• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.8-14
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• 2013

In the subway, various fires continue to take place across the world. In the Daegu subway accident in 2003, many people were damaged by shortened visibility range caused by toxic gas and smoke. This paper, assuming that a subway fire happens in the Mandeok Station of the subway system in Busan, analyzed different smoke-spreading situations depending on the ventilation situation at its platform (opening of the train doors, operation of ventilation facilities in the tunnel, and working of fire door), using FDS. The calculation proved that it would be more effective to secure evacuation route when the ventilation facilities of the tunnel are not operated, than when they are on. And, it was also found that the case where the doors of the platform to the escape route and only the platform-facing doors of the subway car on fire office are open would be more effective to ventilation than the case where all the doors are open. And, it was found to be important that the fire doors of the platform are working properly.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.917-922
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• 2021

In modern society, deaths and property damage due to drowsiness occur every year enormously. Methods to reduce such damage are being studied a lot in all walks of life, and research on preventing drowsy driving is particularly active in automobiles. In this paper, as an Arduino-based water gun firing system that learns open and closed eyes using YOLO, we propose a drowsy prevention system that fires a water gun when the duration of the closed eye exceeds a certain time. This system can be applied and used in various fields, but especially when applied to a car, it is not necessary to purchase expensive specifications and if you pay a little attention, you can reduce accidents caused by drowsy driving by 100% at a very low cost. In addition, it can be said that it is an independent system that overcomes different specifications for each company.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.44-51
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• 2021

In general, golden time refers to the most important time in the initial response to accidents such as saving lives or extinguishing fires. The golden time varies from disaster to disaster, but is aimed at five minutes in terms of fire and first aid. However, for the actual site, the average dispatch time for ambulances is 9 minutes and the average transfer time is 17.6 minutes, which is quite large compared to the golden time. There are various causes for this delay, but the main cause is traffic jams. In order to solve the problem, the government has established emergency car concession obligations and secured golden time to prioritize ambulances in places with the highest accident rate, but it is not a solution in rush hour when traffic is increasing rapidly. Therefore, this paper proposed a deep learning-based emergency vehicle priority signal system using collected sound data by installing sound sensors on traffic lights and conducted an experiment to classify frequency signals that differ depending on the distance of the emergency vehicle.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.136-147
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze four cases of firefighter burns in various fire scenes and to find prevention measures to decrease firefighter injuries. Among the analysis reports prepared by the National Fire Research Institute of Korea from 2016 to 2020, four burn-related accidents are summarized and the main causes are conveyed. The four accidents include second-degree burns from using extinguishers during containment of fires; nine firefighters burned due to re-ignition in the LPG car repair shop; two firefighters injured with third-degree burns from using fire extinguishers during life-saving events in residential housing; and injuries from the radiant heat of the tank BLEVE near the factory fire. These cases are comprehensively investigated in their respective scenes and analyzed based on the fire site investigation reports from the fire department and related theoretical explanations of risk for each accident scene. In the third case study, some experimental research is conducted to evaluate the risk involved with the use of safety gloves. This is evaluated by reviewing Fire Tactics and Standard Operational Procedures (SOP) to determine improvements and recommendations for an efficient firefighting response. Results show that the main causes of burn accidents are the insufficient use of personal protective equipment (PPE), such as safety gloves, and the failure to follow firefighting tactics or SOPs. Through the accident investigation and assessment, it is concluded that to reduce the frequency of burn accidents, the performance of firefighting equipment, SOPs, protection tactics, and safety policy systems require improvement.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.7-13
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• 2021

Various research has been done on fires and explosions at gas stations at home and abroad. However, only studies of off-site damage in the event of fire at the gas station were conducted, and research on fire at the auxiliary facilities in the gas station was insufficient. The gas station is a place where anyone can easily access dangerous goods. As the risk of fire increases due to the recent increase of auxiliary facilities such as convenience stores and car repair shops in gas stations, it is important to detect the effects of fire on the main oil refinery in case of fire and to verify the validity of existing regulations. In this thesis, we conducted a study to find out the effect of radiation heat on the separation between fixed and fixed oil reactors in the event of fire at an auxiliary facility. Simulation was modelled using FDS 5.5.3 Version, and the size of the fire source was configured with 13 fire assessment devices and the heat emission rate per unit area was entered. Simulation shows that the separation distance of 2 m does not secure the safety of the gas pump in the event of fire at the auxiliary facilities, and radiation heat does not damage at the separation distance of at least 4 m. Accordingly, facilities that can block radiant heat in the event of fire at auxiliary facilities, and measures to limit the use of auxiliary facilities or to re-impose the separation between buildings and fixtures will be needed.