• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was a descriptive research to provide fundamental data in ensuring a high quality of nursing service needed by children's parent according to perception of uncertainty and care satisfaction of them between pediatric outpatient department and emergency room. Methods: For this study, 192 children's parents were questioned in a general hospital located in Busan from August 1 to 31. 2009. The collected data were scored by use of frequencies, $x^2$ test, t-test, AONVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient via SPSS/WIN 17.0. Results: With the compare of characteristics related to children's parents visiting emergency room and pediatric outpatient department, there were statistically significant difference in relation and age of parent, main caregiver, cause of arrival, and waiting time from arrival to procedure. The perception of uncertainty for parent in the emergency room showed significant difference to outpatient department. In nursing service, the highest score was category of professional skill and technic. In addition, overall parents' perceptions on providing information showed lower than any other nursing service. Last but not least, a significant correlation indicated between the perception of uncertainty and satisfaction of nursing service. Conclusion: Efforts to improve parent satisfaction for nursing service are needed to decrease their perception of uncertainty. Providing information and communication by nurses are necessary to improve quality of nursing service.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.613-622
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate infants' development, parenting characteristics, and the infants' daily routines by monthly family income, and examine variables related to infants' development. The 2010 data of the panel study on Koreans were used. The sample for this analysis was 1,802 children aged 21-23 months and their parents. The data were analyzed with ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 18.0. The results were as follows: First, the development of infants differed by the family income. Infants' communication and problem solving skills in families with an income at the 25th percentile or below was lower than those above the 25th percentile. Second, parenting characteristics differed by family income. In the lower income group, the mother's parenting stress was highest, but the father's parenting time on weekends was lowest. Third, the most frequent activity of infants differed by family income. Playing with friends or caregivers was lowest, but watching TV and videos was highest in the lower income family group. Fourth, there was a relation among infants' development (communication and fine motor skills) and parenting characteristics (mother's parenting style, stress, and father's parenting time on weekends), and the infants' daily routines (playing with friends or caregivers). Fine motor development was affected by playing with a caregiver.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to identify the relationship between goodness-of-fit for mother-preschool child dyads and parenting stress experienced by the mother. Methods: Study participants were 500 mothers who had children aged 3 to 5 who attended one of ten kindergartens or infant schools in M City or B City. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated using the SPSS program. Results: Comparison of goodness-of-fit scores for mother-preschool child dyad according to the characteristics of the participants, showed a significant difference according to child's age, gender, and birth order, mother's education and occupation, father's age and education, family income, and the chief caregiver in the family. There was a positive correlation between goodness-of-fit scores for mother-child dyad and parenting stress scores for mothers. Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate a need to identify differences between children's behavioral problems and parenting styles according to the degree of discord in the mother-child temperaments. It is also necessary to develop and apply nursing programs to promote harmonizing of temperaments, programs in which the characteristics of the child and the mother are considered.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of children's behavior problems and child-rearing stress to rejective parenting attitude in mothers. Methods: Study participants were 595 mothers who had children aged 3 to 5 who attended one of 10 kindergartens or infant schools in M or B Cities. The instruments used for this study were a self-report questionnaire, CBCL (Child Behavior Check List), PARQ (Parenting Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire), and PSI (Parenting Stress Index Short Form by Abidin). Regression analysis was the statistical method used for data analysis. Results: The factors associated with rejective parenting attitude were child-rearing stress, birth order, mother's education, the major caregiver in the family, and the type of family. These factors explained 33.7% of rejective parenting attitude. Conclusion: The findings indicate a need to develop and provide parenting programs to reduce child-rearing stress in mothers.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.28-38
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the role and role burden of caregivers with hospitalized children. Methods: The participants included 149 main caregivers from two pediatric hospitals whose children have been hospitalized for at least 2 days at children's hospital. The data were collected from August 1 to september 30, 2013 using self-report questionnaires of checklist type for caregivers' role and Likert scale for role burden. Results: Role for hospitalized children showed that personal hygiene was the highest, and consultation with nurses and doctors was the lowest in total frequency per day. Of the role for the caregivers themselves and family, personal hygiene was the highest, and home management was the lowest. The degree of role burden perceived by hospitalized children's caregivers was the slightly high. Of the categories, emotional burden was the highest and dependent burden was the lowest. There were differences by caregivers' age, children's age, and children's health status. Conclusion: The caregivers performed various roles, especially more frequently on personal hygiene and nutrition for their hospitalized children and themselves and family, and had slightly high role burden. These results may contribute to develop nursing interventions that can help adapt on hospitalization of children and their caregivers.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.125-150
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the parental role that men experience during parental leave. From the moment when a man decides to take parental leave, to his experiences during parental leave, and to the father's role that lasts until after reinstatement, this course will be examined. Methods: The subjects of this study were five fathers who were taking parental leave. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews done on Zoom, telephone calls and e-mail. Results: The results are as follows. First, the motive for the father's decision to take parental leave was that he wanted to take a break from work and to spend time with his children. Second, the father had experiences of a caregiver and secure-base for his ones. Also, he experienced intergenerational transmission of his parental role. Third, the father's role was maintained even after parental leave. Conclusion/Implications: The decision to take parental leave was a process of conformation of one's own decision. The parental role of the father was experienced through daily life and interaction with his children. And that continued even after parental leave.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.893-904
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• 2000

The sample of this study consisted of 140 informal caregivers who provided care to the older adults(over 60 years of age) in Great Cleveland, USA. Self-rated questionnaires were utilized to collect information. The purpose of the study was to identify coping strategies most frequently utilized by informal caregivers of older adults and to examine predictors of the caregivers' health responses to the caregiving situation applying Lazarus and Folkman stress model(1984). Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify significant predictors among caregivers' demographic-socio-economic factors, older adult's dependency of activities of daily living(ADLs), caregiver's appraisal to the caregiving situation, and coping strategies. Informal caregivers (N=140) included in the study utilized help-seeking and problem-solving coping strategies more than self-blame and minimization of threat coping strategies. Caregivers' responses to the caregiving situation were observed by caregivers' perceived physical health, depression and life satisfaction. For perceived physical health, threat appraisal, older adult's dependency on ADLs, existential growth coping strategy, and monthly income accounted for 25% of the variance. Caregivers who appraised the caregiving situation as more threatening, reported higher dependency on ADLs, used more existential growth coping strategy, and had higher monthly income reported better physical health. For depression, threat appraisal, stress appraisal, existential growth coping strategy, self-blame coping strategy, and monthly income accounted for 48% of the variance. Caregivers who used more existential growth coping and less self-blame coping, appraised the situation as less threatening, less stressful, and had higher monthly income reported less depression. For life satisfaction, self-blame coping, existential growth coping, monthly income, stress appraisal accounted for 49% of the variance. Caregivers who used more existential growth coping, less self-blame coping, less stress appraisal, lower monthly income reported better life satisfaction. In conclusion, informal caregivers in this study utilized positive coping strategies such as problem-focused, existential growth, help-seeking, rather than negative coping strategies including self-blame. When they utilized positive coping strategies more often, caregivers experienced higher perceived physical health, higher life satisfaction and lower depression. Therefore, nursing intervention which utilized positive coping strategies is needed to enhance informal caregivers to have positive health responses to the caregiving demands.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

목적: 본 연구는 입원한 폐암환자의 수면의 질을 파악하기 위한 것으로 그 구체적인 목적은 대상자의 제(인구사회학적, 질병관련) 특성을 파악하고, 수면의 질과 제 특성에 따른 수면의 질을 파악하는 것이다. 방법: 연구대상은 B시에 소재한 K대학 부속병원에서 임의표집 한 입원 폐암환자 50명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료수집기간은 2001년 1월 21일부터 4월8일까지였다. 자료수집방법은 환자에게 설문지를 배부하여 대상자가 직접 기입하도록 하여 회수하였다. 측정도구는 수면의 질을 측정하기 위해 오진주 등(1999)이 개발한 15문항으로 구성된 '수면측정도구 A'를 사용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 10.0 프로그램을 이용하여 통계처리 하였으며, 실수와 백분율, 평균, 평균평점과 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, Post-hoc test(Scheffe's test)로 분석하였다. 결과: 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 대상자의 수면의 질은 평균 $35.64{\pm}7.59$로 나타났다. 2. 대상자의 제 특성과 관련된 수면의 질은 현재 통증(t=-1.943, P=.046), 주간호제공자(F=2.863, P=.047), 체중의 변화(F=5.906, P=.019)에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 사후검정(Scheffe's test)결과 체중 증가군($43.50{\pm}4.03$)이 체중변화가 없는 군($29.44{\pm}6.00$)보다 유의하게 수면의 질이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 폐암환자의 수면의 질과 관련된 변수로 나타난 현재 통증, 주간호제공자, 체중변화의 요인들을 간호제공 시 고려함으로 폐암환자의 수면의 질을 향상시키고, 건강을 증진시킬 수 있으리라 생각된다. 폐암환자의 수면의 질 향상을 위해 수면에 영향을 주는 다른 변인에 관한 연구가 필요하고, 수면을 개선시킬 수 있는 간호 중재방안의 개발이 요구된다.

• 호스피스학술지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.21-40
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• 2002

Cancer is the second leading cause of the death in Korea. Family caregivers of dying patients manifest many psychological and physical symptoms of stress, and they often seek for informational support from health care providers. Unfortunately, however, few systematic studies identify the actual effect of such support on family caregivers. This study, thus, intends to evaluate the effect of informational support for hospice care. One group pretest-posttest design was used, employing the stress-coping model by Cohen and Wills as a conceptual framework. This research was conducted from July 1 to November 15, 1998, initially with 32 subjects sampled from hemato-oncology department of two general hospitals in Seoul, but reduced to 18 at the end due to the untimely death of patients or caregiver's refusal during the course of study. Informational supports were programmed to provide the family caregivers with 8 times of education and counseling as well as 24-hour hot-line for 4 weeks. A booklet that explains the various problems of hospice care was also prepared and distributed to all subjects. Data were collected by using self-report questionnaires and reviewing medical records. The tools used in this study were based on the Weinert's PRQ-II(scale of perceived social support), Spielberger's state anxiety inventory, and CES-D. Also included in the data collection were the general characteristics of family caregivers and patients, and the pain intensity and the performance status of patients. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon sign rank test and paired t-test using SPSSWIN program. The results of the study were as follows: 1.The perceived social support of family caregivers was not significantly increased with informational support for hospice care(t=1.64, one tailed p=.060). 2.The anxiety of family caregivers was significantly reduced following informational support for hospice care(t=3.48, one tailed p=.002). 3.The depression of family caregivers was significantly reduced following informational support for hospice care(t=-2.18, one tailed=.022). 4.The pain intensity of patients with terminal cancer was significantly reduced following informational support for hospice care(t=-2.41, two tailed p=.027). The results suggest that the informational support provided to family caregivers of patients with terminal cancer reduced not only their anxiety and depression but also the pain intensity of patients. Further study is necessary to consolidate the conceptual framework of this study with expanded number of subjects. Nevertheless, it was certain that the informational support program for hospice care was very helpful to both caregivers and patients. Thus, the informational support program is strongly recommended for the hospitals which have no hospice unit yet.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권11호
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• pp.1194-1199
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• 2009

Child abuse is defined by a recent act or failure to act that results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation, or imminent risk of serious harm; involved a child; and is carried out by a parent or caregiver. This report provides guidance in the clinical approach to the evaluation of suspected physical abuse in children, and role of pediatrician. The medical assessment is outlined with obtaining a medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic testing. A minor form of child abuse which only involves skin injury is most frequently seen by a pediatrician. This kind of child abuse can be followed by more severe forms of child abuse, which have high mortality rates and cause serious physical and mental sequelae to the survivor. Therefore, a pediatrician's role in an early detection and prevention of child abuse is very important.