• 한국안전학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2002

During the last ten years, effort has been made for reducing maintenance cost for aged equipments and ensuring safety, efficiency and profitability of petrochemical and refinery plants. Hence, it was required to develop advanced methods which meet this need. RBI(Risk Based Inspection) methodology is one of the most promising technology satisfying the requirements in the field of integrity management. In this study, a qualitative assessment algorithm for RBI based on the API 581 code was reconstructed for developing an RBI software. The user-friendly realRBI software is developed with a module for evaluating qualitative risk category using the potential consequence factor and the likelihood factor.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.191-199
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• 2019

To calculate proper seismic design load and seismic design category, the exact site class for construction site is required. At present, the average shear-wave velocity for multi-layer soil deposits is calculated by the sum of shear-wave velocities without considering of vertical relationship of the strata. In this study, the transfer function for the multi-layered soil deposits was reviewed on the basis of the wave propagation theory. Also, the transfer function was accurately verified by the finite element model and the eigenvalue analysis. Three methods for site period estimation were evaluated. The sum of shear-wave velocities underestimated the average shear-wave velocities of 526 strata with large deviations. The equation of Mexican code overestimated the average shear-wave velocities. The equation of Japanese code well estimated the average shear-wave velocities with small deviation.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.161-171
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• 2021

For the fatigue design of offshore structures, it is essential to understand and use the S-N curves specified in various industry standards and codes. This study compared the characteristics of the S-N curves for five major codes. The codes reviewed in this paper were DNV Classification Rules (DNV GL, 2016), ABS Classification Rules (ABS, 2003), British Standards (BSI, 2015), International Welding Association Standards (IIW, 2008), and European Standards (BSI, 2005). Types of stress, such as nominal stress, hot-spot stress, and effective notch stress, were analyzed according to the code. The basic shape of the S-N curve for each code was analyzed. A review of the survival probability of the basic design S-N curve for each code was performed. Finally, the impact on the conservatism of the design was analyzed by comparing the S-N curves of three grades D, E, and F by the five codes. The results presented in this paper are considered to be a good guideline for the fatigue design of offshore structures because the S-N curves of the five most-used codes were analyzed in depth.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2006

우리나라의 화장품법상 유형분류를 기준으로 수출입 통계에서 사용되는 HS 코드를 맵핑하여 통합분류를 통한 2004년 국내 시장분석을 실시하였다. 내수 규모(생산액 - 수출액 + 수입액)는 3,272 십억원으로서 2003년 대비 5.6% 감소하였다. 국내 화장품 생산실적은 2003년 대비 0.6% 감소되었고 수입은 4.4% 감소하였으나 수출은 55.7% 증가하였다. 수출품목 중 면도용과 두발용 화장품이 높은 증가율을 보였다. 내수실적은 방향용, 염모용, 메이크업용 등의 감소가 두드러졌으며 어린이용, 매니큐어용 두 품목만이 증가하였다. 수입제품 점유율(=수입액/내수액)은 17.8%로서 2003의 18.0%에 이어 정체되고 있는 경향이다. 유형별로는 방향용(79.6%), 염모용(27.6%) 및 목욕용(26.6%)의 점유율이 높았다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.209-224
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• 2017

Elevated water tanks are considered as important structures due to its post-earthquake requirements. Elevated water tank on reinforced concrete frame staging is widely used in India. Different response reduction factors depending on ductility of frame members are used in seismic design of frame staging. The study on appropriateness of response reduction factor for reinforced concrete tank staging is sparse in literature. In the present paper a systematic study on estimation of key components of response reduction factors is presented. By considering the various combinations of tank capacity, height of staging, seismic design level and design response reduction factors, forty-eight analytical models are developed and designed using relevant Indian codes. The minimum specified design cross section of column as per Indian code is found to be sufficient to accommodate the design steel. The strength factor and ductility factor are estimated using results of nonlinear static pushover analysis. It was observed that for seismic design category 'high' the strength factor has lesser contribution than ductility factor, whereas, opposite trend is observed for seismic design category 'low'. Further, the effects of staging height and tank capacity on strength and ductility factors for two different seismic design categories are studied. For both seismic design categories, the response reduction factors obtained from the nonlinear static analysis is higher than the code specified response reduction factors. The minimum dimension restriction of column is observed as key parameter in achieving the desired performance of the elevated water tank on frame staging.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2008

본 연구는 방사선사를 대상으로 신체 부위별 근골격계 질환의 유병률과 이런 증상에 영향을 주는 요인을 파악함으로써 방사선사의 직업성 근골격계 질환을 예방하고 관리하는데 목적이 있고 조사대상으로 대전광역시에 소재한 5개 종합병원의 현 근무부서에 1년 이상 근무하고 있는 방사선사 219명을 대상, 조사기간은 2007년 6월 13일부터 2007년 6월 27일까지였고, 설문지는 전체 방사선사 219명 중 180명에게 무작위로 배부하였으며, 그 중 143명을 분석대상으로 하였다. 조사는 자기기입식 설문서(self-administered questionnaire)를 이용하였고 조사 내용은 근골격계 자각증상부위 및 증상 유해 요인에 대해 구성해 보았다. 자각증상에 대한 조사는 미국의 국립산업안전보건연구소(National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; NIOSH)에서 정한 근골격계 증상 기준을 근거로 한국 산업안전공단(2003)에서 작성한 근골격계 부담 작업 유해요인 조사지침(KOSHA code H-30-2003)의 근골격계 질환 증상조사표를 이용하였고 증상 유해 요인은 노동부 고시 2003-24의 11가지 부담 작업 기준을 가지고 유해 요인 조사 항목에 사용하였다. 분석 방법은 각 신체 부위별 증상에 영향을 주는 요인의 교차비를 계산하기 위하여 증상호소 유무를 종속 변수로 하고, 일반적 변수 및 다른 변수들을 보정한 상태에서 노동부 고시 작업 부담 11개 항목을 독립변수로 하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 다음으로 11개 항목 중 신체 부위별로 통계적으로 유의한 변수들만 선택하여 Forward Wald 방법을 이용한 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하여 각 위험 요인의 교차비를 계산하였다. 통계분석은 SPSSWIN(버젼 12.0)통계 프로그램을 사용하였다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to suggest a way to easily understand and utilize the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) or Korean Standard Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (KCF), a common and standard language related to health information. METHODS: The tools used by physical therapists to evaluate the functioning of neurological patients were collected from 10 domestic hospitals. By applying the ICF linking rule, two experts compared, analyzed, and linked the concepts in the items of the collected tools and the ICF/KCF codes. The frequency of use of the selected tool, the matching rate of the liking results of two experts, and the number of the codes linked were treated as descriptive statistics and the code set was presented as a list. RESULTS: The berg balance scale, trunk impairment scale, timed up and go test, functional ambulation category, 6 Minute walk test, manual muscle test, and range of motion measurements were the most commonly used tools for evaluating the functioning. The total number of items of the seven tools was 33, and the codes linked to the ICF/KCF were 69. Twenty-two codes were mapped, excluding duplicate codes. Ten codes in the body function, 11 codes in the activity, and one code in the environmental factor were included. CONCLUSION: The information on the development process of the code set will increase the understanding of ICF/KCF and the developed code set can conveniently be used for collecting patients' functioning information.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제8D권6호
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• pp.843-852
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• 2001

소프트웨어의 오류에 대한 통계를 보면 구현단계보다 분석과 설계 단계에 더 중요하고 많은 오류가 유입된다. 따라서 소프트웨어의 분석 및 설계 작업의 결과인 디자인 모델이 요구에 맞게 설계되었는지, 또는 구조적으로 적합한지 잘 점검할 필요가 있다. 이 논문에서는 객체지향 설계 방법으로 사용되고 있는 UML로 표현된 설계 모델을 효과적으로 테스트할 수 있는 방법에 대해 논의하였다. UML 모델을 이루는 각 요소들에 대한 제약조건을 OCL(Object Constraint Language)로 기술하고 카테고리 분할 방법을 이용하여 UML모델을 테스트하기 위한 데이터를 생성하는 방법을 제안하였다. 생성된 테스트 데이터를 이용하여 객체지향으로 설계된 모델뿐만 아니라 개발된 시스템의 기능 테스트를 수행할 수 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.512-523
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• 2014

본 연구는 Flanders 언어상호작용 분석법을 활용하여 대학부설영재원 수학영재 수업에서 교수-학생 간의 언어적 상호작용을 분석한다. 연구문제는 수학영재 수업의 1)Flanders 코드 항목별 결과는 어떠한가? 2)언어형태는 어떠한가? 3)Flanders 지수결과는 어떠한가? 연구대상은 대학부설 영재교육원 중등 수학반 수업이며, 수업과정을 비디오 녹화한 동영상을 AF분석 프로그램 3.54를 활용하여 분석한 결과 1)Flanders 코드 항목별 분석결과, 교사의 비지시적 발언보다 지시적 발언이, 학생의 반응적인 발언보다 자진적인 발언이 많은 것으로 나타났고, 분류 항목별 빈도수는 강의, 학생의 자진적인 말, 활동 등이 전체수업의 대부분을 차지하였다. 2)수업 흐름은 대체적으로 바람직한 수업 흐름 모델을 따르지 않는 것으로 나타나, 학생 발언에 대한 교사의 적절한 피드백이 요구된다. 3)지수 분석 결과, 수정 비지시, 교사 질문비, 학생 발언비, 학생 질문 및 넓은 답변비는 분석기준보다 높게 나타났고, 비지시는 분석 기준보다 낮게 나타났다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2019

Objectives: To analyze the prescription frequency of various herbs as either individual or major herbs (in terms of dosage) and their usage patterns in the treatment of different diseases for standardization of traditional Korean medicine. Methods: We analyzed the prescription database of patients at the Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital from the date of establishment of the hospital to February 2013. The complete prescription data were extracted from the electronic medical records of patients, and the prescription frequencies of individual herbs, particularly, of major herbs, were analyzed in terms of gender, age, and international classification of diseases (ICD) code. Results: The prescription frequency of individual herbs based on age and gender showed a similar pattern. Herbal mixtures were also distributed in a similar manner. The use of some herbs differed according to age and gender (Table 1.). The herbs that were used at high frequencies for a given ICD code had similar usage patterns in different categories. However, some major herbs in the "Jun (King)" category were used uniquely for a given ICD code (Table 2.). There was significant difference between male and female on ICD code E and N, but the other ICD codes had small differences. The ratio of herbal medicine by gender showed different usage patterns in each gender. Conclusions: The findings of our study provide fundamental data that reflect the real clinical conditions in South Korea, and therefore, can contribute to the standardization of TKM.