• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.139-145
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• 1998

The Neospora sp. was isolated from the brain of 1 calf via continuous in vitro cultivation in Vero cell. Neospora tachyzoites were observed 45 days after inoculation of the homogenized brain suspension into the Vero cell. The isolated parasite (named tentatively as NCKB-1) was morphologically and ultrastructurally similar to the previously reported Neospora sp isolated in cattle (BPA-1, JPA-1). A comparison of the antigenic reactivity of cultivated tachyzoites with polyclonal antisera to Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii confirmed that this protozoal isolate was similar to N caninum. This is the first report of successful isolation of Neospora sp from cattle in Korea.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2010

This study was conducted to clarify the characteristics of Holstein dairy cow's vocalization in postpartum related with calf isolation. Vocalizations of 16 individuals of cows were recorded 6 hours per day (1:00am~4:00am and 1:00pm~4:00pm) using digital recorder and microphone during October 2008 and May 2009. Vocalizations were divided into 4 types. Characteristics of frequency, intensity and duration were analyzed by GLM (general linear model) and Duncan's multi-test. There were significant differences in frequency and intensity based on analyses of spectrogram and spectrum among 4 types of vocalizations. Frequencies of vocalizations were dramatically decreased on 2nd and 3rd day. Vocalization would be important factor affecting the motheryoung bond in Holstein dairy cattle.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.195-203
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• 1997

Fecal samples were collected from 47 calves with diarrhea and 12 clinically normal co-h-abitants, and tested for virus using MDBK cell cultures. Three cytopathic viruses were isolated from 8 fecal samples obtained from diarrheic calves. The isolated viruses were neutralized by bovine coronavirus hyperimmune serum In plaque reduction assay and were detected in the cytoplasm of MDBK cell by bovine coronavirus hyperimmune serum using immunofluorescence staining. The viruses agglutinated mouse erythrocytes only among the various animal erythrocytes tested and new isolates were identified as bovine coronavirus.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.307-316
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• 1987

This study was conducted to identify Babesia sp. strain isolated from the imported beef cattle, Aberdeen-angus heifers, in J farm of Jangsu Prefecture, Cheon-buk Province of Korea, morphologically, etiologically and serologically. Babesia sp. strain was purely isolated through the serial blood passages of three generations against splenectomized calves and one generation of blood passage against non-splenectomized calf(intact calf) by inhibiting the appearance of Theileria sergenti in the blood stream by means of injection of 20% oil pamaquine intramuscularly. In the splenectomized calves, the parasite multiplied markedly in blood stream soon after inoculation and parasitaemia was much severe. An elevated body temperature, anorexia, severe anaemia and icterus were observed clinically. Of three splenectomized calves, two were affected with haemoglobinuria and died. But in the non-splenectomized calf the clinical signs and parasitaemia were very mild. The means of the incubation period, the highest parasitaemia, the highest body temperature and the lowest PCV were 3.5 days, 41.1%, ${42^{\circ}C}$ and 9%, respectively, in the splenectomized calves. In calf erythrocytes Babesia sp. protozoa were polymorphic showing the round, oval, ameboid, piriform and paired piriform etc. The sizes of protozoa were $2.51{\sim}3.91{\times}1.32{\sim}2.19{{\mu}m}$ ($3.20{\times}1.60{\mu}m$). Serologically the isolated Babesia sp. were compared with other parasites, B. ovata, B. bigemina, B. bovis, T. sergenti, A. marginale and A. centrale by using the complement fixation(CF) test. As a result, the antibody titer between the homologous species were high. It was two tubes or more in the CF test. From the results obtained above the pure isolated Babesia species was identical with Babesia ovata Minami and Ishihara, 1980.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.128-133
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• 1990

The chromatin of all higher eukaryotic cells contains a group of very basic low-mole-cular weight proteins, the histones. But much less is known about histones in lower eukaryotes. Our purpose was to study the histones of the genus Rhizopus. After isolation and purification of nucleoprotein the basic nucleoproteins were analyzed by gel electrophoresis, in sodium dodecyl sulfate as well as acid/urea gels and compared with calf thymus histones. Their electrophoretic mobility in polyacrylamide gel indicate that they are histone homologous, although not identical, to the H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 histones of mammals with the exception of H1. The result suggests that Rhizopus thus appears to contain histone proteins which are homologous to the histones from in higher eukaryotes. The similarity between the calf thymus histone H1 and the Rhizopus high band group remains to be discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.164-168
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• 1964

We isolated histone-type basic proteins from lemna paucicostata for the first time. Basic proteins were extracted directly with dilute mineral acids from homogenized lemna paucicostata. Amino acid compositions of basic protein portions adsorbed on Amberlite CG-50(at pH 6. 0) were resembled to those of calf thymus histones. Especially, lysine content was the greatest of the other amino acids. By chromatographic studies, adsorbed portions of basic protein components on carboxymethyl cellulose column(at pH 4. 2) were shown to be homogeneous to calf thymus histones, however, the area under the individual curve was different, and furthermore, the containing of a non-adsorbed portion in the large extent was markedly different from calf thymus histones. And amino acid compositions of adsorbed portions represented the histone-type basic propertes, but non-adsorbed portions were considered as a different protein compared with the typical histone. When calf thymus histone and protein components separated from lemna paucicostata were heated($60^{\circ}C$) with a solution of $HgSO_4-H_2SO_4$, precipitates were not obtained.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2015

In cardiovascular disorders, understanding of endothelial cell (EC) function is essential to elucidate the disease mechanism. Although the mouse model has many advantages for in vivo and in vitro research, efficient procedures for the isolation and propagation of primary mouse EC have been problematic. We describe a high yield process for isolation and in vitro culture of primary EC from mouse arteries (aorta, braches of superior mesenteric artery, and cerebral arteries from the circle of Willis). Mouse arteries were carefully dissected without damage under a light microscope, and small pieces of the vessels were transferred on/in a Matrigel matrix enriched with endothelial growth supplement. Primary cells that proliferated in Matrigel were propagated in advanced DMEM with fetal calf serum or platelet-derived serum, EC growth supplement, and heparin. To improve the purity of the cell culture, we applied shearing stress and anti-fibroblast antibody. EC were characterized by a monolayer cobble stone appearance, positive staining with acetylated low density lipoprotein labeled with 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate, RT-PCR using primers for von-Willebrand factor, and determination of the protein level endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Our simple, efficient method would facilitate in vitro functional investigations of EC from mouse vessels.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.493-496
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• 2006

This study investigated cases of progressively necrotizing limbs in Korean indigenous calves. The recent case (Case 1) involved a 3-month old, male calf in Jeonbuk province that presented a visibly dry form of gangrene affecting joints of the forelimbs and the hind limbs. Radiograph revealed osteoarthritis possibly resulting from pressure of disrupted joint skin, fasciae, deeper underlying musculatures and tendon. Histopathology of affected tissue showed necrotizing; severely thrombosed dilated blood vessels with rechanneling microvasculatures. The lack of substantial infectious inflammatory exudates in the vital organs and the inability to respond to antimicrobial treatment bolstered the notion that the observed thromboembolic and vascular lesion was attributed to possible vasoconstrictive effects of ergot alkaloids. Case 2: A previously encountered similar case in a 4-month old, male calf showing gangrene of hind limbs and posterior ataxia was likewise presented. These two cases were impressed as probable ergotism. Ergotism may be uncommon or underreported in Korea. Future isolation of ergot alkaloids in feeds or in pasture is highly suggested.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 1994

A calf and 50 mice were infected with Cryptosporidium parvum and their fecal materials were collected and treated 10 ether extraction (EE), followed by discontinuous sucrose gradients (DSG) method. EE method was to remove some of fat or lipid from feces. Sediments were washed by centrifugation ($1,500{\;}{\times}{\;}g$ for 10 min., 3 times) In phosphate-buffered saline and then these washed sediments were sleeved sequentially through stainless steel screens with a final mesh of 250 ($61{\;}{\mu\textrm{m}}$ porosity) to remove other debris. After sieving, the materials were suspended in 2.5% potassium dlchromate solution. Oocysts were counted by using a hemocytometer and the recovery rate of pure oocysts was calculated on the basis of the count. Following centrifugation ($1,500{\;}{\times}{\;}g$ for 30 min.) by DSG method, most oocysts were recovered at the interface between a gravity of 1.103 and 1.064. The recovery rates of pure oocysts from the fecal suspension of the calf ($3.8{\;}{\times}{\;}10^7/ml$) and the mouse ($3.2{\;}{\times}{\;}10^6/ml$) treated with EE method were 81.6% and 51.6%, respectively. It is suggested that the recovery rate was dependent on the number of oocysts In each suspension treated with EE method. To get the 50% recovery rate, there must be more than $2{\;}{\times}{\;}10^6$ oocysts per ml of the fecal suspension treated with EE method. By the combination of the two methods it was possible to isolate C. parvum oocysts from normal feces of the calf and mouse as well as from dlarrhelc feces.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.305-313
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• 2008

The present study was conducted to investigate the epidemiological characteristics such as isolation rate and antimicrobial drug susceptibility of etiological agents. The specimens (stool or intestine) were collected from 319 calves with clinical diarrhea from 195 farms in Gyeongnam south area (Gosung, Tongyung, Hadong) from June 2005 to August 2006. The isolation rate of Salmonella spp was higher in summer (8.4%) than in winter (4.8%) and the average was 7.2% (23/319 head). Some of Salmonella spp isolated were resistant to penicillin, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and cephalexin (>90%), but some of them were susceptible to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and amikacin(>30%). There was no statistical difference in the isolation rate of Eimeria spp between summer(48.9%) and winter(42.3%). For the evaluation of infection level of Eimeria spp oocyst per gram of feces (OPG) was examined, and severe, moderate and light infection level were 11.9%, 12.5% and 22.3%, respectively. In the isolation rates of Eimeria spp the calves under 19 days was lowerthan those over 60 days, but there was not different among herd size.