• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.51-59
• /
• 2012

Fresh oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) were gamma-irradiated at 0, 1, 2, and 3 kGy. The effects on various quality attributes were determined during storage at $5{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. Color changes were more prominent in the cap region than the stem part. At the start of storage increase of Hunter's L-value (lightness) was observed in the caps of 2 and 3 kGy-irradiated samples. The L-value was higher in the all irradiated samples during storage. The trend was different in the case of stem region, where L-value decreased upon irradiation, but remained high throughout storage. The ${\alpha}$-value declined, whereas the b-value increased following irradiation. Irradiation showed a dose-dependent effect on the firmness, which was clearer during storage, but the samples irradiated at 1 kGy maintained an overall better texture than other irradiated samples. The weight loss was also higher in the all irradiated samples during storage. The samples irradiated at 1 kGy showed good physical appearance without any fungal attack at the end of storage; however color change in cap region was quite apparent. The ultra-structural drastic effect of irradiation was understandable using scanning electron microscopy. E-nose analysis demonstrated a clear change in the volatile profiles of all irradiated samples. Although the effect of irradiation on quality characteristics was quite clear but the all irradiated samples were free from fungal attack that was observed in the case of control sample.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.275-292
• /
• 2014

The objective of this study is to determine Tasseled Cap Transformation (TCT) coefficients for the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI). TCT is traditional method of analyzing the characteristics of the land area from multi spectral sensor data. TCT coefficients for a new sensor must be estimated individually because of different sensor characteristics of each sensor. Although the primary objective of the GOCI is for ocean color study, one half of the scene covers land area with typical land observing channels in Visible-Near InfraRed (VNIR). The GOCI has a unique capability to acquire eight scenes per day. This advantage of high temporal resolution can be utilized for detecting daily variation of land surface. The GOCI TCT offers a great potential for application in near-real time analysis and interpretation of land cover characteristics. TCT generally represents information of "Brightness", "Greenness" and "Wetness". However, in the case of the GOCI is not able to provide "Wetness" due to lack of ShortWave InfraRed (SWIR) band. To maximize the utilization of high temporal resolution, "Wetness" should be provided. In order to obtain "Wetness", the linear regression method was used to align the GOCI Principal Component Analysis (PCA) space with the MODIS TCT space. The GOCI TCT coefficients obtained by this method have different values according to observation time due to the characteristics of geostationary earth orbit. To examine these differences, the correlation between the GOCI TCT and the MODIS TCT were compared. As a result, while the GOCI TCT coefficients of "Brightness" and "Greenness" were selected at 4h, the GOCI TCT coefficient of "Wetness" was selected at 2h. To assess the adequacy of the resulting GOCI TCT coefficients, the GOCI TCT data were compared to the MODIS TCT image and several land parameters. The land cover classification of the GOCI TCT image was expressed more precisely than the MODIS TCT image. The distribution of land cover classification of the GOCI TCT space showed meaningful results. Also, "Brightness", "Greenness", and "Wetness" of the GOCI TCT data showed a relatively high correlation with Albedo ($R^2$ = 0.75), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) ($R^2$ = 0.97), and Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI) ($R^2$ = 0.77), respectively. These results indicate the suitability of the GOCI TCT coefficients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.66 no.5
• /
• pp.133-148
• /
• 2016

This study examined dahoe(多繪-braided cord) and mangsu(網綬-ornament of husu for ceremonial dress) used in myeon gwan(冕冠), daedae(大帶), and husu(後綬) among royal formal dresses in the Joseon Dynasty(1392-1910) based on historical materials including literature, relics, and paintings. The results of this study are as follows. In myeon-gwan, dahoe was used for cap strings, goeing(紘) and yeong(纓). Cap strings were applied to the king, the Crown Prince, and the eldest son of the Crown Prince regardless of their status, and they showed differences among the periods. Both goeing and yeong were used during the early period of Joseon, and then only yeong was used in the late period. As goeing was removed and only yeong was used in the late period, patterns combining goeing and yeong, in color and wearing method, appeared. Dahoe used in cap strings is dongdahoe(童多繪-a kind of braided cord). In daedae, 'nyuyak(紐約)' was tied up to its fastening part. The material of nyuyak was changed from dongdahoe in the early Joseon Dynasty to guangdahoe(廣多繪-a kind of braided cord) in the late period, and the method of using it was also changed. Husu was imported from Beijing in China during the early period of the Joseon Dynasty, but in 1747, it was regulated to be woven in Joseon, and at that time, King Yeongjo attempted to restore the institution of weaving husu with "320 su(首)," namely, 6,400 strands as specified for the status of a prince of the Ming Dynasty.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.167-171
• /
• 1998

Bulkogi(roast beef) seasoning stored without cap at 5$^{\circ}C$ and 23$^{\circ}C$ and within capped boule at 5$^{\circ}C$, 23$^{\circ}C$, 38$^{\circ}C$, 48$^{\circ}C$ and heat cycling(38$^{\circ}C$-1 week and 5$^{\circ}C$-1 week) and investigated sensory quality, pH, VBN, amino-N, surface color, and viable cell counts during 6 month storage. Nonpackaged Bulkogi seasoning was deteriorated by molds after 2 weeks at 23$^{\circ}C$ but did not showed any significant quality changes at 5$^{\circ}C$ for 1 month. Sensory scores of packaged sample rapidly declined with the temperature increase but chemical criteria was not significantly changed depending on temperature and storage time. Correlations between sensory scores and chemical parameters was not found, but sensory scores on color was correlated with lightness(L. value) of surface color(r=0.899). Heat cycle storage resulted in similar changes in quality to 38$^{\circ}C$ storage. Ql0 values calculated by sensory evaluation results as a quality index was 6, and the shelf-life of packaged Bulkogi seasoning was predicted 88 months at 23$^{\circ}C$.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.163-167
• /
• 1983

Oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, was exposed to 0.625, 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 ppm $SO_2$ for 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes at the tiny button stage in order to study the effect of sulfur dioxide on growth and cap discoloration of the mushroom. The cap color was changed from grey to greyish blue at low dosage of sulfur dioxide, and with the lapse of exposing time and rasing sulfur dioxide concentration up, the color was changed to light brown and dark brown. The cap dicoloration was begun by the exposure of sulfur dioxide to 0.625 ppm for 120 minutes, to 1.25 ppm for 30 minutes and to 2.5 ppm for 15 minutes. By the exposure of sulfur dioxide to 1.25 ppm for 120 minutes, to 2.5 ppm for 30 minutes, its growth was inhibited, but the fruit body was died by the exposure of the gas to 2.5 ppm for 180 minutes and to 5.0 ppm for 60 minutes. Sulfur dioxide inhibited conspicuously the development of basidia and basidiospores of the mushroom and 20 to 25 percent of basidiospores formed were abnormal. Ethylene production by mushroom exposed to sulfur dioxide was not recognized.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.181-190
• /
• 2011

A precision measurement and digital image restoration of the 5th century's gilt bronze cap of Baekje dynasty, excavated from the ancient tomb of Andong, Goheung in 2006, was undertaken. The objective of the scanning is to preserve precise feature of the artefact in the form of digital data by embodying it in 3 dimensional space. Acquirement of the data has been undertaken in the following process : 3D scanning to obtain 3D shape and color information(original data photographing)-3D modelling(joining original data and restoring non-photographed or damaged area)-CG image production. Production of restoration CG image was based on joined shape of original data and each part's measurement on CAD. Non-photographed part and area of loss was restored referring actual measurement and research result of excavated cap from the 5th to 8th century. 3D image restoration is one of artefact restoration methods which restores artefact without risk. It is also undertaken with historical research. As result, this method can enhance aesthetic and academic value of the artefact by successful restoration.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.161-176
• /
• 1999

The objectives of this study are to analyze the changes of geo-surface topography in the Siwha embankment and the Ahsan city area by the image processing of Landsat Thematic Mapper data, and to estimate the reclaimed amount of the exposed tidal flat in the Siwha area using the GIS. False color composite, Tasseled cap, NVDI(normalized difference vegetation index), and supervised classification techniques were used to analyze the distribution of sediments and the aspect of topographical variations caused by artificial human actions. The total amount of the exposed tidal flat was estimated on the basis of the database snch as aerial photography, hydrographic chart, geological map, and scheme drawing in the Siwha area. The possible excavation regions for a seawall were predicted analyzing the supervised classification image of Landsat TM data. Tasseled cap images were used to observe the distribution of sediments. The difference of the NDVI images between spring and summer seasons indicates that deciduous and coniferous forests were distributed over the whole areas. The total fill-volume of the exposed Siwha tidal flat and the fill-volume of the construction planning seawall were calculated as $581,485,354\textrm{m}^3{\;}and{\;}3,387,360\textrm{m}^3$, respectively, from the digital terrain analysis. Daebu Island, Sunkam Island, and the part of Songsan-myeon were chosen as the cut area to make the seawall, and their cut-volumes were estimated as $5,229,576\textrm{m}^3,{\;}79,227,072\textrm{m}^3,{\;}and{\;}47,026,008\textrm{m}^3$, respectively. Therefore, the cut-volume of Daebu Island alone among three areas was sufficient to make the seawall.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.55-68
• /
• 2008

This study is aiming to set a characteristic design and a fashion trend by analyzing hat style trends and fashion images shown in fashion collections in recent seven years. Also, based on the result of the analysis on the five world's major collections, the influence and the interrelation of hat and fashion image were analyzed. The study was performed by the context analysis method and the image evaluation method. In the context analysis method, the 1,391 pictures for hat-styles which were believed to be the standard of fashion style from the S/S season of 1998 to the F/W season of 2004 were analyzed. The research is summarized as follows. Based on the result of the fashion collections, the kinds of hats came Bowler, Beret, Cloche, Capeline, Cap and Hood in order, and Casual, Feminine, Natural, Formal, Romantic, and Mannish came in order for the case of the fashion images for putting on a hat. The result of the analysis on the characteristic of fashion design according to the kinds of hats, the casual image, with highest frequency, was found from all of the kinds except Capeline. Bowler and Cloche were conspicuous in jackets/slacks, Capeline was conspicuous in one-piece shape, and cloth silhouette showed the highest frequency in H type. As for Bowler, the color of cloth and hat was mostly black, and as for Beret and Cloche, achromatic color showed the highest frequency. But as for Capeline, the cloth color, including chromatic color, was various. As for Beret, pattern and material image were various comparatively, but as for other kinds of hats, there were the materials with no pattern and with hard material image.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.130-139
• /
• 2018

The colors of packaging of herbicides and non-selective herbicides on the market in Korea are defined as brown and red, respectively, according to the notification of RDA. The present study aimed to understand consumer's electroencephalographic (EEG) response when looking at brown and red colors of herbicide and non-selective herbicide packaging papers. The EEG cap was placed on the scalp of each participant (men and women, 10 to 20 years old) and white (control) - brown - white - red colors were sequentially displayed for 5 seconds using the computer monitor. The EEG was measured and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. For the brown color of the herbicide, men showed a decrease in concentration and a distracting response due to a decrease in the ratio of mid beta to theta (RMT) and the spectral edge of frequency (SEF90). In women, an increase in the ratio of SMR to theta (RSMT) and the spectral edge frequency 50% of the alpha (ASEF) was observed in different brain regions and these EEG changes may enhance the relaxation, stabilization and awakening states of the brain. For the red color of the non-selective herbicide, ASEF increased psychological stability in men. In women, a decrease in absolute high beta (AHB) may associate with a decrease in attention state of the brain. Overall data of the present study clearly revealed that the colors of two herbicides showed significantly different EEG response and gender difference.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.27-33
• /
• 2018

This paper presents a new adaptive LSB steganography for high capacity in spatial color images. The number of least signi ficant bit (LSB) of each RGB component in a color image pixel, to replace with the data bits to be hidden, was determine d through analysis of the worst case peak signal noise ratio (PSNR). In addition, the combination of the number of bits is determined adaptively according to image content. That is, 70% of the data to be hidden is proposed to be replaced with 3 bit LSB of two components, 2 bit LSB of the rest component, and 30% be replaced with 4 bit LSB of each RGB compon ent. To find edge areas in an image, delta sorting in local area is also suggested. Using the proposed method, the data cap acity is 9.2 bits per pixel (bpp). The average PSNR value of the tested images with concealed data of up to 60Kbyte was 43.9 db and also natural histograms were generated.