes various effects, including an arousal response. The changes in the nicotine receptors in the brain due to continuous smoking lead to addiction symptoms such as tolerance, craving, and withdrawal. Compared with other addictive substances, including alcohol and opioids, tobacco is more likely to cause dependence in smokers, and smokers are less likely to recover from their dependence. Moreover, the thinning of the cerebral cortex and the decrease in cognitive functions that occur with aging accelerate with smoking. Such changes occur in the structure and functions of the brain in proportion to the amount and period of smoking. In particular, abnormalities in the neural circuits that control cognition and decision-making cause loss of the ability to exert self-control and autonomy. This initiates nicotine dependence and the continuation of addictive behaviors. Therefore, smoking is considered to be a behavior that is repeated due to dependence on an addictive substance, nicotine, instead of one's choice by free will.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.563-572
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• 2003

Purpose: This study aimed to compare differences on sexual satisfaction between non-smokers and smokers of Korean adult males. Method: The subjects of this study were 304 current smokers and 331 current non-smokers(stop smokers, never smokers) (58.0%). Because of the nature of the study, the participants were recruited through a home page advertisement of a brand newspaper company in Korea, and the survey was done through Internet system. The tool to measure participant's sexual satisfaction was adopted from the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale-Male. Result: Participant's age ranged from 20 to 49, mostly in their 30s-40s(96.1%). They were smoking average of 15 cigarettes per day. There were no significant difference on sexual satisfaction between current smokers and non-smokers( t=-.55, p>.05). However, there were significant difference on sexual satisfaction between ever smokers(n=481) and never smokers(n=154) (t=2.10, p<.05). There were significant differences an erectile and orgasm satisfaction according to number of cigarettes they smoked per day. 54.5% smokers who said that they have difficulty in keeping erectile state considered on smoking cessation within 30 days whereas 24.2% in those who said that keeping erectile state was easy. Conclusion: Informing about the high risk of sexual dysfunction with cigarette smoking should become a important part of smoking cessation education and for smoking adolescents.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the effects of smoking prevention education on primary school students. Method: This study used a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 189 6th graders of two primary schools, of them, 97 were assigned to the experimental group and 92 were assigned to the control group. Smoking prevention education was applied in 7 sessions for 40 minutes every week. Survey was conducted before and one week after the smoking prevention education to examine student's knowledge of smoking, attitude, and smoking cessation intention. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and $x^2-test$, t-test using the SPSS Win 10.0 program. Results: After the completion of the smoking prevention education, there were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in smoking knowledge (t=2.651, p=.009), but smoking attitude (t=-.492, p=.623) and smoking cessation intention (t=-.425, p=.671) were not statistically significant between the two groups. Conclusion: The smoking prevention education for primary school students increased their knowledge on smoking but didn't have any significant impact on changing their smoking attitude and smoking cessation intention. Further study on longitudinal effect is recommended and the smoking prevention education should be provided continuously at school.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권20호
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• pp.8809-8814
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• 2014

The objective of this paper is to present the implementation and process evaluation of the first computer tailored program for smoking cessation among Romanian smokers. The program targeted adult smokers who declared the intention to quit smoking in the next six months. The intervention consisted of a letter tailored to several respondent characteristics: gender, cognitive variables (attitude, social influence, and self-efficacy), intention to quit smoking, goal and relapse prevention strategies (action and coping plans), and smoking behaviour. The first 80 participants entered into the program filled in a process evaluation questionnaire one month after the intervention. The results of our study confirmed that the participants had read and remembered the letter. Moreover, new for Romania, this approach was positively appreciated by the participant and the score received for the tailored letter was high. The opinions of the participants confirmed that the tailored letter provided information that was useful, trustworthy and relevant for the individual. At the same time, the participants appreciated the polite, easy to understand content of the letter. These data underlined the premises for continuing the program and for using the information and communication technologies for healthy lifestyle promotion among Romanian population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.5351-5354
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• 2013

Four hundred and thirty-five Chinese smokers who had attended the first smoking cessation clinic and received stage-matched individualized cessation counseling in Hong Kong during the period of August 2000 to January 2002 were successfully followed-up between February and August 2008. Some 38% of the participants (165/495) had stopped smoking during the 12-month follow-up after treatment. Participants with higher conscientiousness score (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.09 - 2.48) and lower openness to experience score (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.45 - 0.92) showed a greater likelihood of quitting smoking after controlling the effect of daily cigarettes smoked and stage of readiness at baseline. The study suggests an important role of conscientiousness and openness to experience on long-term quitting behaviors following treatment, and provides useful information for the development of matched intervention for smoking cessation among Chinese smokers.