• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.273-280
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• 2011

It was conducted the experiment, divided into three groups as normal, poor and polycystic ovary syndrome, to detect the change of protein patterns in follicular fluid on ovarian response following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for human IVF outcome. In the normal group, it was confirmed reproducible 57 spots in the detected total 81 spots. Then 1 spot was not found in the other groups. In the poor responder group, it was found reproducible 53 spots in the detected total 98 spots. 6 spots were down-regulation and 7 spots were up-regulation comparable with normal group. There were not 5 spots in poor responder group comparable with other groups. In the polycystic ovary syndrome group, it was expressed reproducible 53 spots in the detected total 80 spots and 3 spots were just expressed in this group. However, 4 spots were not found in polycystic ovary syndrome. 9 spots were up-regulation comparable with normal group. Significant up and down-regulation spots among the each groups were identified. The results were a cytosolic carboxypeptidase, a signal-induced proliferation-associated protein 1, a ceruloplasmin, a keratin(type II cytoskeletal 1), a polypeptide N-acetylgalactosantinyltransferase 2, a serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 4. It was identified that 8 spots, 6 kinds of protein are corresponded with NCBInr database research, but 10 spots were failed in the identification. In conclusion, it has been confirmed change and expression of protein on the ovarian response following COH of human.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.222-227
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• 2011

Objective: To evaluate the ability of serum anti-M$\ddot{u}$llerian hormone (AMH), FSH, and age to clinically predict ovarian response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in IVF patients with endometriosis. Methods: We evaluated 91 COH cycles, including 43 cycles with endometriosis (group I) and 48 cycles with male factor infertility (group II) from January to December, 2010. Patients were classified into study groups based on their surgical history of endometriosis-group Ia (without surgical history, n=16), group Ib (with a surgical history, n=27). Results: The mean age was not significantly different between group I and group II. However, AMH and FSH were significantly different between group I and group II ($1.9{\pm}1.9$ ng/mL vs. $4.1{\pm}2.9$ ng/mL, $p$ <0.01; $13.1{\pm}7.2$ mIU/mL vs. $8.6{\pm}3.3$ mIU/mL, $p$ <0.01). Furthermore, the number of retrieved oocytes and the number of matured oocytes were significantly lower in group I than in group II. In group II, AMH and FSH as well as age were significant predictors of retrieved oocytes on univariate analysis. Only the serum AMH level was a significant predictor of poor ovarian response in women with endometriosis. Conclusion: Serum AMH may be a better predictor of the ovarian response of COH in patients with endometriosis than basal FSH or age. AMH level can be considered a useful clinical predictor of poor ovarian response in endometriosis patients.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.211-220
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• 1995

Though the endometriosis is not always related with infertility, endometriosis causes infertility in some patients. There are many treatment modalities of infertile patients who have endometriosis. In recent years, Assisted Reproductive Technology(ART) have been widely accepted as being a useful tool for the treatment of infertile endometriotic patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcome of ART in infertile endometriotic patients who have been carried out IVF-ET from Jan, 1992 to Dec, 1994 and to compare the results between COH/IUI and IVF-ET in the patients with endometriosis stage I. Tubal disease only patients were grouped(308 patient, 956 cycles) as a control. Endometriosis group was subdivided into 4 groups according to American Fertility Society classification; endometriosis stage I (45 patients, 61 cycles), stage II (26 patients, 39 cycles), stage III (26 pateitns, 37 cycles), stage IV (33 patients, 50 cycles). The outcomes of IVF-ET in endometriosis patients were as follows; The oocyte recovery rates were significantly lower in stage III, IV endometriosis. In case of stage III endometriosis, the fertilization rate was significantly lower than other stages of endometriosis. Clinical pregnancy rates per cycle were not different between the tubal group(22%) and the endometriosis group(25%). According to endometriosis stage, the implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were significantly lower in stage IV (5.6%, 16%) compared with other stages (I; 10.0%, 26%, II;9.8%, 31%, III;12.6%, 32%). It suggests that some factor like autoantibodies may inhibit implantation of embryos in stage IV endometriosis. To evaluate the possibility that simply increasing the number of gametes at the site of fertilization might account for pregnancies attributed to IVF-ET, the authors retrospectively analyzed the outcome of couples undergoing IUI during hMG cycles and CC cycles between 1992 and 1994 in the women with endometriosis stage 1. In case of stage I endometriosis, though the COH/IUI group showed lower FSH level and lesser age profile than IVF-ET group, IUI group has resulted in lower pregnancy rates(19.2%) compared with the IVF-ET group(26.2%). In conclusion, endometriotic infertile patients can get comparable pregnancy rates with the tubal factor infertility patients during IVF-ET program. Moreover even in stage I endometriosis, IVF-ET may be an more effective treatment modality than COH/IUI.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 초등학교 5, 6학년 영어 교과서에 수록된 읽기 지문의 이독성을 분석하여 학년 간 수직적 연계성과 출판사 간 수평적 연계성을 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위해 10종의 교과서에 수록된 읽기 지문을 코퍼스로 구축한 후, Coh-Metrix를 통해 각 교과서에 수록된 읽기 지문의 이독성을 분석하였다. 또한 일원배치 분산분석을 통해 산출된 이독성에 학년 간, 출판사 간에 통계적으로 유의한 수준의 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다. 이를 통해 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 동일 학년 내 읽기 지문의 출판사간 난이도 차이를 분석하여 수평적 연계성을 살펴본 결과 RDL2 지수에서 5학년 교과서간에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 출판사 내에서의 학년 간 수직적 연계성을 분석한 결과 FRE와 FKGL 기준으로 교과서 A의 난이도가 5학년에 비해 6학년에서 높았으며, 이는 통계적으로 유의한 수준의 차이였다. 반면 RDL2를 기준으로 했을 경우 교과서 B의 난이도가 5학년에 비해 6학년에서 더 낮아지는 결과를 보았다. 이러한 결과는 FRE와 FKGL은 문장 길이와 단어 길이 중심으로 이독성을 산출하는 반면, RDL2는 내용어 중복, 단어 빈도 수, 문장의 통사적 유사성 등을 기초로 하고 있기 때문으로 보인다.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2006

Based on the smoothness criterion of minimum curvature variation of the curve, tangent angle constraints guaranteeing an optimized geometric Hermite (OGH) curve both mathematically and geometrically smooth is given, and new methods for constructing composite optimized geometric Hermite (COH) curves are presented in this paper. The comparison of the new methods with Yong and Cheng's methods based on strain energy minimization is included.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2001

We introduce a new class of ${\sigma}$-coherent frames and show that HA is a ${\sigma}$-coherent frame if A is a ${\sigma}$-frame. Based on this, it is shown that a frame is ${\sigma}$-coherent iff it is isomorphic to the frame of ${\sigma}$-ideals of a ${\sigma}$-frame. Finally we show that ${\sigma}$-COhFrm and ${\sigma}$Frm are equivalent.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한불임학회 2006년도 The 5th Biannual Meeting of Pacific Rim Society for Fertility and Sterility
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• pp.175.2-175.2
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• 2006

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.378-385
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• 2017

본 연구는 대학수학능력시험 영어영역 읽기지문의 문항 유형별 응집력과 어휘정보를 파악하기 위해 코퍼스 기반 분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서는 한국교육과정평가원에서 제시하는 여섯 가지의 문항유형을 세가지의 범주, 즉 맥락읽기, 세부읽기, 간접쓰기로 나누어 분석하였다. 이를 위해 처음 수능이 실시된 1994학년도부터 2017학년도까지의 수능 영어영역의 읽기지문의 코퍼스를 구축한 후, 코메트릭스 3.0을 활용하여 해당 코퍼스를 분석하여 각 문항들의 응집력과 어휘정보의 차이를 살펴보았다. 연구 결과 표층응집성 지표에서는 명사중복 측정치와 어간중복 측정치에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 연결사 지표에서는 역접의 연결사와 추가의 연결사에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 어휘정보 지표의 결과에서는 대명사의 발생정도, 습득나이 측정치, 내용어의 구체성 측정치, 심상성 측정치, 유의미성 측정치에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 이러한 문항유형간 응집력과 어휘정보 분석에 대한 정보는 교과서 집필 및 수능시험 출제에 활용될 수 있을 것이며, 학생들이 직접적으로 활용할 수 있는 읽기전략으로 활용 될 것으로 기대된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1991

To investigate the factors that affect the fertilization and cleavage rates of mature oocytes, 44 patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation(COH) with FSH/hMG/hCG regimen for IVF - ET were analyzed. During follicular phase, serum LH levels were measured by radioimmunoassay and bioassay. Based on the mean follicular immunoactive LH(i-LH) and bioactive LH(b-LH) levels, patients were divided into 3 groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in basal serum FSH levels on menstrual cycle day 3, serum estradiol($E_2$) and progesterone ($P_4$) levels on the day of hCG administration, and the numbers of follicles aspirated and oocytes retrieved among groups. In relation to the mean follicular i-LH levels, the fertilization and cleavage rates of mature oocytes did not show a significant difference among groups. However, in groups with higher mean follicular b-LH levels, the fertilization and cleavage rates were reduced significantly. During late follicular phase, day-to-day variance in b-LH levels was not significant, but there was a significant difference among groups. There was no significant correlation between serum P. and b-LH levels. These data suggest that the fertilization and cleavage rates of mature oocytes are adversely affected by the raised mean follicular b-LH levels, and monitoring of serum b-LH levels is more useful in COH when compared with i-LH. It appears that the reduced rates are not due to the attenuated endogenous LH surge.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.143-151
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• 1997

The present study was designed to investigate if antithyroid antibodies (ATA) could affect the pregnancy outcome in euthyroid women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). From October 1995 to September 1996, 28 euthyroid women with ATA who underwent IVF-ET were studied. Fifty-one euthyroid women without ATA who underwent IVF-ET served as control. Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOA) and thyroglobulin antibody (TGA) were assayed using radio ligand assay kits as ATA. All patients included in study and control groups had only tubal factor in infertility. Long protocol of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) was used for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in all patients. There were no significant differences between study and control groups in patient characteristics such as age, infertility duration and hormonal profile. There were also no significant differences between two groups with respect to the clinical response to COH and IVF results such as number of retrieved oocytes, fertilization rate, number of embryos frozen and number of embryos transfered. There were no correlations between ATA (TPOA and TGA) titers and fertilization rate. The clinical pregnancy rate per cycle seemed to be lower in the study group than in the control group (26.3% vs 39.3%), but the difference was not statistically significant. The biochemical pregnancy rate per cycle and miscarriage rate were significantly higher in the study group at 18.4% (7/38) and 40.0% (4/10) compared with 5.6% (5/89) and 11.4% (4/35) in the control group. In the study group, both TPOA and TGA titers were significantly higher in the biochemical pregnancy group than in the clinical pregnancy group or non-pregnancy group. In 10 women with ATA who achieved pregnancy following IVF-ET, both TPOA and TGA titers were significantly higher in the miscarriage group than in the ongoing or delivery group. In conclusion, euthyroid women with ATA appear to represent a less favorable subset within other tubal factor patients when treated with IVF-ET.