• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.40-45
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• 2022

In recent years, indoor air pollution has become a crucial environmental problem. Hence, the purification of indoor air is an important issue. Typical physical filters show relatively high dust collection efficiency at a dust particle size of more than 5.0 ㎛ but extremely low efficiency at an ultrafine size of less than 2.5 ㎛. In this study, an electric field filter was proposed to capture ultrafine dust with a size of less than 5.0 ㎛. Simulation results showed that the electric field filter effectively removed ultrafine dust. In addition, sufficient dust collection efficiency was obtained even with a simple plate-shaped filter without bending the Chevron filter.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.381-392
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• 2018

This study examines strategies and implementation plans for commercializing $CO_2$ capture and storage, which is an effective method to achieve the national goal of reducing greenhouse gas. In order to secure cost-efficient business model of $CO_2$ capture and storage, we propose four key strategies, including 1) urgent need to select a large-scale storage site and to estimate realistic storage capacity, 2) minimization of source-to-sink distance, 3) cost-effectiveness through technology innovation, and 4) policy implementation to secure public interest and to encourage private sector participation. Based on these strategies, the implementation plans must be designed for enabling $CO_2$ capture and storage to be commercialized until 2030. It is desirable to make those plans in which large-scale demonstration and subsequent commercial projects share a single storage site. In addition, the plans must be able to deliver step-wised targets and assessment processes to decide if the project will move to the next stage or not. The main target of stage 1 (2019 ~ 2021) is that the large-scale storage site will be selected and post-combustion capture technology will be upgraded and commercialized. The site selection, which is prerequisite to forward to the next stage, will be made through exploratory drilling and investigation for candidate sites. The commercial-scale applicability of the capture technology must be ensured at this stage. Stage 2 (2022 ~ 2025) aims design and construction of facility and infrastructure for successful large-scale demonstration (million tons of $CO_2$ per year), i.e., large-scale $CO_2$ capture, transportation, and storage. Based on the achievement of the demonstration project and the maturity of carbon market at the end of stage 2, it is necessary to decide whether to enter commercialization of $CO_2$ capture and storage. If the commercialization project is decided, it will be possible to capture and storage 4 million tons of $CO_2$ per year by the private sector in stage 3 (2026 ~ 2030). The existing facility, infrastructure, and capture plant will be upgraded and supplemented, which allows the commercialization project to be cost-effective.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.17-24
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• 2021

The development of a new sorbent for carbon dioxide depends on several factors, such as fast adsorption/absorption velocity, hydrophobicity, and lower regeneration temperature than commercial sorbent. In this study, aminosilane grafted activated carbon was synthesized to capture CO2. Methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) and 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTES) were used as the grafting precursor of the amine functional group. The APTES grafting activated carbon showed higher sorption property than MTMS used one. The characteristics of the separation mechanism of carbon dioxide were examined by measuring the adsorption capacity according to temperature and carbon dioxide partial pressure. The absorption capacity of carbon dioxide was similar to amine grafting activated carbon and activated carbon at 25℃, but amine-grafted activated carbon was higher at 75℃. The amine functional group-grafted activated carbon showed higher absorption capacity than activated carbon with a 1% carbon dioxide partial pressure. Aminosilane grafting of activated carbon was chemically absorbed but also showed the characteristics of physical adsorption. The reforming activated carbon with an amine functional group grafted solid absorption/adsorption sorbent would significantly impact the material engineering industry and carbon dioxide adsorption process. The functionalized sorbent is a high-performance composite material. The developed sorbent may have applications in other industrial processes of absorption/adsorption and separation.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.418-429
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• 2014

Induced seismicity related to four energy development technologies that involve fluid injection or withdrawal: geothermal energy, conventional oil and gas development including enhanced oil recovery (EOR), shale gas recovery, and carbon capture and storage (CCS) is reviewed by literature investigation. The largest induced seismic events reported in the technical literature are associated with projects that did not balance the large volume of fluids injected into, or extracted from the underground reservoir. A statistical observation shows that the net volume of fluid injected and/or extracted may serve as a proxy for changes in subsurface stress conditions and pore pressure, and other factors. Energy technology projects that are designed to maintain a balance between the amount of fluid being injected and the amount of fluid being withdrawn, such as geothermal and most oil and gas development, may produce fewer induced seismic events than technologies that do not maintain fluid balance, such as long-term wastewater disposal wells and CCS projects.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.597-606
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• 2015

This work investigates the carbonation of KOH-dissolved methanol and ethanol solution systems carried out for $CO_2$ fixation. Potassium methyl carbonate (PMC) and potassium ethyl carbonate (PEC) were synthesized during the reaction in each solution as the solid powder, and they were characterized in detail. The amount of $CO_2$ chemically absorbed to produce the PMC and PEC precipitates were calculated to be 97.90% and 99.58% of their theoretical values, respectively. In addition, a substantial amount of $CO_2$ was physically absorbed in the solution during the carbonation. PMC precipitates were consisted of the pure PMC and $KHCO_3$ with the weight ratio of 5:5, respectively. PEC precipitates were also mixture of the pure PEC and $KHCO_3$ with the weight ratio of 8:2, respectively. When these two precipitates were dissolved in excess water, methanol and ethanol were regenerated remaining solid $KHCO_3$ in the solutions. Therefore, the process has the potential to be one of the efficient options of CCS and CCU technologies.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.335-342
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• 2018

Various technologies to cope with the energy and environmental issues related to the chemical and electric power industry are in development and demonstration stage. Especially, the absorption process of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) using amine solution is a key technology of the $CO_2$ capture and storage (CCS). In this study, we identify the major risk factors and suggest strategies for safety improvement by analyzing and assessing commercial the amine-based $CO_2$ separation process. HAZOP method was used to assess the risk for the process. We provide facilities and operational strategies to mitigate or eliminate major risk factors by assessing the relative ranks of identified risk factors using a risk matrix.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.645-651
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• 2008

In this study, the new solubility data at high pressure condition applicable to pre-combustion $CO_2$ capture system were found. Experiments were conducted within the temperature range of $40{\sim}80^{\circ}C$ while increasing the pressure from 0 to 50 bar. The effect of MDEA (N-methyldiethanolamine) concentration was studied by varying the concentration from 30 to 50 wt%. In order to improve the absorption rate of MDEA, piperazine was added in ranging of 5~10 wt% into the MDEA solution as a activator. From this experiment, the equilibrium partial pressure was increased with increasing MDEA concentration in absorbent and reaction temperature. Also absorption rate was increased with increasing the reaction temperature. It was noted that the mixture of piperazine and MDEA aqueous solution showed faster absorption rate by 2.5 times than only the MDEA aqueous solution with 40 wt% cencentration at initial reaction stage and also increased absorption capacity by 16%.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.89-99
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• 2017

For a successful performance of Carbon Capture Sequestration (CCS) projects, appropriate injection conditions should be designed to be optimized for site specific geological conditions. In this study, we built a simple 2-dimensional analysis model, based on the geology of Jang-gi basin which is one of the potential sites of domestic CCS projects. We evaluated the impact of initial stress conditions and injection rate through coupled TOUGH-FLAC simulator. From the preliminary analysis, we constructed risk scenarios with the higher potential of shear slip and performed scenario analysis. Our analysis showed that normal stress regime produced the highest potential of shear slip and stepwise increasing injection rate scenario resulted in much larger pore pressure build up and consequent higher potential of the shear slip, which was evaluated using a mobilized friction coefficient.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.90-96
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• 2018

In this study, the mechanical and micro-structural change of cement pastes incorporating Stainless-Steel Slag Argon Oxygen Decarburization Slag (STS-A) containing ${\gamma}-C_2S$ as a carbon capture materials were investigated with carbonation curing condition. ${\gamma}-C_2S$ is non-hydraulic, therefore does not react with water. But ${\gamma}-C_2S$ has a reactivity under carbonation curing condition with water. The reaction products fill up the pore in pastes. The microstructure of STS-A blended cement pastes could be densified by this reaction. The pore structure of cement pastes incorporating STS-A was measured using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) after carbonation curing ($CO_2$ concentration is about 5%). Also the fractal characteristics were investigated for the effect of carbonation curing on the micro-structural change of paste specimens. From the results, the compressive strength of carbonated specimens incorporating STS-A increased and pore-structure of carbonated paste is more complicated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.67-74
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• 2013

IGCC(Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle) system is candidates which can solve the environmental problems including global warming, since it can be easily combined with CCS(Carbon Capture System). In this research, combustion instability characteristics were studied at various fuel which are composed of $H_2/CH_4/CO$ mixture. Mode analysis for instabilities observed experimentally was conducted and the linearly increasing tendency of frequency was observed as the hydrogen content in fuel increases.