• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.145-145
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• 2022

South Korea greenhouse gas emissions have increased year by year, resulting in a total emission of 727.6 million tons of CO₂ eq in 2018, a 2.5% increase compared to 2017. Among them, the agricultural sector emitted 21.2 million tons of CO₂ eq., accounting for 2.9% of the total. Among the greenhouse gases emitted from the agricultural sector, a particularly problematic is methane gas emitted from rice paddies. Methane is one of the important greenhouse gases with a global warming potential (GWP) that is about 21 times higher than that of carbon dioxide due to its high infrared absorption capacity despite its relatively short remaining atmospheric period. Since the pattern of methane generation varies depending on the rice variety and ecological type, research related to this is necessary for accurate emission calculation and development of reduction technology. Accordingly, a study was conducted to find out the changes in greenhouse gas emission according to rice varieties and ecology types. As for the rice eco-type cultivar, early maturing cultivar (Haedamssal) and medium-late rice cultivar (Saeilmi) were used. Haedamssal was transplanted on May 25 and June 25, and Saeilmi was transplanted on June 10 and June 25. The amount of methane generated according to the growing day showed a tendency to increase as the planting period was earlier. The difference between varieties was that Haedamssal showed higher methane production than Saeilmi. The total CH₄ flux in the saeilmi was 18.7 kg·h^-1(Jun 10 transplanting), 12.4 kg·h^-1(Jun 25 transplanting) during rice cultivation. Lower methane emission was observed in Saeilmi than in Haedam rice. In addition, the earlier the planting period, the higher the methane emission. This study is the result of the first year of research, and it is planned to investigate the amount of greenhouse gas emission between double cropping and single cropping using wheat cultivation after harvest for each ecological type.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.214-222
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• 2022

In these proceedings, we will address the problem of air pollution on the premises of the Cement factory SHARRCEM L.L.C. in Hani Elezit in the Republic of Kosovo respectively around the clinker cooler, rotary kiln, and raw material mill. By air pollution, we mean the introduction of chemicals, particles, or other harmful materials into the atmosphere which in one way or another causing damage to the development of plants and organisms. Air pollution occurs when certain substances are released into the air, which depending on the quantitative level, can be harmful to human health, animals, and the environment in general. The analysis of air shows the influence of the extractive and processing industry on the chemical composition of air. Parameters analyzed though under control such as the case of carbon dioxide, due to the increasing production capacity of cement, the production of hundreds of thousands of cubic meters of CO₂ gas made CO₂ production a concern. With the purchase of the latest technology by the SHARCEM Factory in Hani Elezit, the amount of air pollution has been reduced and the allowed parameters of environmental pollution have been kept under control. Air pollutants are introduced into the atmosphere from various sources which change the composition of the atmosphere and affect the biotic environment.The concentration of air pollutants depends not only on the quantities that are emitted from the sources of air pollution but also on the ability of the atmosphere to absorb or disperse these emissions. Sources of air pollutants include vehicles, industry, indoor sources, and natural resources. There are some natural pollutants, such as natural fog, particles from volcanic eruptions, pollen grains, bacteria, and so on.

• 청정기술
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.93-103
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• 2021

기후변화 대응과 탄소배출 저감에 대한 심각성 및 필요성이 중요시 되면서 세계 각국은 온실가스를 감축하고자 하는 노력을 지속하고 있다. 다양한 노력들 중 탄소기반 연료 사용 시 발생되는 이산화탄소를 포집하여 활용하는 CCUS에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며, 이러한 관점에서 CCUS와 함께 활용될 수 있는 가압 순산소 연소에 대한 연구도 여러 연구자들에 의해 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 가압 순산소 연소의 화염 구조와 오염물질 배출과 관련된 기초적인 정보를 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 대향류 확산 화염 모델을 이용하여 압력 및 산소분율에 따른 연소의 특성을 분석한 결과, 압력이 높을수록 화학 반응의 활성화로 인한 반응율의 증가로 연소 온도가 증가하고 화염두께는 감소한 반면, 산소분율이 높을수록 반응율 증가 및 산화제 운동량 변화에 따른 확산의 영향으로 연소 온도 및 화염두께 모두 증가하였다. 이와 관련된 열방출 반응을 3가지 구간으로 구분하여 분석한 결과, 특히 산소분율이 증가할수록 산화제 측면에서 나타나는 화학 반응이 혼합분율에 따라 크게 두 개의 영역으로 세분화되는 특성이 나타났다. 또한, NO의 생성 메커니즘에 따라 구분된 배출지수(EINO)를 분석하였고, 각 해석 조건에 따른 NO의 생성 경향을 제시하였다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.389-400
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• 2017

제 21차 유엔기후변화협약당사국 총회(C0P21)의 파리기후협약이 채택됨에 따라 195개국의 범세계적 온실가스 감축 대응에 합의가 이루어졌다. 이에 따라 온실가스 감축에 관련한 다양한 기술들이 거론되고 있고, 그 중에 이산화탄소 포집/저장/전환 기술(CCUS)은 이산화탄소 감축의 실질적인 기여를 할 수 있는 수단으로 주목받고 있다. 하지만 CCUS 기술은 에너지 및 투자 효율성, 잠재적 저장 능력 등 상용화 단계에서 다양한 보완사항이 존재하며, 이를 해결하기 위한 여러 국가들의 연구개발 활동이 적극적으로 이루어지고 있다. 이에 효과적인 연구개발 전략을 수립하기 위해서 각 국의 CCUS 기술 유형 별 수준과 동향을 분석하고 향후 기술발전방향에 대해 대응하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 CCUS 기술에 대한 국가/기술별 특허 동향 분석을 수행하고자 한다. 분석결과, 구간별 기술 성장단계 분석에서 발전기 단계에 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 기술발전 수준이 가장 높은 포집/회수 분야에 60% 이상의 특허 출원이 이루어짐을 보였다. 해외 상위 출원인인 Alstom technology, Toshiba Corp, Mitsubishi heavy 등의 기업에서 이산화탄소를 포집/회수 하는 기술에 중점을 두고 있으며, 국내에서는 정부 연구기관들을 중심으로 포집 분야 외에 기술 초기 단계인 저장, 전환 분야에도 집중하는 것으로 나타났다. 2000년대 후반부터 CCUS기술 특허 출원이 급속히 증가했으며 많은 국가들이 이 기술에 관심을 갖으며 온실가스를 감축하려는 노력을 하고 있다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.400-407
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• 2019

순산소 순환유동층 연소기술은 기후변화 및 연료 수급 문제들을 해결할 수 있는 기술로 주목 받고 있다. 순산소 순환유동층 연소기술은 배기가스재순환 공정을 통해 이산화탄소를 비교적 쉽게 포집할 수 있으며 대기오염물질 배출도 줄일 수 있는 친환경 연소기술이다. 새롭게 개발된 $100kW_{th}$ 급 순산소 순환유동층 연소 시스템은 연료다변화에 대응하기 위해 다양한 연료들의 순산소연소 특성을 분석하고 있으며, 본 연구에서는 높은 고정탄소 및 회분함량으로 인해 연소성이 낮은 연료로 알려진 무연탄을 활용하여 높은 이산화탄소를 생산하고 연소효율을 향상시키고자 하였다. 그 결과로서, 무연탄 순산소 연소는 아역청탄 공기연소 대비, 연소효율이 2% 향상되었으며 대기오염물질인 $SO_2$, CO, NO은 각각 15%, 60%, 99% 감소하였다. 또한, 안정적인 순산소순환유동층 연소를 통해 배기가스 내 94 vol.% 이상의 $CO_2$ 가 포집될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.291-301
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• 2004

As Russian government signs the Kyoto Protocol on November 2004, it will go into effect on Feb. 16 2004. Under the Protocol, 38 industrialized countries are to reduce their combined emissions of six major greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide and methane, to below 1990 levels during the 2008-2012 period. Korea ratified the Protocol in 2002 and is currently exempt from the reduction measures. It is expected, however, that Korea will be pressured to join the reduction scheme from 2013. Although the Kyoto Protocol is national-level agreement each country's urban governments are expected and have to play important role to make it successful one. It is more so for such mesa cities as Seoul which has experienced rapidly worsening environment recent years. Statistics shows that the annual average temperature in Seoul has increased by $1.5^{\circ}C$ for the last century, which is much higher than the national average. 'Heat Island' effect is not unusual any more in Seoul. This study reviews the key points of the Kyoto Protocol, urban warming phenomena in Seoul and its policy responses. In doing so, this study evaluates Tokyo case as a comparative one. It is found that Seoul needs to develop more concrete and feasible policy measures to get current efforts more effective.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2005

Cogeneration is an energy conversion process, where electricity and useful heat are produced simultaneously in one process. Also, carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced as well. The cogeneration process may be based on the use of steam, gas turbines or combustion engines. However, there have been few models with an output of less than 100 kilowatt. In the present study, a spark ignited gas engine with generation output of 10 kilowatts was developed for micro cogeneration package. The gas engine shows 29.2$\%$ of thermal efficiency under Stoichiometric combustion and 33.6$\%$ of thermal efficiency under lean combustion. NOx emission shows less than 10ppm at 13$\%$ oxygen under stoichiometric combustion and about 100ppm at 13$\%$ oxygen under lean combustion.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.279-287
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• 2020

This paper focuses on the engineering properties of Bentonite-Cement-Sodium silicate (BCS) grout, which was prepared by partially replacing the ordinary Portland cement in Cement-Sodium silicate grout with lithium bentonite (Li-bent) and sodium bentonite (Na-bent), respectively. The effect of different Water-to-Solid ratio (W/S) and various replacement percentages of bentonite on the apparent viscosity, bleeding, setting time, and early compressive strength of BCS grout were investigated. The XRD method was used to detect its hydration products. The results showed that both bentonites played a positive role in the stability of BCS grout, increased its apparent viscosity. Na-bent prolonged the setting time of BCS, while 5% of Li-bent shortened the setting time of BCS. The XRD analysis indicated that the hydration products between the mixture containing Na-bent and Li-bent did not differ much. Using bentonite as supplementary cementitious material (SCM) to replace partial cement is a promising way to cut down on carbon dioxide emissions and to produce low-cost, eco-friendly, non-toxic, and water-resistant grout. In addition, Li-bent was superior to Na-bent in improving the strength and the thickening of BCS grouts.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.234-240
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• 2010

In October 2009, the Ministry of Land Transport and Maritime Affairs noticed 'Environment-friendly housing construction standards and performance' to build energy saving environment-friendly housings (Green Homes) for the reduction of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission. In this study, the $CO_2$ emissions were evaluated during the life cycle of the existing apartments which were built in 1980's and Green Home apartment. $LCCO_2$ was evaluated by dividing the life cycle into three stages which are construction, maintenance and destruction stage. $CO_2$ emission from the materials for improving insulation performance was estimated by Input-output analysis. As a result, in 40 year-life cycle of $84\;m^2$ apartment, 400.68 T-$CO_2$ was emitted from 1980's apartment, on the other hand 231.02 T-$CO_2$ was emitted from Green Home apartment.

• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

As energy consumption of building and the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions have been emphasized, phase change materials(PCM) have been introduced as building materials due to its high heat storage performance. Using shape-stabilizing technique, octadecane/xGnP shape-stabilized PCM(SSPCM) can prevent leakage and improve heat storage performance. The objectives of this study are to propose mix design method of concrete mixed with SSPCM and to evaluate mechanical behaviors of the concrete mixed with SSPCM manufactured according to the proposed mix design. Based on the previously reported material test result, the existing mix design of plain concrete(Concrete standard specification, 2009) is modified to consider reduction of strength in concrete due to the addition of SSPCM. To verify the proposed mix design, specimens are fabricated according to the proposed mix design and axial strength tests and three-point loading tests are performed. Test results show that compressive strengths of the tested specimens reach the designed strength even when two different mix ratios of SSPCM are used. From three-point loading tests, flexural stresses decrease as mix ratio of SSPCM increases.