• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2018

In this paper, the author proposes an efficient group key agreement scheme in a mobile environment where group members frequently join and leave. This protocol consists of basic protocols and general ones and is expected to be suitable for communications between a mobile device with limited computing capability and a key distributing center (or base station) with sufficient computing capability. Compared with other schemes, the performance of the proposed protocol is a bit more efficient in the aspects of the overall cost for both communication and computation where the computational efficiency of the scheme is achieved by using exclusive or operations and a one-way hash function. Also, in the aspect of security, it guarantees both forward and backward secrecy based on the computational Diffie-Hellman (CDH) assumption so that secure group communication can be made possible. Furthermore, the author proves its security against a passive adversary in the random oracle model.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.541-549
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• 2015

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer (BC) with higher metastatic rate and both local and systemic recurrence compared to non-TNBC. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) secondary to oxidative stress is associated with DNA damage, chromosomal degradation and alterations of both hypermethylation and hypomethylation of DNA. This study concerns differential methylation of promoter regions in specific groups of genes in TNBC and non-TNBC Saudi females in an effort to understand whether epigenetic events might be involved in breast carcinogenesis, and whether they might be used as markers for Saudi BCs. Methylation of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), T-cadherin (CDH13), Paired box protein 5 (PAX5), death associated protein kinase (DAPK), twist-related protein (TWIST), DNA-binding protein inhibitor (ID4), High In Normal-1 (HIN-1), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16), cyclin D2 and retinoic acid receptor-${\beta}$ ($RAR{\beta}1$) genes was analyzed by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) in 200 archival formalin-fixed paraffin embedded BC tissues divided into 3 groups; benign breast tissues (20), TNBC (80) and non-TNBC (100). The relationships between methylation status, and clinical and pathological characteristics of patients and tumors were assessed. Higher frequencies of GSTP1, ID4, TWIST, DAPK, PAX5 and HIN-1 hypermethylation were found in TNBC than in non-TNBC. Hypermethylation of GSTP1, CDH13, ID4, DAPK, HIN-1 and PAX5 increased with tumor grade increasing. Other statistically significant correlations were identified with studied genes. Data from this study suggest that increased hypermethylation of GSTP1, ID4, TWIST, DAPK, PAX5 and HIN-1 genes in TNBC than in non-TNBC can act as useful biomarker for BCs in the Saudi population. The higher frequency of specific hypermethylated genes paralleling tumor grade, size and lymph node involvement suggests contributions to breast cancer initiation and progression.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.166-175
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• 2016

이전 연구에서 사람의 치수와 치주인대의 기능에 대한 구체적인 3만 2천여개의 인체 유전자의 RNA 활성 정보는 없었다. 본 연구의 목적은 사람 영구치에서 얻은 치주인대와 치수 조직 내의 RNA 유전자 발현을 보고하고 각각의 분자생물학적인 차이를 알아보는 것이다. cDNA 미세배열분석에서 두 조직 사이의 유전자 발현 수준에서 4배 이상 차이나는 유전자는 347개로 밝혀졌으며, 치주인대와 치수에서 각각 83개, 264개의 유전자 발현이 4배 이상 차이난다는 것을 보여주었다. 치주인대는 교원질 합성 (FAP), 교원질 분해 (MMP3, MMP9와 MMP13), 골 형성 및 개조 (SPP1, BMP3, ACP5, CTSK와 PTHLH)와 관련된 유전자가 강하게 발현되었다. 반면 치수조직은 칼슘 이온 (CALB1, SCIN와 CDH12)과 법랑질 또는 상아질의 광화 및 형성 (SPARC/SPOCK3, PHEX, AMBN과 DSPP)와 관련한 유전자의 발현이 높게 나타났다. 이들 유전자 중 SPP1, SPARC/SPOCK3, AMBN, DSPP 등의 유전자는 치아의 기능과 관련해서 잘 알려져 있지만, 다른 유전자들은 microarray 분석을 통해서 새롭게 발견된 유전자이다. 이 유전자들은 추가적인 연구가 수행된다면 재생 치료의 좋은 요인을 찾는데 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.740-752
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• 2023

Objective: Dietary phytase increases bioavailability of phytate-bound phosphorus (P) in pig nutrition affecting dietary calcium (Ca) to P ratio, intestinal uptake, and systemic utilization of both minerals, which may contribute to improper bone mineralization. We used phytase to assess long-term effects of two dietary available P (aP) levels using a one-phase feeding system on gene expression related to Ca and P homeostasis along the intestinal tract and in the kidney, short-chain fatty acids in stomach, cecum, and colon, serum, and bone parameters in growing gilts and barrows. Methods: Growing pigs (37.9±6.2 kg) had either free access to a diet without (Con; 75 gilts and 69 barrows) or with phytase (650 phytase units; n = 72/diet) for 56 days. Samples of blood, duodenal, jejunal, ileal, cecal, and colonic mucosa and digesta, kidney, and metacarpal bones were collected from 24 pigs (6 gilts and 6 barrows per diet). Results: Phytase decreased daily feed intake and average daily gain, whereas aP intake increased with phytase versus Con diet (p<0.05). Gilts had higher colonic expression of TRPV5, CDH1, CLDN4, ZO1, and OCLN and renal expression of TRPV5 and SLC34A3 compared to barrows (p<0.05). Phytase increased duodenal expression of TRPV5, TRPV6, CALB1, PMCA1b, CDH1, CLDN4, ZO1, and OCLN compared to Con diet (p<0.05). Furthermore, phytase increased expression of SCL34A2 in cecum and of FGF23 and CLDN4 in colon compared to Con diet (p<0.05). Alongside, phytase decreased gastric propionate, cecal valerate, and colonic caproate versus Con diet (p<0.05). Phytase reduced cortical wall thickness and index of metacarpal bones (p<0.05). Conclusion: Gene expression results suggested an intestinal adaptation to increased dietary aP amount by increasing duodenal trans- and paracellular Ca absorption to balance the systemically available Ca and P levels, whereas no adaption of relevant gene expression in kidney occurred. Greater average daily gain in barrows related to higher feed intake.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.2177-2185
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• 2015

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women around the world. About one in 12 women in the West develop breast cancer at some point in life. It is estimated that 5%-10% of all breast cancer cases in women are linked to hereditary susceptibility due to mutations in autosomal dominant genes. The two key players associated with high breast cancer risk are mutations in BRCA 1 and BRCA 2. Another highly important mutation can occur in TP53 resulting in a triple negative breast cancer. However, the great majority of breast cancer cases are not related to a mutated gene of high penetrance, but to genes of low penetrance such as CHEK2, CDH1, NBS1, RAD50, BRIP1 and PALB2, which are frequently mutated in the general population. In this review, we discuss the entire spectrum of mutations which are associated with breast cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3403-3409
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• 2013

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women affecting up to one third of tehm during their lifespans. Increased expression of some genes due to polymorphisms increases the risk of breast cancer incidence. Since mutations that are recognized to increase breast cancer risk within families are quite rare, identification of these SNPs is very important. The most important loci which include mutations are; BRCA1, BRCA2, PTEN, ATM, TP53, CHEK2, PPM1D, CDH1, MLH1, MRE11, MSH2, MSH6, MUTYH, NBN, PMS1, PMS2, BRIP1, RAD50, RAD51C, STK11 and BARD1. Presence of SNPs in these genes increases the risk of breast cancer and associated diagnostic markers are among the most reliable for assessing prognosis of breast cancer. In this article we reviewed the hereditary genes of breast cancer and SNPs associated with increasing the risk of breast cancer that were recently were reported from candidate gene, meta-analysis and GWAS studies. SNPs of genes associated with breast cancer can be used as a potential tool for improving cancer diagnosis and treatment planning.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제31권3_4호
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• pp.425-441
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• 2013

In literature, several strong designated verifier signature (SDVS) schemes have been devised using elliptic curve bilinear pairing and map-topoint (MTP) hash function. The bilinear pairing requires a super-singular elliptic curve group having large number of elements and the relative computation cost of it is approximately two to three times higher than that of elliptic curve point multiplication, which indicates that bilinear pairing is an expensive operation. Moreover, the MTP function, which maps a user identity into an elliptic curve point, is more expensive than an elliptic curve scalar point multiplication. Hence, the SDVS schemes from bilinear pairing and MTP hash function are not efficient in real environments. Thus, a cost-efficient SDVS scheme using elliptic curve cryptography with pairingfree operation is proposed in this paper that instead of MTP hash function uses a general cryptographic hash function. The security analysis shows that our scheme is secure in the random oracle model with the hardness assumption of CDH problem. In addition, the formal security validation of the proposed scheme is done using AVISPA tool (Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications) that demonstrated that our scheme is unforgeable against passive and active attacks. Our scheme also satisfies the different properties of an SDVS scheme including strongness, source hiding, non-transferability and unforgeability. The comparison of our scheme with others are given, which shows that it outperforms in terms of security, computation cost and bandwidth requirement.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2017

In this work, we isolated a surface layer protein (SLP) from a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strain to evaluate it cytotoxic effects against MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. AP11 was selected from a g roup of Bt strains using SLP olig onucleotides developed from Bacillus conserved regions. The AP11 strain was grown in Luria Bertani medium until the late exponential phase; an 86 kDa protein was extracted using 5 M LiCl and identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. It corresponded to a multispecies SLP highly similar to previously described SLPs in Bt. The MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells $LC_{50}$ was obtained using $0.25{\mu}g/ml$ of the isolated SLP. HaCat non-cancerous cells presented 90% survival using the same protein concentration. Our data suggest that SLP cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 could be induced by an interaction with the CDH11 cell membrane receptor.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.4576-4598
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• 2018

In big data age, flexible and affordable cloud storage service greatly enhances productivity for enterprises and individuals, but spontaneously has their outsourced data susceptible to integrity breaches. Provable Data Possession (PDP) as a critical technology, could enable data owners to efficiently verify cloud data integrity, without downloading entire copy. To address challenging integrity problem on multiple clouds for multiple owners, an identity-based batch PDP scheme was presented in ProvSec 2016, which attempted to eliminate public key certificate management issue and reduce computation overheads in a secure and batch method. In this paper, we firstly demonstrate this scheme is insecure so that any clouds who have outsourced data deleted or modified, could efficiently pass integrity verification, simply by utilizing two arbitrary block-tag pairs of one data owner. Specifically, malicious clouds are able to fabricate integrity proofs by 1) universally forging valid tags and 2) recovering data owners' private keys. Secondly, to enhance the security, we propose an improved scheme to withstand these attacks, and prove its security with CDH assumption under random oracle model. Finally, based on simulations and overheads analysis, our batch scheme demonstrates better efficiency compared to an identity based multi-cloud PDP with single owner effort.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2019

Neuropathic pain is a complex chronic pain state caused by the dysfunction of somatosensory nervous system, and it affects the millions of people worldwide. At present, there are very few medical treatments available for neuropathic pain management and the intolerable side effects of medications may further worsen the symptoms. Despite the presence of profound knowledge that delineates the pathophysiology and mechanisms leading to neuropathic pain, the unmet clinical needs demand more research in this field that would ultimately assist to ameliorate the pain conditions. Efforts are being made globally to explore and understand the basic molecular mechanisms responsible for somatosensory dysfunction in preclinical pain models. The present review highlights some of the novel molecular targets like D-amino acid oxidase, endoplasmic reticulum stress receptors, sigma receptors, hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels, histone deacetylase, $Wnt/{\beta}-catenin$ and Wnt/Ryk, ephrins and Eph receptor tyrosine kinase, Cdh-1 and mitochondrial ATPase that are implicated in the induction of neuropathic pain. Studies conducted on the different animal models and observed results have been summarized with an aim to facilitate the efforts made in the drug discovery. The diligent analysis and exploitation of these targets may help in the identification of some promising therapies that can better manage neuropathic pain and improve the health of patients.