• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1785-1790
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• 2016

There is exhibit a degree of pain in the occurrence and course of treatment levels or oral, pain rating scale actions, such as illness, for example, the discomfort scale because of the pain "annoying", "unpleasant" "annoyed am", "painful" represents a pain scale of the order of "painful", "hard to bear", "very difficult to bear". Depression is recognized based on the premise of the situation, because it is difficult to recognize themselves. In this paper we define the components of the depression can be seen lifestyle which can lead to depression or through a biological signal. The depression index was derived from the ontology modeling to understand the state of depression. Depression ontology components and depression index will be aware of the situation based information services for depression. Combined with the situational awareness based devices and can be synchronized to verify the results of the depression index. It will be applied to improve lifestyle factors that of depression.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.117-128
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• 2015

An organization must restructure itself once it makes outsourcing decisions. Outsourcing is a strategy that a company adopts to direct internal efforts into strengthening its core business processes while contracting other companies for strategically less critical tasks thereby improving organizational production efficiency, and the strategy inevitably involves organizational restructuring. While public service organizations have increasingly embraced outsourcing as well, only a handful of studies analyze the change in efficiency from organizational restructuring. Therefore, this study uses Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) to test whether efficiency improved in Korea Expressway Corporation's restructured branch offices. Korea Expressway Corporation evaluated and grouped its branches based on road extensions management, traffic volume, the number of snow days, road deterioration, and the number of junctions to differentially allocate its personnel and budget. The extent of efficiency improvement in each group was compared, and results show that inefficiency did not exist in any of the groups. The efficiency index among the three group categories was similar across the board; 9 offices in the A-group with its expanded personnel and budget had an efficiency index of 0.954, 12 offices in the B-group with unchanged personnel and budget conditions had an index of 0.950, and 12 offices in the C-group with reduced personnel and budget had an index of 0.937. SFA facilitates efficiency analyses because it does not require pre-restructuring data. This study is easy to apply in practice and empirically tests efficiency improvement in organizational restructuring based on data collected from all the branch offices in Korea Expressway Corporation.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.383-391
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• 2017

This study examines the relationship between sentiment of speculators and price movements in the futures markets of WTI crude oil, copper, and wheat during the period 2003~2014 using Granger causality tests. The results indicate that speculative positions overall has no predictive power for returns in each futures market. Rather, returns seem to have effects on speculators' sentiment especially during periods of both economic expansion and recovery. During a recession, meanwhile, changes of speculators' sentiment index in the WTI crude oil and copper markets provide predictive power for returns in a positive direction, suggesting that speculators' pessimistic sentiment aggravates declines in commodity prices. Since the effects of speculative positions on market prices are ambiguous, tight regulations on speculative trading are not advisable. In a bearish market, however, regulatory bodies should consider raising speculative position limits because large speculative short positions and (or) liquidation of index traders' long positions may lead steep price declines.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.159-178
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• 2013

This study aims to evaluate the retirement income readiness of Korea, a country that-considering its high property asset ratio-is seeing an unprecedented rapid progression of graying. The result of analyzing 6,589 non-retired households in Statistics Korea's Survey of Household Finances (2011) is as follows. First, the Retirement Readiness Index, considering annual income and asset utilization income before including longevity risk, was 70.6. The index increased to 89.5 when utilizing real assets excluding houses and exceeded 100 when utilizing houses. Second, when designating 100 to be the life expectancy and taking into consideration longevity risk, there results were 52.5, 63.7, and 81.1, respectively. Third, since it is less likely for one to use all current financial assets as post-retirement income, the study reviewed the changes in the Retirement Readiness Index by applying three different levels of asset utilization ratios (50%, 75%, and 100%), which refer to the conversion ratios of current assets to retirement assets. This study is significant in that it considers longevity risk and applies asset utilization ratios in various ways, outside of the assumption that all current financial assets will be used as post-retirement income, to take a more realistic approach to retirement readiness.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.730-738
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• 2010

In the development of railroad station area, there are many factors about business management, but the interest of railroad users is an important factor as customer satisfaction. It is necessary to have the quality estimation of railroad service, and important factors of service as customer satisfaction aspects can be supply, reliability, convenience, and safety. In this study, primary factors are deduced in the efficiency aspects of railroad station facilities from analyzing relative importance index using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) methods. The most high rank important factor is railroad station user facilities, and the AHP importance index of passenger facilities and elevator facilities for KORAIL personnel and facility users is index. The third of KORAIL personnel is movement facilities, but facility users index is sanitation. And the low important factors of KORAIL personnel and facility users are shown as the platform in passenger facilities, the rest facilities in waiting room, the escalator in going up and coming down facilities, the escalator in movement facilities, the raised letters block in guide facilities, and the parking lot in subsidiary facilities.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.11
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• pp.1011-1020
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• 2018

This study aims to develop a drought monitoring scheme based on groundwater which can be exploit for water supply under drought stress. In this context, groundwater level can be used as a proxy for better understanding the temporal evolution of drought state. First, kernel density estimator is presented in the monthly groundwater level over the entire national groundwater stations. The estimated cumulative distribution function is then utilized to map the monthly groundwater level into the standardized groundwater level index (SGI). The SGI for each station was eventually converted into the index for major cities through the Thiessen polygon approach. We provide a drought classification for a given SGI to better characterize the degree of drought condition. Ultimately, we conclude that the proposed monitoring framework enables a more reliable estimation of the drought stress, especially for a limited water supply area.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.8 s.114
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• pp.657-662
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• 2006

This study proposes the introduction of management assessment system on the remote island route passenger companies in a way of stimulating the companies to make sustained efforts on management improvement, and come up with the ways of management assessment index and management assessment methods by using the AHP scheme. These indices are organizes in three categories. The main category is consisted of responsible management part, management an control part, business operation part and customer satisfaction part, and the intermediary category has the 15 items including the efforts for responsible management, and the sub category is consisted of 44 items including the management vision of executive and participation of enterprise in responsible management, and others. The scoring of these indices is the result of scoring by calculating the added weight for each category by using the AHP scheme that it is considered as needed for the scoring adjustment for each standard of assessment index by the adjustment of added weight for categories with the consideration of shipping company operation and shipping characteristics while undertaking the actual affairs.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.41-55
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• 2017

Industrial Revolution is a concept and a development that has fundamentally changed our society and economy. Industry 4.0 focuses on the end-to-end digitization of all physical assets and integration into digital ecosystems with value chain partners. At present, we find ourselves at the beginning of this fourth stage, which is characterized by so-called "Cyber-Physical Systems". These systems are a consequence of the far-reaching integration of production, sustainability and customer-satisfaction forming the basis of intelligent network systems and processes. If South Korea ran toward global ICT with the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, North Korea has adhered to a unique Juche science and technology. ICT in South Korea and North Korea seems very difficult to find common interests. However, as seen in the Internet and intranets, information and communication technology can find similarities in many areas than in general science and technology. There are many differences not only in the level of ICT and science and technology but also in the direction. And IT terminology and all technologies are also different. What are we preparing for the unification of North and South Korea? If we look at the science and technology sector at present, there seems to be no systematic preparation by the government. South Korea and North Korea need to be prepared for science and technology cooperation. First, it is necessary to understand the exact situation of North Korea's science and technology. In this study, we will perform research to establish mid and long term plans for revitalization of ICT cooperation between the two Koreas. In this study, we will determine the extent to which the two Koreas utilize ICT based on available ICT capabilities and technologies. To do this, we conducted research to measure and evaluate the ICT development index of North Korea using ICT international index.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.109-118
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility and internationalization. The companies executed the CSR activity using the published index of economic justice (KEJI index) surveyed from 2013 to 2014. A total of 286 companies were included in the study. Results are as follows. First, the degree of internationalization groups showed significant differences. It found that the higher the proportion of international companies showed positively CSR activities. Especially, It found that environmental management and customer protection showed positively performed. Second, environmental management and customer protection showed positive effect on firm internationalization. It found that the higher the proportion of international companies thought environmental management and customer protection activity were more important. This study proposed that CSR activity are very important in firm performance. It showed CSR activities and strategy are presented for sustainable management.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.591-606
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• 2020

The aim of this study is to explore diverse characteristics of females aged 25 to 49 years grouped according to Body Mass Index(BMI), and to investigate the effect of body satisfaction and self-esteem on involvement in dieting within each BMI group. In total, 549 females who participated in an online survey were divided into groups based on BMI(underweight, normal, and overweight). Results demonstrated three key factors, as follows. First, differences were identified among BMI groups according to demographic characteristics(age, household income, and marital status), although no difference according to education level was found. Second, differences according to BMI groups were found in body satisfaction and involvement in dieting, whereas were not found in self-esteem. Third, model testing for each BMI group showed, a positive correlation between body satisfaction and self-esteem in all three groups. However, there was a difference in causal relationships among variable across BMI groups. Body satisfaction negatively affected and self-esteem positively affected involvement in dieting for the underweight and normal groups, whereas there was no causal relationship between variables in the overweight group. Based on these results, basic information of groups segmented by the level of BMI was obtained, which could be used for both academic and practical implications.