• 제목/요약/키워드: Causes and counterplan

검색결과 18건 처리시간 0.023초

소하천 시설물의 치수안정성 및 방재성 강화 필요성 연구 (A Study of Necessity to Improve Flood Control and Prevention of Creek)

  • 송주일;김정수;윤세의
    • 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국방재학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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    • pp.735-738
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    • 2008
  • Various characteristics of creek were not considered in designing creek for a long time. As result of that, a lot of reverse functions have been present in creek. In this study, a presentation of creek damage was investigated and differences river form creek design standards were analyzed. The damage of creeks accounts for 37.3 percent of total damage of rivers over the last 6 years. Besides, government should spend more money in restoring creeks. Considering that maintenance rate of domestic creeks is 37 %, counterplan should be prepared to prevent the damage of creeks. There are many kinds of causes in destroyed creek round. Specially, most damage was secondary that was caused by increase of flood elevation according to decrease in conveyance, local scour around structures, and failures because of inappropriate structures such as bridge, culvert, crossbeam, and drop in creek. These destroy types are in bend area. However, current creek design standards do not suggest solutions to prevent damages. Currently, there are no standards for bridge, and appropriate hight and width of culvert. Standards for crossbeam and drop could not reflect characteristics of creek. Therefore, it is need to improve the creek design standards for appropriate design and construction. That could improve flood control and prevention of creeks.

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농작업 근로자의 산업재해 특성에 대한 연구(2008년~2012년) (A Study on the Industrial Injury Characteristics in the Agricultural Workers for Five Years(2008~2012))

  • 김유창;김대수;박경환
    • 한국안전학회지
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    • 제29권6호
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    • pp.132-136
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    • 2014
  • Recently supporting policy of government for agricultural is changing from individual to workplace. For this reason, the number of industrial injury is increasing due to increase workplace in the agriculture. However, because the studies on the characteristics and causes of injury have not been performed, the effective measure for the prevention of industrial injury is difficult to establish. The aim of this study is to analyze the industrial injury characteristic and prepare the effective counterplan to prevent industrial injury of the workplace in the agriculture. This study analyzed 2,970 cases of industrial injury during the last five years (2008-2012) in the agriculture sector. The data was offered by Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency. The results of analysis the industrial injury characteristic of the workplace in the agriculture, number of industrial injury for source of industrial injury was 12.3% in the outdoor floor and injury type was 23.1% in the fall. This study analyzed industrial injury characteristic which size and type of workplace, injury type and source of industrial injury through the case of industrial injury in agriculture. The result of this study will be helpful to identify the industrial injury characteristic in the agriculture and prepares the effective industrial injury prevention method.

정상류 침투를 가정한 강우시 사면안정해석기법 (A methodological approach for slope stability analysis in Steady state infiltration)

  • 송평현;유병옥;안광국
    • 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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    • pp.736-744
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    • 2009
  • The abrupt failure of slope caused by a concentrated rainfall would be a disaster in this country. Specially, the soil slope may be collapsed by the rainfall seepage, however, there is not much information for the mechanism of slope failure during rainfall. As analyzing the stability of slope by rainfall, the conventional method is to put the ground-water level on the surface of slope. However, it may provide the over-reinforcement for the slope stability. Futhermore, although over-reinforcement for the slope was fulfilled, the possibility of potential slope failure still exists. In this study, the slope stability by the conventional design method and the causes of unstable slope during rainfall were investigated. To analyze the slope stability by rainfall, the computer program SEEP/W for the analysis of seepage was used. As changing the intensity and duration of rainfall in SEEP/W, the analysis were performed. After completion of analysis, the porewater pressure data from SEEP/W was applied to SLOPE/W. As a results of this analysis, it is not reasonable that the groundwater level is going up to the surface of slope during rainfall. Therefore, the conventional reinforcement for the slope stability is not obvious to satisfy the criterion safety factor during rainfall. The reasonable counterplan is to install drainage hole on the surface of slope in order to prevent erosion and debris flow.

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중·소규모 건설현장의 재해율 감소를 위한 위험성평가 방안 (A Risk Assessment Counterplan for Reducing the Accident Rates in Medium and Small sized Construction Sites)

  • 장윤라;고성석
    • 한국건설관리학회논문집
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    • 제19권5호
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    • pp.90-100
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    • 2018
  • 정부의 국민생명 지키기 3대 프로젝트의 일환으로 전체 사고성 사망사고의 절반이상을 차지하는 건설현장에서의 재해예방을 위한 감소대책과 근본적인 변화를 위한 안전 중시 문화 확산을 위해 사전예방의 실효성 있는 위험성 평가 방안이 필요한 실정이다. 건설재해 중 중 소규모 현장의 재해는 전체 건설 재해의 88.9%를 차지하고 있으며 이는 안전관리감독자의 부재로 인한 관리소홀과 사전 안전조치 미흡이 가장 큰 문제점이라 볼 수 있다. 이에 대한 중 소규모 건설현장의 재해예방을 위해서는 현장의 위험성을 평가하고 예방할 수 있는 적극적인 방안이 무엇보다도 필요하다고 생각된다. 이와 같은 관점에서 본 연구는 건설재해의 발생빈도가 높은 중 소규모건설현장의 재해율 저감을 위해 건설현장 안전관리 문제점을 도출 분석하여 재해다발요인의 중점 위험항목과 선제적이고 실천 가능한 위험성 평가 방안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다.

고속주행시 철도터널내 공기압 특성에 관한 기초연구 - 미기압(MPW)을 중심으로 (A study on the characteristics for aerodynamics at high speed in railway tunnels - focused on the micro pressure wave)

  • 김효규;최판규;유지오
    • 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.249-260
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    • 2014
  • 열차가 고속으로 터널을 진입할 때 압축파가 발생하게 된다. 이 압축파가 터널 출구부에 도달하면 일부는 외부로 방출되고 일부는 팽창파의 형태로 반사되어 터널내부로 전파된다. 이러한 파는 충격파의 형태로 외부로 방출되는데, 이를 미기압(micro pressure wave)이라고 한다. 미기압파는 터널 출구부에 소음 및 진동문제를 일으키며, 이 현상이 클수록 민가 및 주변 유리창에 손상과 거주자의 불안을 일으키는 원인이 된다. 따라서 고속철도 건설을 위해서는 미기압에 대한 대책과 이에 대한 예측이 필요한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 운영중인 터널에서의 미기압 측정사례와 터널내 압력기울기에 대한 수치해석을 통하여, 차량의 전두부 형상 및 터널 갱구부 형상에 따른 영향을 분석하였다. 그 결과로, 본 연구에서는 미기압파의 강도를 예측하는 방법을 제시하였으며, 이를 통해서 터널 연장과 단면적에 따른 미기압 강도를 해석하였다.

누수탐지를 위한 저비용 CAP형 TDR 탐사기법 (Low-Cost CAP-type TDR Exploration Techniques for Leak Detection)

  • 김진만;최봉혁;조진우;조원범
    • 대한토목학회논문집
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.1479-1487
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    • 2013
  • 최근 이상기후에 따른 홍수로 인해 하천제방 붕괴 및 홍수피해가 급증하고 있다. 하천제방 관련 홍수피해는 침투에 의한 제방붕괴 및 파이핑, 부적절한 축제재료선정, 다짐불량 등 제방누수와 관련된 제방파괴요인이 52% 정도를 차지하는 것으로 나타나, 이에 대한 대책으로 저비용 TDR(Time Domain Reflectometry) 하천제방 누수탐사기법과 같은 대책이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 아크릴로 제작된 소형 캡슐모양의 CAP(CAPsule)형 몰드 및 기존 탐침형 TDR를 사용하는 저비용 TDR 제방누수 모니터링시스템의 성능을 평가하고자 기존 TDR(탐침형, 튜브형)과 개발 CAP형 TDR에 대한 다양한 비교실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과, 평가된 TDR시스템은 20cm 정도의 누수탐사능력인 임계탐사능이 존재하며, 함수비, 건조단위중량 등에 대한 TDR 탐사 민감도의 경우 건조단위중량에 비해 함수비가 3배 이상 민감한 것으로 평가되었다. 또한, 개발 CAP형 TDR 시스템의 경우 함수비 측정을 위한 화강풍화토 지반 함수비(w)-유전상수(${\epsilon}$) 관계식을 제시하였다.

수공구조물 설계를 위한 PMF 및 임계지속시간 분석 (An Analysis of PMF and Critical Duration for Design of Hydraulic Structure)

  • 이상진;최형;신희범;박상길
    • 한국수자원학회논문집
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    • 제37권9호
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    • pp.707-718
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    • 2004
  • 최근 빈번한 기상이변에 따라 발생되는 자연재해에 대한 방재대책의 중요함이 절실히 요청되는 시점에서 수공구조물들의 설계빈도를 상향조정하는 등의 대책이 마련되고 있는 실정을 고려하여 유역의 수문학적 안정성을 확보하기 위한 최적방안을 마련하는데 필요한 강우의 임계지속시간 결정에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 특히 2002년 여름 강릉지역에 발생한 태풍 "루사"로 인한 집중호우는 기존 PMP 규모를 초과하는 사상 초유의 24시간 최대 강수량(880mm)을 기록하여 댐설계기준에 대한 재고가 불가피 하게 되었다. 홍수제어를 위한 수공구조물은 그 특성상 계획홍수량 결정에 최대치 개념이 도입되어야 하므로, 설계강우의 지속기간을 결정할 경우 강우로 인한 최대유출과 홍수총량이 최대가 되는 임계지속시간을 이용하여 검토하는 것이 필요하다 본 연구에서는 합성단위도(Clark방법, Nakayasu방법, SCS방법)등 각 수문요소에 따른 임계지속시간의 변동양상을 파악한 결과 24시간 강우지속시간시 총유출량 보다 임계지속시간개념으로 산정한 유출량이 크게 산출되었으며, PMP시 적용된 시간분포모형 (Huff 4분위법, IDF곡선 분포법, Mononobe방법)별 적합성을 기왕최대 실측치와 비교ㆍ평가함으로써 수문설계시 활용 할 수 있는 자료를 제시하고자 하였다.

근로자의 산업보건 지식과 태도에 관한 조사연구 (A Survey on the Knowledge and Attitude of Workers Concerning Occupational Health)

  • 박영식;조수열;남철현
    • 한국환경보건학회지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.3-18
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    • 1992
  • This research was carried out on 1,017 production workers for four months from May to August, 1991, to search more effective management method of their health by grasping their knowledge and attitude on industrial health. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. As for general characteristics, 74.2% were male and 25.8% were female among the 1,017 workers. The two largest age groups were 30~39, 38.7%. As for education level, graduation from high school was 58.6%, 61.2% were married, 35.9% owned their house, and workers who worked more than 1 year less than 5 years was 52.9%, workers who worked 8 hours a day was 46.7%, the largest group income level was 60~69 thousand won 21.2%, and the degree of satisfaction with work was ordinary, 45.6%. 2. The degree of recognition concerning occupational diseases was 92.5% at a very high rate. Causes of occupational diseases under the present work field were in order of noise, dust, heavy metal. The largest group of the counterplan for prevention was an improvement of working environment, 62.0%. 3. The major cause that threatens worker's health was poor working environment, 31.4%. As the best method for workers' health management, working environment management was pointed. 4. As for health examination result, the response that it is of use to health management was 53.8%. As for examination method and result, 42.7% responded that they are formal. The practice period was more than once every six months as the largest group, and the highest desire for improvement was that they wants an exact information of the result. 5. 49.3% of the respondents know about the measurement of working environment an the response that the measurement is necessary to improve working environment was 57.9%, and that the results from the measurement were reflected on improvement an management 57.5%. Appropriate period to take a measurement was more than once per six months, 40.2% and per three months, 29.1%. 6. As for safety and halth instruction, 34.5% were educated for both, 38.2% for only safety education and just 4.6% for only health education. 51.9% responded that they had never been educated out of work place. The period of its practice was more than once a month, 39.5% and every three months, 21.3%. 7. The importance of safety and health showed that the one is equal to the other, 59.8%, that the one is more important, 29.6%, and that other is more important, 7.6%. 67.7% said the necessity of a safety and health manager. 8. In spite of more or less health obstacle of work environment, 14.9% of the respondents wanted to overwork to gain an allowance for over-time work, 39.9% didn't, and 40.2% according to condition and state. 9. As the most important cause of industrial accident, 40.2% indicated unsafe behavior. As for the individual protective instrument, 66.1% of all the respondents said they have worn it to protect industrial diseases. 10. As for the degree of understanding of the contents in Industrial Safety and Health Law and Industrial Law of Accident Insurance, an affirmative response was respectively 49.3% and 50.8% and the sources of safety-health information were televisions and radios, 28.0%. Therefore, it is necessary that we do positive working environmental improvement, continuous management and health education's inforcement to increase their health and prevent occupational diseases.

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