• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 1992

Effects of caffeine, heparin and caffeine-heparin treatments for in vitro capacitation of Korean Native Cattle sperm on acrosorne reaction and viability were studied using the methods of Wells-Awa and Dual stain. The results were summerized as follows: 1. The acrosome reaction of sperm when treated with caffeine after 0 to 4 hrs of preincubation were 11.0~75.7% for Wells-Awa stain, and 14.3~75.55% for Dual stain. True acrosome reaction of sperm for Dual stain was 3.0~29.2%. The viability of sperm was 62. 2~27.2%. 2. The acrosome reaction of sperm when treated with heparin after 0 to 4 hrs of preincubation were 17.0~81.2% for Wells-Awa, and 14.3~75.5% for Dual Stain. True acrosome reaction of sperm for Dual stain was 1.5~26.6%. The viability of sperm was 58.6~35. 8%. 3. The acrosome reaction of sperm when treated with caffeine-heparin after 0 to 4 hrs of preincubation were 13.0~83.2% for Wells Awa, and 11.0~78.5% for Dual stain. True acrosome reaction of for Dual stain was 5.1~26.3%. The viability of sperm was 60.5~30.1%.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 1999

To make up the medium for quantitative selection of capacitated-sperm through sucrose layer, the effects of BSA, caffeine, heparin and progesterone on sperm swim-up migration and movement were examined. And the results obtained were as follows; 1. BSA of 4mg/ml in bMSS stimulated sperm migration and movement, and attracted capacitated-sperm. 2. Caffeine of 5mM in bMSS containing 4mg/ml BSA stimulated sperm movement and attracted capacitated-sperm. 3. Heparin of 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml in bMAA containing both 4mg/ml BSA and 5mM caffeine stimulated movement and capacitation of sperm. 4. Progesterone of 50$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml in bMSS containing all 4mg/ml BSA, 5mM caffeine and 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml heparin (BCHP-MSS) attracted capacitated-sperm. 5. Effect of BCHP-MSS on sperm on sperm attraction was not different from effect of 10% follicular fluid solution (FF-MSS) on sperm swim-up separation. In conclusion, bMSS with 4mg/ml BSA, 5mM caffeine, 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml heparin and 50$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml progesterone(BCHP-MSS) was a optimal condition for selection of capacitated-sperm through sucrose layer.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.629-633
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• 1992

Caffeine이 랫드의 간조직에서 diethylnitrosamine(200mg/kg B.W., DEN)에 의해 유도되는 preneoplastic altered foci형성의 promotion단계에 미치는 효과를 관찰한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Altered foci의 지표로 사용되는 glutathione S-transferase(GST-P)-positive foci의 수는 caffeine 음수 $m{\ell}$당 2mg 병행투여군($3.10{\pm}2.74$) 및 1mg병행 투여군($5.86{\pm}2.83$) 모두에서 DEN 단독투여 대조군($11.55{\pm}5.82$)에 비하여 현저히 낮게 나타났으며 면적 또한 caffeine 2mg 병행투여군($0.13{\pm}0.11$), 1mg 병행투여군($0.21{\pm}0.12$)에서 DEN 단독투여 대조군($0.76{\pm}0.33$)에 비하여 유의성있는 낮은 수치가 관찰되었다. 간 세포배양에서 unscheduled DNA synthesis(UDS)는 DEN($250{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of medium)단독처리군에 비하여 caffeine($200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of medium) 처리시 약 70% 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 caffeine이 간암발생의 promotion단계에 작용하여 억제효과를 나타냄을 암시하며 이는 DNA회복의 억제와 관계됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2014

Sleep is vital to maintain health and well-being; however, insomnia is currently a widespread health complaint worldwide. In particular, caffeine, a psychoactive component of coffee, tea, and caffeine beverages may lead to sleep disorders such as insomnia. In this study, our primary objective was to investigate the inhibitory effect of high-purity phlorotannin preparation (HP-PRT) on caffeine-induced wakefulness. The sleep test of pentobarbital-induced mice was used as an in vivo animal model. Caffeine (50 and 100 mg/kg) showed significant arousal effects (an increase in sleep latency and a decrease in sleep duration). Co-administration of caffeine (50 mg/kg) and the sedative-hypnotic diazepam (DZP, 1 mg/kg) did not result in similar arousal activity. HP-PRT (500 mg/kg) also inhibited caffeine-induced wakefulness. Our results suggest that HP-PRT would be a useful additive for developing coffee products without the arousal effect.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.276-280
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• 2007

In this work, caffeine and some catechin compounds + C, EC, EGC, and EGCG were extracted from green tea by using molecular imprinted polymers (MIP) as sorbent materials in a solid-phase extraction (SPE) process known as MISPE (molecular imprinted solid-phase extraction). For synthesis of MIP, caffeine was employed as the template, MAA as the monomer, EGDMA as the crosslinker, and AIBN as the initiator. A solution of caffeine (0.2 mg/mL in methanol) was utilized in the solid extraction cartridges following loading, washing, and elution procedures with acetonitrile, methanol, and methanol-acetic acid (90/10, %v/v) as the solvents, respectively. This solid-phase extraction protocol was applied for the extraction of caffeine and some catechin compounds from green tea. A comparison was made between the results obtained with the MIP cartridges and a traditional C18 reversed-phase cartridge. It was thereupon found that the recovery of caffeine by the MIPbased sorbent used in this work was almost two and four times greater than that by a commercially available C18 material. A quantitative analysis was conducted by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a C18 column (5 μm, 250 × 4.6 mm) with methanol/water (40/60, %v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min.

• BMB Reports
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.207-212
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• 2013

The main purpose of this study is to examine the effect of caffeine on lipid accumulation in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Significant decreases in the accumulation of hepatic lipids, such as triglyceride (TG), and cholesterol were observed when HepG2 cells were treated with caffeine as indicated. Caffeine decreased the mRNA level of lipogenesis-associated genes (SREBP1c, SREBP2, FAS, SCD1, HMGR and LDLR). In contrast, mRNA level of CD36, which is responsible for lipid uptake and catabolism, was increased. Next, the effect of caffeine on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway was examined. Phosphorylation of AMPK and acetyl-CoA carboxylase were evidently increased when the cells were treated with caffeine as indicated for 24 h. These effects were all reversed in the presence of compound C, an AMPK inhibitor. In summary, these data indicate that caffeine effectively depleted TG and cholesterol levels by inhibition of lipogenesis and stimulation of lipolysis through modulating AMPK-SREBP signaling pathways.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.183-189
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• 2011

Caffeine and capsaicin increase resting energy metabolism. However, most measurements have been conducted in short-term studies. Therefore, we investigated the effects of caffeine and capsaicin on energy expenditure and energy substrate utilization in resting rats for 6 h. The caffeine (Experiment 1) experiment included four male rats aged 5 weeks and measured the effects of oral administration of caffeine (10 or 50 mg/kg) on respiratory gas, energy expenditure, and energy substrate oxidation for 6 h. Experiment 2 included four male rats aged 6 weeks to measure the effects of capsaicin (10 mg/kg) using the same method as in Experiment 1. The results of Experiment 1 indicated that O₂ uptake and carbohydrate oxidation after caffeine administration for 2 h was higher in the 10 mg trial than that in the 50 mg or placebo trials (P < 0.05). However fat oxidation was not significantly different. In contrast, capsaicin (Experiment 2) observed no differences between the placebo and the capsaicin trials. In conclusion, caffeine initially increased the resting energy consumption for 2 h, and this energy expenditure was due to carbohydrate oxidation. Capsaicin did not change oxygen uptake, respiratory exchange ratio, fat oxidation, or carbohydrate oxidation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.375-382
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• 2002

The purpose of this experiment was to examine influence of acute exercise on nocturnal sleep which had been disrupted by caffeine(400mg$\times$3) thought the daytime. Six healthy young males aged 21.0$\times$0.2 yr with a history of low caffeine use. Subjects completed three conditions in a within-subject. At three conditions Sleep EEG were investigated: (1) nocturnal following quiet rest, (2) nocturnal sleep following the consumption of 1200mg of caffeine (3) nocturnal sleep following cycling at 60 min of 60% V $O_{2peak}$ with 1200mg of caffeine consumption. Sleep data were calculated for REM sleep, REM latency, sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency, sleep stages, SWS. Those data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA of change scores. A main effect to, drug(caffeine) indicated that caffeine elicited sleep disturbance that is, TST and sleep onset latency increase and sleep efficiency and stage 4 decrease. The effects of exercise on sleep following caffeine intake generally improve sleep that is, stage 2, 3 and SWS increase and sleep onset latency decrease. A condition effect for sleep indicated sleep improvement after exercise Therefore The data supported a restorative theory of slow-wave sleep and suggest that acute exercise may be useful in promoting sleep and reducing sleep disturbance elevated by a high dose of caffeine.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.199-209
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• 2017

Purpose: Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychostimulant. It is often adopted as a tool to modulate brain activations in fMRI studies. However, its pharmaceutical effect on task-induced deactivation has not been fully examined in fMRI. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of caffeine on both activation and deactivation under sustained attention. Materials and Methods: Task fMRI was acquired from 26 caffeine naive healthy volunteers before and after taking caffeine pill (200 mg). Results: Statistical analysis showed an increase in cognition-load dependent task activation but a decrease in load dependent de-activation after caffeine ingestion. Increase of attention and memory task activation and its load-dependence suggest a beneficial effect of caffeine on the brain even though it has no overt behavior improvement. The reduction of deactivation by caffeine and its load-dependence indicate reduced facilitation from task-negative networks. Conclusion: Caffeine affects brain activity in a load-dependent manner accompanied by a disassociation between task-positive network and task-negative network.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2001

The caffeine intake cause a local or wide ranges of convulsion and it is associated with release of dopamine (DA) receptors into the brain striatum. However, the effect of caffeine addiction on expression of DA receptors gene in the rat caudate-putamen (CPu), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and olfactory tubercle (OTu) has not been elucidated. In this study, we examined the influence of caffeine addiction on DA D $_1$and D$_2$receptor mRNAs after the treatment of caffeine for four weeks. Using the specific antisense ribo-probes for DA D$_1$and D$_2$receptor cDNAs, in situ hybridization was performed on the CPu, NAc, and OTu of the adult male Sprague Dawely rats. In caffeine-treated group, DA D$_1$and D$_2$receptor mRNAs were highly increased in CPu, NAc, and OTu. The expression density of DA D$_1$receptor mRNAs were 2.52${\pm}$1.40 (CPu), 2.78${\pm}$1.69 (NAc), and 3.91${\pm}$1.28 (OTu) in control group and 7.76${\pm}$2.09 (CPu), 4.2 ${\pm}$1.85 (NAc), and 8.21${\pm}$1.72 (OTu) in caffeine-treated group. The expression density of DA D$_2$receptor mRNA was 2.32${\pm}$1.52 (CPu), 2.63${\pm}$2.11 (NAc), and 3.61${\pm}$1.43 (OTu) in control group, and 6.41${\pm}$1.82 (CPu), 6.89${\pm}$1.32 (NAc), and 6.82${\pm}$1.18 (OTu) in caffeine-treated group. DA D$_1$receptor mRNA was higher expressed than DA D$_2$ receptor mRNA in CPu and NAc. These results suggest that caffeine reacts as a upregulator of the expression of DA D$_1$and D$_2$receptor mRNA among the neurotransmitters.