• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.193-199
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• 1996

Effects of addition of various additives, sucrose fatty acid ester 1170 (SE), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and soy bean oil (SO) on textural characteristics for untreated and defatted corn and mung bean starch gels stored at room temperature for 24 hrs and 72 hrs were studied. In sensory and instrumental characteristics of starch gels with additives (0.5% for starch basis), the acceptability was highly correlated with cohesiveness and bend property of starch gels stored 24 hrs and springiness, cohesiveness, color, smoothness, bend property, hardness and clarity of starch gels stored 72 hrs. Regardless of adding additives, textural characteristics of defatted corn starch gels showed somewhat higher values than that of com starch gels. The acceptability of starch gels with additives was somewhat lowered in all the cases, which showed highly correlated in cohesiveness for 24 hrs and springiness for 72 hrs. Instrumental characteristics were similar to those of sensory evaluation, which showed no significant difference with additives.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.215-221
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• 2017

The biological activity of water-soluble polysaccharide (WSP) fractions extracted from Cedrela sinensis was examined in this study. Cedrela sinensis was extracted using hot water, ultrasonication, and enzymes (Viscozyme, Shearzyme) and precipitated using ethanol to produce crude polysaccharides. The yield (3.51%) and total polysaccharide content (28.03 g/100 g) of WSP extracted using Shearzyme (WSPs) were highest compared to other extracts. The antioxidant activity of WSP extracted using hot water was highest and had the lowest $IC_{50}$ values in DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and superoxide dismutase-like activity. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity increased as the concentration increased. All extracts showed higher retardation effects on glucose and bile acid compared to the control; particularly, WSPs showed a similar glucose retardation effect to carboxymethyl cellulose. This study suggests that WSP from C. sinensis can be used as a functional food material.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.4435-4440
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• 2013

Aloe vera gel supercritical $CO_2$ extract (AVGE) has been shown to contain five phytosterols, reduce visceral fat accumulation, and influence the metabolism of glucose and lipids in animal model experiments. Recent epidemiologic studies have shown that obesity is an established risk factor for several cancers including colorectal cancer. Therefore, we examined the effects of AVGE on intestinal polyp formation in Apc-deficient Min mice fed a high-fat diet. Male Min mice were divided into normal diet (ND), high fat diet (HFD), low dose AVGE (HFD+LAVGE) and high dose AVGE (HFD+HAVGE) groups. The ND group received AIN-93G diet and the latter 3 groups were given modified high-fat AIN-93G diet (HFD) for 7 weeks. AVGE was suspended in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and administered orally to mice in HFD+LAVGE and HFD+HAVGE groups every day (except on Sunday) for 7 weeks at a dose of 3.75 and 12.5 mg/kg body weight, respectively. ND and HFD groups received 0.5% CMC alone. Between weeks 4 and 7, body weights in the HFD and HFD+LAVGE groups were reduced more than those in the ND group. However, body weights were not reduced in the HFD+HAVGE group. Mice were sacrificed at the end of the experiment and their intestines were scored for polyps. No significant differences were observed in either the incidence and multiplicity of intestinal polyps (${\geq}0.5$ mm in a diameter) among the three groups fed HFD. However, when intestinal polyps were categorized by their size into 0.5-1.4, 1.5-2.4, or ${\geq}2.5$ mm, the incidence and multiplicity of large polyps (${\geq}2.5$ mm) in the intestine in the HFD+HAVGE group were significantly lower than those in the HFD group. We measured plasma lipid (triglycerides and total cholesterol) and adipocytokine [interleukin-6 and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin] levels as possible indicators of mechanisms of inhibition. The results showed that HMW adiponectin levels in the HFD group were significantly lower than those in the ND group. However, the levels in the HFD+HAVGE group were significantly higher than those in the HFD group. These results indicate that HAVGE reduced large-sized intestinal polyps and ameliorated reduction in plasma HMW adiponectin levels in Min mice fed HFD.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.196-202
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• 2000

A gene for cellulolytic xylanase of Bacillus circulnns ATCC21365 was cloned on pUC 19 in Eschwichia coli. The recombinant plasniid pXLI80 contained an 1.8 id, inselt composed of0.5 kb and 1.3 kb PslI fragments derived from B, circulans. The 0.5 kh fragment in the upstream region of 1.3 kb one was confirmed lo be indispensable for not only expression but also hyperexpression of the cloned gene. The transformant overproduced the xylanase 135 times greater than that produced by the orlginal B circulnns. The optimum pH and temperature of the cloned enzyme we]-e pH 5.2 and $60^{\circ}C$, respectively. Heal pretl-eatment at TEX>$55^{\circ}C$C for 1 Indid not cause inhibition of the activity of this enzyme. The elm.ynie could hydl-olyre CMC and lichenan as well as xylan to produce xylose(or GI), xylohiose(or G2) and xylolnose(or G3) as inah products. Hence We defined the cloned enzyme as a cellulolytic xylanase. The SDS-PAG electrophoretic mobility and zyiiogram of this enzyme derived from whole cell extracts or c~~lture supematants or E. coli(pXL180) indicated a molecular weight of 45,000 and nonprocessing of the enzyme in the peilplasln of E. coli.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.283-290
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• 2015

In this study was selected the cellulolytic microorganism and investigated optimum condition of cellulase production for the cellulosic bioethanol production. A bacterial strain Paenibacillus jamilae BRC15-1, was isolated from soil of domestic reclaimed land. For optimizing cellulase production from the selected strain, various culture parameters were investigated such as culture medium, pH (pH 4~10), temperature ($25{\sim}50^{\circ}C$) and culture time (2~72 h). As a result, P. jamilae BRC15-1 efficiently produced cellulase from cellulosic biomass under following conditions: 24 h of culture time (pH 7, $40^{\circ}C$) in manufactured media of CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) with peptone. Optimum saccharifying condition of crude enzyme produced from P. jamilae BRC15-1 was identified on pH 6 and $40^{\circ}C$ of reaction temperature, respectively. This crude enzyme from P. jamilae BRC15-1 was used for saccharification of pretreated sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor var. dulciusculum Ohwi) bagasse under the optimal condition. Finally, pretreated sweet sorghum bagasse including 0.1 g of glucan was saccharified by crude enzyme of P. jamilae BRC15-1 into 2.75 mg glucose, 0.79 mg xylose and 1.12 mg arabinose.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.281-294
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• 2018

Molecular analysis using the internal transcribed spacer region sequences revealed that the strains used in this study, which were formerly identified as Panellus serotinus, are Panellus edullis. After Universal Fungal PCR Fingerprinting (UFPF) analysis, eight strains of P. edulis were divided into two groups. We conducted fundamental research on mycelial growth and sawdust cultivation to understand the cultural characteristics of eight wild P. edulis strains collected from Korean forests. All strains showed faster and denser mycelial growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA) than on other media (malt extract agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar). Optimal conditions for mycelial growth were: $20^{\circ}C$ on PDA, $25^{\circ}C$ on potato dextrose broth (PDB), and pH 5~8 on PDB at $25^{\circ}C$. Two strains (NIFoS 2407, 3993) were selected as excellent strains based on mycelial growth and density on PDA. NIFoS 2792 showed high cellulase activities on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) agar, and NIFoS 2387 and 2804 exhibited high laccase activities on ABTS-containing agar media. The mycelial growth of P. edulis was the fastest on Quercus acutissima and Q. mongolica sawdust media, and mycelial density was the highest on Quercus spp. sawdust-containing media. Sawdust cultivation of P. edulis was successful. The conditions were 80~85 days of cultivation period after spawn inoculation, 10~11 days for primordial formation at $17{\sim}18^{\circ}C$, and 15~20 days for fruiting growth. NIFoS 2804 and 3993 were selected as good strains in terms of cultivation period and mushroom production. These results could be useful for the artificial cultivation of P. edulis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.329-338
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• 1992

This study was attempted aimed to prepare of Andong sikhe by pure culture inoculation and to improve storage stability by the addition of stabilizers to the product. Lactobacillus delbreuckii was selected for pure culture inoculation in the fermentation. The effect of stabilizers on the sedimentation, sensory evaluation and viscosity of Sikhe were investigated during the fermentation of traditional Andong Sikhe stored at $4^{\circ}C$ Morphological characteristics of Sikhe were determined by scanning electromicrograpy. Among the stabilizers added to the traditional Andong sikhe Na-alginate was found to be best stabilizers. When the product was evaluated by the sensory panel, the addition of stabilizers up to 0.1% level actually increased the acceptability of the product, while the concentration of more than 0.2% stabilizers affected the acceptability of the negatively. Sikhe added Na-carboxymethyl cellulose and Na-alginate showed highest viscosity on the 2nd day of fermentation, while homogenized Andong sikhe with Carrageenan showed the highest peak in viscosity on the first day of fermentation. Lactic acid bacterial count reached to $3.2{\times}10^8/ml$ after 20 days of storage. The surface and cross section of rice was observed by scanning electron microscope. As the fermentation proceeded holes on the surface increased, and nearly empty cell wall remained at the later stage of fermentation. Use of pure cultured inoculum of L. delbreuckii supported the rapid build up of the lactic acid bacteria and consequently the whole process of the fermentation was shortened. The acceptability and product quality were improved by use of L. delbreuckii inoculum.