• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.51-57
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• 2013

Energy saving starts by knowing how much energy is being consumed. A building factor is easier than any other things in energy saving. Since, especially, it is closely connected with user's space-use-patterns and manager's utility-operation-style. An energy metering system lets building users know about energy consumption pattern in buildings and measure energy in real time. Development and materialization of metering systems need more careful plans, so that they depend on a demand of individual facilities and available infrastructures they used to use. But, so far, there is no guidelines how to install metering systems. This paper suggested how to install meters and researched a method for how to analyze by using metered data. For that, Green Building in KIER is used as a test bed. As the results, nevertheless the smallest number of meters is basically one for the whole building energy measuring, it is too limited in analysis. So we needed to add the sort of fuel and utility types and found that it depends on all cases. For this reasons, a guideline should be created in order to install meters as soon as possible. It would be suggest a way to save more energy in building factor.

• Architectural research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.203-210
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• 2014

The packaged terminal air conditioner, the typical cooling system for the residential buildings, consumes a large amount of electricity in a short period time during peak hours. In order to reduce the peak load and conserve the electricity, the thermally activated building system can be used as a secondary system to handle the partial cooling load. However, the thermally activated building system may cause condensation and under-cooling. Thus, design of both systems should be performed with careful investigation in characteristics of both systems to amplify the advantages. Since the thermally activated building system has the time-delay effect which may cause under-cooling, the system is designed to handle the base load of the building. Hence, simple simulation with EnergyPlus was performed to observe the characteristics of cooling load in residential buildings. Once the possible range of the load handling ratio of the thermally activated building system was decided, characteristics of system was analyzed in terms of hardware component and operation parameters. The hardware components were analyzed in plant and system aspects and the operation parameter was evaluated in the thermal comfort aspect. As the load handling ratio increased, the thermal comfort increased due to the lower radiant mean temperatures. Within the range of thermal comfort, the several adjustments were made in setpoint temperature and electricity consumptions of difference cases were observed to decide which components and parameters were important for designing the systems.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.669-679
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• 2018

Energy consumption savings in buildings should be reviewed in diverse areas such as air conditioning system and lighting responsible for cooling and heating, and energy management systems such as BAS (Building Automation System) and BEMS (Building Energy Management System) are introduced to improve energy consumption efficiency and to promote economic control of related facilities by integrated management of energy generated and consumption in buildings. The measured building of this study uses regenerative geothermal system. Measured values of heat pump and system COP were 4.7 and 4.2 respectively, and they were found to be higher 11.9% and 23.5% than rated values. As a result of analyzing the air conditioning and lighting energy from the first floor to the fourth floor performing the air conditioning, the second and third floors, which have a high frequency of use, are compared with the first and fourth floors 50% higher energy consumption ratio. On the other hand, the general heat storage system uses the nighttime power of the previous day to store heat and use it the next day. The total number of days of abnormal operation during the summer season is 61 days. The electricity cost corresponding to the abnormal operation is 1,840,641 KRW, and the normal operation using the nighttime power is 1,363,561 KRW, which is difference of 477,080 KRW, 35% increase in cost. We will utilize it as the main data of BEMS through analysis of winter operation characteristics as well as summer operation characteristics.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.159-180
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• 2001

Despite the large and ongoing investments in information systems and technologies, many organizations still suffer from the lack of integration and interoperability of multiple information systems, In order to deal with these enduring problems, a number of government organizations and corporate firms in the United States have developed and maintained IT architectures through enterprise architecture planning. An IT architecture is a decision-making framework for IT planners and developers, establishing guidelines for the individual IT resource owners and users. It provides guidance to those involved in building and maintaining IT systems and infrastructure. Enterprise architecture planning represents a new paradigm of information systems planning in that it addresses the long-term view of the enterprise organization from top-level principles to detailed technology architectures. This paper explores a couple of cases in the successful implementation of IT architectures in both public and private sectors, and proposes a step-by-step methodology for building an effective IT architecture.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.563-576
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• 2015

Over the past few decades, seismic retrofitting of structural systems has been significantly improved by the adoption of various methods such as FRP composite wraps, base isolation systems, and passive/active damper control systems. In parallel with this trend, probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) for structural and nonstructural components has become necessary for risk mitigation and the achievement of reliable designs in performance-based earthquake engineering. The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect on piping fragility at T-joints due to seismic retrofitting of structural systems with passive energy-dissipation devices (i.e., linear viscous dampers). Three mid-rise building types were considered: without any seismic retrofitting; with distributed damper systems; with optimal placement of dampers. The results showed that the probability of piping system failure was considerably reduced in a Multi Degree of Freedom (MDOF) building retrofitted with optimal passive damper systems at lower floor levels. This effect of damper systems on piping fragility became insignificant as the floor level increased.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.7 no.3 s.25
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• pp.87-95
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• 2007

The recent completions of free-form spatial structures provide us a very attractive form. To realize such an extraordinary shape, it is absolutely necessary that the connector systems have to be investigated the characteristics of the systems and analyzed with a practicable method. In this context, this research consists of not only literature research but also numerical analysis with selected connector systems, which was adopted in real free-form spatial structures. For numerical analysis, especially, finite element analysis (FEA) is performed with a various test parameter using a commercial program ANSYS. Consequently, the general characteristics of node connectors the moment-rotation-curves are presented by considering a large deformation effect as well as a multi-linear material properties.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.79-87
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• 2006

This study aims to presents the applicability of apartment building for renewable energy systems using method of uncomplicated calculation and computer simulation. According to the weather conditions (NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy) analysis, it has been found that photovoltaic and wind power system can be applied to apartment buildings application. In case study considering layout and block plan, adaptation of solar water heating, photovoltaic and wind energy system to apartment buildings was proved to produce a profit. And the application strategies of renewable energy systems can be used not only for the investment decisions for economic analysis but also for the comparative analysis of uncomplicated calculation and computer simulation.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.735-755
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• 2016

This article presents a proposed analytical methodology to determine seismic force-resisting system R-values for steel diagrid framed systems. As current model building codes do not explicitly address the seismic design performance factors for this new and emerging structural system, the purpose of this study is to provide a sound and reliable basis for defining such seismic design parameters. An approach and methodology for the reliable determination of seismic performance factors for use in the design of steel diagrid framed structural systems is proposed. The recommended methodology is based on current state-of-the-art and state-of-the practice methods including structural nonlinear dynamic analysis techniques, testing data requirements, building code design procedures and earthquake ground motion characterization. In determining appropriate seismic performance factors (R, ${\Omega}_O$, $C_d$) for new archetypical building structural systems, the methodology defines acceptably low values of probability against collapse under maximum considered earthquake ground shaking.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.123-128
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• 1994

This paper analyzes the dynamical modeling of high-rise building and the design of control systems for suppressing undesired vibrational motion at the top of the building originated by natural disturbances such as earthquakes, wind, etc. The control system is designed according to H$_{2}$ and H$_{\infty}$ robust control theories. The performance of the building with H$_{\infty}$ controller is analyzed in the time and frequency domains and the vibration isolation and robustness properties of H$_{\infty}$ and H$_{2}$ control systems are examined and compared. The design procedure, structure and properties of H$_{\infty}$ controllers are analyzed.zed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.4A
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• pp.238-246
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• 2003

In this paper, we will provide a comprehensive review of radio propagation measurements conducted to date for mobile radio systems at frequency bands used for cellular and personal communications services in microcellular systems. Path-loss results were measured by using narrowband signal and multipath propagations were characterized by wideband measurements. This paper includes unpublished empirical path loss formulas for Oakland city of non-uniform building heights, and presents a comparison with path loss formulas obtained from typical low-rise building environments in order to discuss street grid dependence on route-specific building profile. We will also compare some empirical models developed based on the measurements with a few well-established theoretical prodiction models.