• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.268-273
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• 2012

The definition of anaphylaxis is 'a serious, life-threatening generalized or systemic hypersensitivity reaction' and is considered as the life threatening adverse drug reaction. We experienced a case of cefotetan induced anaphylaxis with negative pre-skin test, used for surgical prophylaxis. A 82-year-old female was scheduled for total knee replacement therapy. She had no previous history of allergy and her skin test results were also negative. On her right knee surgery, she underwent cefotetan therapy as a surgical prophylaxis for a week with no problems identified. Next left knee surgery, she also received the prophylaxis of intravenous cefotetan. However, a few minutes later, anaphylactic reaction developed with vomiting, severe hypotension, bronchospasm, and dyspnea. After immediate intensive care treatment, she recovered without significant complications. Though commonly used laboratory data in case reports, such as the specific IgE, tryptase, histamine, or allergic skin prick test were limited, we successfully confirmed anaphylaxis based on clinical criteria for diagnosing anaphylaxis based on WAO 2011 guideline with through concurrent patient°Øs medical history review and the process of identifying the causes.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.42-46
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• 1986

The binding characteristics of five cephalosporins, cefamandole, ceftriaxone, cefoxitin, latamoxef, and cefotetan to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was examined by UV difference spectrophotometry. 2-(4'-hydroxybenzeneazo) benzoic acid was used as the spectrophotometric probe. Competitive bindings between the probe and cephalosporins were observed. Based on the Scatchard plot, the BSA appeared to have two classes of binding sites in BSA binding with cephalosporins. The number of primary binding sites appears to be one, secondary binding sites appears to be three. The binding constants were found as follows: BSA-HBAB; $K_1^{obs}$=8.39$\times$$10^4$ $M^{-1}$, $K_2^{obs}$=1.60$\times$$10^4$ $M^{-1}$, BSA-Cefamandole; $K_1^{obs}$=5.44$\times$$10^3$ $M^{-1}$, $K_2^{obs}$=0.74$\times$$10^3$ $M^{-1}$, BSA-Cefotriaxone; $K_1^{obs}$=6.78$\times$$10^3$ $M^{-1}$, $K_2^{obs}$=0.88$\times$$10^3$ $M^{-1}$, BSA-Cefoxitin; $K_1^{obs}$=7.24$\times$$10^3$ $M^{-1}$, $K_2^{obs}$=1.13$\times$$10^3$ $M^{-1}$, BSA-Latamoxef; $K_1^{obs}$=8.87$\times$$10^3$ $M^{-1}$, $K_2^{obs}$=1.92$\times$$10^3$ $M^{-1}$, BSA-Cefotetan; $K_1^{obs}$=15.41$\times$$10^3$ $M^{-1}$, $K_2^{obs}$=2.7$\times$$10^3$ $M^{-1}$.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.28-31
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• 1996

The in vitro inactivation of gentamicin and tobramycin by four cephalosporins (cefotetan, cefuroxime, cefodizime, cefotiam) in human serum was investigated. Each cephalosporin was added to human serum samples containing gentamicin sulfate or tobramycin sulfate. Blank samples containing only aminoglycosides were used as controls. Samples were stored at -20, 4 and $25^{\circ}C$ and were analyzed for aminoglycoside concentrations by fluorescence polarization immunoassay ($TDxFLx^{TM}$ system) at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after mixing. The serum containing cefotiam stored at $25^{\circ}C$ showed significant inactivation of gentamicin by $12\%$ at 72 hours. The results indicate that cefotitan, cefuroxime and cefodizime do not inactivate gentamicin and tobramycin while cefotiam inactivates gentamicin.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.495-500
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• 2021

This study investigated the prevalence, serotypes, virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Listeria monocytogenes isolates collected from salmon products. A total of 16 out of 65 salmon products (24.6%) were positive for L. monocytogenes. Bacteria were most frequently identified in smoked salmon products (15/53, 28.3%). Serological tests revealed that serotype 1/2b (62.5%) was the predominant serotype of L. monocytogenes, followed by 1/2a (37.5%). All isolates harbored 10 virulence-associated genes (inlA, inlB, plcA, plcB, hlyA, actA, prf, fbpA, iap, and mpl), confirming their potential pathogenicity. The isolates of L. monocytogenes showed resistance to cefotetan (100%), cefotaxime (87.5%), cefepime (31.3%), erythromycin (6.3%), and tetracycline (6.3%); however, most of the strains were susceptible to antimicrobials except cephalosporins. These results provide useful information regarding the contamination of salmon products with L. monocytogenes, which may have implications for public health.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.153-157
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• 2004

Bacteria isolated from nasal cavity of 50 Thoroughbred horses with respiratory tract infection were examined. There were isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa(33.5%), Escherichia coli(10.2%), Pseudomonas spp(7.6%), Klebsiella oxytoca(5.9%), Streptococcus equi subsp zooepidemious(6.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae(3.4%), Acinetobacter spp(5.5%) and coagulase negative staphylococcus(2.1%). The majority of isolates were highly susceptible to amikacin, amoxicillin, aztreonam, cefotaxime, cefepime, cefotetan, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin, gentamicin, imipenem, tetracyclin and vancomycin. These results can provide basic information for the treatments of respiratory tract infections in Thoroughbred horses.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.31-34
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• 2009

Purpose: This study compared the frequency of postoperative infections in patients for a closed mandibular fracture with that without the postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Patients and Methods: 48 patients without any specific medical history were divided into two groups depending on whether or not antibiotics had been applied after the surgery. The 24 patients in group 1 received only a second-generation cephalosporin ($Cefotetan^{(R)}$) intravenously from admission to immediate after the surgery. Likewise, 24 patients in group 2 received 1.0g of $Cefotetan^{(R)}$ twice daily longer than the third day after surgery. The mean (SD) duration of antibiotics administration after surgery was 6.9 (${\pm}3.56$). The patients were evaluated after surgery for any postoperative infections according to the criteria: purulent drainage from a wound, spontaneous wound dehiscence accompanied by swelling, pain, and fever around the wound. Results: Postoperative infections were encountered in 2 out of 24 patients in group 1, who received antibiotic medication until shortly after surgery, and in 3 out of the 24 patients in group 2, in whom the medication was continued even after the surgery. There was no sig nificant difference in the incidence of postoperative infections between the two groups. Conclusion: From this study, postoperative use of antibiotics seems to be unnecessary with view of the little significance of the factors that could affect the wound infection.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.47-51
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• 2009

A case of recurrent urinary tract infection by cysteine-requiring Escherichia coli in a 5-years-old child with congenital vesicoureteral reflux is described. This bacterium was not grown on MacConkey agar plate for overnight culture, and after 48hrs, tiny colonies were observed. These colonies were not identified by VITEK2 and Walkaway 96i without cysteine supplementation. The isolate was susceptible for cefotetan, ciprofloxacin and imipenem, and resistant for piperacillin/tazobactam, cephalothin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.104-110
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• 2004

To determine evolution and genotype of new chromosomal AmpC $\beta$-lactamases among clinical isolates of Enterobacter species, we performed antibiotic susceptibility testing, pI determination, sequencing, and phy-logenetic analysis using developed expression/secretion vector. Six isolates have shown to produce AmpC $\beta$-lactamases. Six genes of AmpC $\beta$-lactamases that are responsible for the resistance to cephamycins (cefoxitin and cefotetan), amoxicillin, cephalothin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were cloned and characterized in pMSG12119. Insert fragment containing the ampC genes was sequenced and found to have an open reading frame coding for 381-amino-acid $\beta$-lactamase. The nucleotide sequence of four ampC genes ($bla_EcloK992004.l$, $bla_EcloK995120.1$, $bla_EcloK99230$, and $bla_EareK9911729$) shared considerable homology with that of chromosomal ampC gene ($bla_EcloMHN1$) of E. cloacae MHN1 (more than 99.6% identity). The sequences of two ampC genes ($bla_EcloK9973$ and $bla_EcloK9914325$) showed close similarity to the chromosomal ampC gene ($bla_EcloQ908R$) of E. clo-acae 908R (99.7% identity). The results from phylogenetic analysis suggested that six ampC genes could be originated from $bla_EcloMHN1$ / or $bla_EcloQ908R$ / MIC patterns and exact pI values of six transformants indicated that the developed expression/secretion vector (pMSG1219) was suitable for the characterization of foreign genes in E. coli strain.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 2014

Listeria monocytogenes continues to be a important food safety concern. The aims of the present study were to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of L. monocytogenes. A total of 1,042 samples was collected from 2010 to 2011 in Seoul and twelve L. monocytogenes were isolated. Isolation rate was Gimbap (0.8%), Beef (yukhoe) (2.6%), Pork (cooked) (5.9%), Fish(cooked) (6.3%), and Salmon (11.1%), respectively. In this study, most of the isolates were susceptible to antibiotics. The most common resistance was cefotetan on 11 isolates, followed by cefotaxime on 7 isolates, cepefime on 6 isolates and tetracyclin on 3 isolates.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.564-572
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• 2016

In this study, we isolated and characterized Escherichia coli from mussels and inland pollution sources in or in proximity to the Changseon area on the southern coast of Korea in 2014. A total of 147 strains of E. coli were isolated from 54 mussels and 32 pollution-source samples. The susceptibility of the isolates to 24 antimicrobial agents was analyzed. The resistance of E. coli isolates to rifampin was highest at 100%, followed by cephalothin (98.6%), tetracycline (91.8%), amikacin (81.0%), ampicillin (79.6%), cefazolin (79.6%), streptomycin (73.5%), piperacillin (70.7%), gentamicin (37.4%), cefoxitin (35.4%), cefamandole (34.7%), tobramycin (29.9%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (24.5%), nalidixic acid (21.8%), trimethoprim (19.0%), chloramphenicol (17.7%), cefotaxime (12.9%), trimethoprim (10.9%), ceftazidime (10.2%), aztreonam (7.5%), imipenem (2.7%), cefepime (2.0%), and cefotetan (0.0%). In addition, the antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolates from inland pollution sources was slightly greater than or similar to that of isolates from mussels.