Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회논문지)

Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회)
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Evaluation of the Appropriateness of Smoke Control Conditions of Platform at the Subway Fire by using FDS

FDS를 이용한 지하철 객실 화재 시 승강장 제연조건의 적정성 평가

  • Kim, Ki-Sung (Dept. of Energy Safety Engineering, Seoul National Univ. of Science & Technology) ;
  • Song, Dong-Woo (Dept. of Energy Safety Engineering, Seoul National Univ. of Science & Technology) ;
  • Lee, Su-Kyung (Dept. of Energy Safety Engineering, Seoul National Univ. of Science & Technology)
  • 김기성 (서울과학기술대학교 에너지안전공학과) ;
  • 송동우 (서울과학기술대학교 에너지안전공학과) ;
  • 이수경 (서울과학기술대학교 에너지안전공학과)
  • Received : 2013.07.09
  • Accepted : 2013.10.11
  • Published : 2013.10.31
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Abstract

In the subway, various fires continue to take place across the world. In the Daegu subway accident in 2003, many people were damaged by shortened visibility range caused by toxic gas and smoke. This paper, assuming that a subway fire happens in the Mandeok Station of the subway system in Busan, analyzed different smoke-spreading situations depending on the ventilation situation at its platform (opening of the train doors, operation of ventilation facilities in the tunnel, and working of fire door), using FDS. The calculation proved that it would be more effective to secure evacuation route when the ventilation facilities of the tunnel are not operated, than when they are on. And, it was also found that the case where the doors of the platform to the escape route and only the platform-facing doors of the subway car on fire office are open would be more effective to ventilation than the case where all the doors are open. And, it was found to be important that the fire doors of the platform are working properly.

지하철에서는 전 세계적으로 크고 작은 화재가 지속적으로 발생되고 있다. 대구지하철 화재에서 볼 수 있듯이 독성가스와 연기에 의한 가시거리 감소로 많은 인명피해가 발생하였다. 본 논문에서는 부산 지하철 만덕역에서 열차 화재가 발생할 경우 승강장에서의 제연상황(열차문의 개방, 터널의 제연설비의 가동, 방화문의 작동)에 따라 연기의 전파거동을 FDS를 사용하여 분석하였다. 계산 결과 터널부의 제연설비를 가동하였을 경우보다는 가동하지 않았을 경우가 피난로 확보에 효과가 있었다. 또한, 열차문의 개방 형태는 승강장의 대피로 측의 문은 모두 개방하고 화재객차의 선로측 문만을 개방하였을 경우가 모두 개방한 경우보다 제연 효율이 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 승강장의 방화문이 정상적으로 가동하는 것이 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

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