• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.234-238
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• 2008

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of growth retardants such as CCC and diniconazole in grafted cactus for control shipping product of grafted cactus, which had high degree of dependence upon export. The PGRs were 50, 100, 150 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ CCC and diniconazole, respectively. Treatment of diniconazole and CCC not reduced diameter on Gymnocalycium mihanovichii var. friedrichii but number of tubercle reduced significantly according to the increase of diniconazole treatment, control was 7.2 tubercles, but with 100 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ diniconazole was 6.4 tubercles. Treatment of diniconazole and CCC reduced significantly diameter and tubercle number on Chamaecereus silvestrii f. variegata at higher concentration. Diameter and height reduced significantly the treatment of CCC with 3.3 and 13.4 mm of 150 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively. Dry weight of root, rootstock and scion decreased at higher concentrations of CCC and diniconazole in Chamaecereus silvestrii f. variegata. The most effective method of plant growth retardants for controlling of shipping time was the 150 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ CCC treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.173-173
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• 2017

Phalaenopsis orchid is one of the most important flowers in flower industry. We conducted an experiment to find out the response of different concentration of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) for the in vitro regeneration of protocorm like bodies (PLBs) of Phalaenopsis 'Fmk02010'. We used five different concentrations of CCC and these were 0 (control), 0.01, 0.1, 1 and $10mgL^{-1}$ in modified MS medium and cultured for 42 days. We added two major salts ammonium nitrate ($412.5mgL^{-1}$) and potassium nitrate ($950.0mgL^{-1}$) to the MS medium for the modification. Maximum numbers of PLBs were found from media with $0.01mgL^{-1}$ of CCC (15.667) and maximum fresh weight (0.211 g) as well. The 100% PLB formation rate was also found from $0.01mgL^{-1}$ of CCC. We found 58.83% variation in number of PLBs ($R^2=0.5883$) and 47.44% variation in fresh weight ($R^2=0.4744$) to the different CCC concentrations. Our study suggested that increase in the CCC concentration negatively affect the PLBs organogenesis of Phalaenopsis. We can suggest that the addition of very low concentration of CCC in plant culture medium can increase the number, formation rate and fresh weight of PLBs of Phalaenopsis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.177-177
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• 2017

Phalaenopsis orchid is one of the most important flowers in flower industry. We conducted an experiment to find out the response of different concentration of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) for the in vitro regeneration of protocorm like bodies (PLBs) of Phalaenopsis 'Fmk02010'. We used five different concentrations of CCC and these were 0 (control), 0.01, 0.1, 1 and $10mgL^{-1}$ in modified MS medium and cultured for 42 days. We added two major salts ammonium nitrate ($412.5mgL^{-1}$) and potassium nitrate ($950.0mgL^{-1}$) to the MS medium for the modification. Maximum numbers of PLBs were found from media with $0.01mgL^{-1}$ of CCC (15.667) and maximum fresh weight (0.211 g) as well. The 100% PLB formation rate was also found from $0.01mgL^{-1}$ of CCC. We found 58.83% variation in number of PLBs ($R^2=0.5883$) and 47.44% variation in fresh weight ($R^2=0.4744$) to the different CCC concentrations. Our study suggested that increase in the CCC concentration negatively affect the PLBs organogenesis of Phalaenopsis. We can suggest that the addition of very low concentration of CCC in plant culture medium can increase the number, formation rate and fresh weight of PLBs of Phalaenopsis.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.101-112
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• 2008

As charts to monitor the process fraction defectives, P, in the high-yield processes, Mishima et al. (2002) discussed a synthetic chart, the Synthetic CS chart, which integrates the CS (Confirmation Sample)$_{CCC(\text{Cumulative Count of Conforming})-r}$ chart and the CCC-r chart. The Synthetic CS chart is designed to monitor quality characteristics in real-time. Recently, Kotani et al. (2005) presented the EWMA (Exponentially Weighted Moving-Average)$_{CCC-r}$ chart, which considers combining the quality characteristics monitored in the past with one monitored in real-time. In this paper, we present an alternative chart that is more superior to the $EWMA_{CCC-r}$ chart. It is an integration of the $EWMA_{CCC-r}$ chart and the CCC-r chart. In using the proposed chart, the quality characteristic is initially judged as either the in-control state or the out-of-control state, using the lower and upper control limits of the $EWMA_{CCC-r}$ chart. If the process is not judged as the in-control state by the $EWMA_{CCC-r}$ chart, the process is successively judged, using the $EWMA_{CCC-r}$ chart. We compare the ANOS (Average Number of Observations to Signal) of the proposed chart with those of the $EWMA_{CCC-r}$ chart and the Synthetic CS chart. From the numerical experiments, with the small size of inspection items, the proposed chart is the most sensitive to detect especially the small shifts in P among other charts.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.140-146
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• 1996

A large portion(above 70%) fo the hydrocorbon and NOx emissions for a typical vehicle occur mainly before the conventional underbody catalyst reaches activation temperature. To meet the stringent regulation as EC stage 2, the emissions produced during this period must be reduced. One of alternative techniques is to place CCC(Close-Coupled Catalyst) near the exhaust manifold. In this study, the characteristics of CCC are observed through EEC mode.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.485-495
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• 2018

The CCC-r chart is more effective than traditional attribute control charts for monitoring high-quality processes. In-control process parameters are typically unknown and should be estimated when implementing a CCC-r chart. Phase II control chart performance can deteriorate due to the effect of the estimation error. In this paper, we used the standard deviation of average run length (ARL) as well as the average of ARL to quantify the between-practitioner variability in the CCC-r chart performance. The results indicate that the CCC-r chart requires larger Phase I data than previously recommended in the literature in order to have consistent chart in-control performance among practitioners.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2005

Borror et al. discussed the EWMA(Exponentially Weighted Moving Average) chart to monitor the count of defects which follows the Poisson distribution, referred to the $EWMA_c$ chart, as an alternative Shewhart c chart. In the $EWMA_c$ chart, the Markov chain approach is used to calculate the ARL (Average Run Length). On the other hand, in order to monitor the process fraction defectives P in high-yield processes, Xie et al. presented the CCC(Cumulative Count of Conforming)-r chart of which quality characteristic is the cumulative count of conforming item inspected until observing $r({\geq}2)$ nonconforming items. Furthermore, Ohta and Kusukawa presented the $CS(Confirmation Sample)_{CCC-r}$ chart as an alternative of the CCC-r chart. As a more superior chart in high-yield processes, in this paper we present an $EWMA_{CCC-r}$ chart to detect more sensitively small or moderate shifts in P than the $CS_{CCC-r}$ chart. The proposed $EWMA_{CCC-r}$ chart can be constructed by applying the designing method of the $EWMA_C$ chart to the CCC-r chart. ANOS(Average Number of Observations to Signal) of the proposed chart is compared with that of the $CS_{CCC-r}$ chart through computer simulation. It is demonstrated from numerical examples that the performance of proposed chart is more superior to the $CS_{CCC-r}$ chart.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.158-163
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• 2010

KT will deploy HSPA+/CCC network in this year to handle data explosion. CCC is an evolutionary wireless network architecture which divides a node B into baseband and radio part. By collecting baseband units in a digital unit central station and installing only remote units on desired sites, the operator can reduce the total cost of ownership and $CO_2$ emission. In this paper, we describe some expected problems in deploying HSPA+/CCC network, and how to implement the wireless network planning system to solve them effectively.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.844-847
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• 1996

This paper describes the servo position control for the 2-axis positioning table the servo controller consists of conventional feedback loops, disturbance observer. To reduce the contour error, which occurs in the multi-dimensions machines, cross-coupled controller(CCC) is suggested. A weak point of the CCC is their low effectiveness in dealing with arbitrary nonlinear contour such as circles and parabolas. This paper introduces a new nonlinear CCC that is based on control gains that vary during the contour movement The gains of CCC and adjusted in real time according to the shape of nonlinear contour. The feedback controller based on the disturbance observer compensated for external disturbance, plant uncertainty and bad effectiveness by friction model. Suggested servo controller which improve the contouring accuracy, apply to the 2-axis system. Simulation results on 2-axis table verify the effectiveness of the proposed servo controller.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 1980

The effects of foliar Spray of CCC [(2-Chloroethyl)-trimethyl-ammonium Chloride] on the growth of mulberry tree and the metabolic activities in the leaves were measured. The results of this experiment are summarized as follows; 1. Foliar application of CCC was not effective in increasing of leaf area, the fresh and dry weight of the leaves and height of shoot, but was effective in increasing of diameter of Shoot. 2. Chlorophyll Content was generally increased in all treated leaves 3. All the treated leaves were lower in GOT and GPT activity than control leaves. 4. The activities of hydrolytic reducing Sugar in the mulberry leaves infiltrated Sucrose were lower than those of the control in all treated leaves, but the activities on Synthetic non-reducing Sugar in the mulberry leaves infiltrated glucose were higher than those of control in all treated leaves.