• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 F344계 흰쥐를 대상으로 8주간 저강도 운동군과 고강도 운동군으로 나누어 수영운동을 실시하여, 갈색지방조직 내 UCP-1과 UCP-3mRNA 발현을 관찰하고 혈당 및 인슐린 수준이 어떠한 변화를 나타내는지 알아보았다. 그 결과 저강도 수영을 실시한 그룹이 대조군과 고강도 운동그룹보다 갈색지방조직 내 UCP-1과 UCP-3 mRNA 발현이 증가되는 것을 관찰하였으며, 고강도 수영군에서 대조군 보다 인슐린 수준이 낮게 나타났으나 혈당에서는 유의한차가 나타나지 않았다. 하지만 저강도 수영군에서 대조군보다 혈당 및 인슐린 수준이 유의하게 감소하는 것을 관찰하였다. 이러한 결과는 저강도 수영운동이 갈색지방조직 내 UCP-1과 UCP-3mRNA 발현을 증가시키고, 당대사를 활성화하여 인슐린민감도를 개선시킬 수 있음을 보여주는 결과이다.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 1997년도 제18차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.90-90
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• 1997

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.865-871
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• 2001

The adipose tissue hormone leptin has been proposed to be involved in the regulation of flood intake and energy expenditure via thermogenesis by uncoupling protein(UCP) in brown adipose tissue(BAT). The objective of the study was to examine the effects of high fat diet on the serum leptin levels, BAT UCPl expression and the body fat mass in rats after weaning. During experimental period of 12 weeks, 4 male Sprague-Dawley rats were killed for the baseline experiment at 4 weeks of age while the remaining rats were fed the two different diets: the control diet AIN-76A(n = 20), high fat(beef tallow) diet(n = 20) ad libitum, which provided 11.7% or 40% of calories as fat, respectively. At 16 weeks of age, the increase in the food efficiency ratio(FER) was related to fat mass in rats on high fat diet. Serum leptin level was increased by age and dietary high fat. There was no difference in serum insulin level between groups until 10 weeks of age, but rats fed high fat diet for 12 weeks showed hyperinsulinemia. The amount of body fat pads was increased significantly in high fat group compared to normal diet group. Visceral fat mass affected acutely by high fat diet, as a result, it was higher in rats fed high fat diet for 2 weeks than normal diet. At 16 weeks of age, BAT and visceral fat mass were significantly high in high fat group. Also, the serum leptin levels reflected the amount of body fat mass. BAT UCPI mRNA expression increased with age and dietary high fat. This study demonstrates that dietary high fat increased serum leptin levels, BAT UCPI expression and body fat mass. Futhermore, in rats fed high fat diets, the increases in leptin and UCPI expression counteracts only in part the excess adiposity and obesity.

• BMB Reports
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2018

Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) 2a-knockout (KO) mice exhibit accelerated diet-induced obesity and are resistant to leptin-mediated adipostatic signaling from the hypothalamus to adipose tissue, with sustained food intake. However, the impact of Epac2a deficiency on hypothalamic regulation of sympathetic nervous activity (SNA) has not been elucidated. This study was performed to elucidate the response of Epac2a-KO mice to dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy and acute cold stress. Compared to age-matched wild-type mice, Epac2a-KO mice showed higher energy expenditures and expression of myogenin and uncoupling protein-1 in skeletal muscle (SM) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), respectively. Epac2a-KO mice exhibited greater endurance to dexamethasone and cold stress. In wild-type mice, exogenous leptin mimicked the responses observed in Epac2a-KO mice. This suggests that leptin-mediated hypothalamic signaling toward SNA appears to be intact in these mice. Hence, the potentiated responses of SM and BAT may be due to their high plasma leptin levels.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2003

As the obesity has been known to be related with the hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, cerebral apoplexy, fatty liver, and other chronic diseases, recent researches have focused on the functional food materials and their anti-obesity activities. This study was performed to study the effects of vanilloid family capsaicin, major pungent ingredient of hot chillies and peppers, on anti-obesity activities. ICR male mice were fed one of the pellet diet, basal diet, and high fat diet with capsaicin (45 $\mu\textrm{g}$/day) solution for 5 days. Mice in the corresponding control groups were given water for 5 days. In results, capsaicin reduced body weights in any diet groups. Percent weight and cell size of the abdominal white adipose tissue in mice on the high fat diet with capcaicin were significantly lower compared with those in mice on the high fat diet with water. However, percent brown adipose tissue weight per body weight in mice on the high fat diet was not affected by capsaicin. Capsaicin reduced the levels of s-triglyceride and s-total cholesterol in the pellet diet or high fat diet groups. There was no difference in the s-protein levels between the capsaicin group and the control water group. These data indicate that 1) orally administered capsaicin has a reducing effect on the blood triglyceride and total cholesterol levels, and 2) capsaicin has lowering effects on the body weight, percent weight and cell size of the abdominal white adipose tissue.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2017

Irisin is a novel hormone like polypeptide that is cleaved and secreted by an unknown protease from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), a membrane-spanning protein and which is highly expressed in skeletal muscle, heart, adipose tissue, and liver. Since its discovery in 2012, it has been the subject of many researches due to its potent physiological role. It is believed that understanding irisin's function may be the key to comprehend many diseases and their development. Irisin is a myokine that leads to increased energy expenditure by stimulating the 'browning' of white adipose tissue. In the first description of this hormone, increased levels of circulating irisin, which is cleaved from its precursor fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5, were associated with improved glucose homeostasis by reducing insulin resistance. Irisin is a powerful messenger, sending the signal to determine the function of specific cells, like skeletal muscle, liver, pancreas, heart, fat and the brain. The action of irisin on different targeted tissues or organs in human being has revealed its physiological functions for promoting health or executing the regulation of variety of metabolic diseases. Numerous studies focus on the association of irisin with metabolic diseases which has gained great interest as a potential new target to combat type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance. Irisin is found to improve insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes by increasing sensitization of the insulin receptor in skeletal muscle and heart by improving hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism, promoting pancreatic ${\beta}$ cell functions, and transforming white adipose tissue to brown adipose tissue. This review is a thoughtful attempt to summarize the current knowledge of irisin and its effective role in mediating metabolic dysfunctions in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.33-46
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• 2023

Objectives We investigated anti-obesity effects of Menthae Herba hydrosol in obese mice. Methods Animals were divided into four groups, and treatments were performed for 7 weeks. After the treatment, serum lipid profiles, weight and pathological morphology in liver, kidney, adipose tissue were measured. Also, hepatic protein and gene expression levels of lipid metabolism-related factors were analyzed. Results Body weight was decreased in P3% group. In P1% (group fed high-fat diet and 1% Menthae Herba hydrosol) and P3% (group fed high-fat diet and 3% Menthae Herba hydrosol) group, weight of white adipose tissue, serum levels of triglyceride and blood urea nitrogen were decreased, and weight of muscle was increased. Also, liver, kidney and epididymal adipocyte size were reduced in P1% and P3% group. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase was increased and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) was decreased in P3% group. mPeroxisome proliferator-activator receptor-γ, mMonocyte chemotactic protein-1 were decreased in P1% and P3% group. In P3% group, mSREBP-1c was decreased and mCarnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 was increased. And mUncoupling protein 1 in brown adipose tissue was increased. Conclusions These results suggest that Menthae Herba hydrosol has a worthy effect on anti-obesity.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2021

갈색지방세포(Brown fat 또는 Brown Adipose Tissue, BAT)는 포도당 대사(glucose metabolism)와 비오한성 열생성(non-shivering thermogenesis)을 통하여 열을 발산하여 추위로부터 생명체를 보호한다. BAT의 활성화는 연령, 성별, 체질량지수(BMI) 등의 환자 내적 요인과 기온, 환경 등의 환자외적 요인에 의해 확률적으로 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 후향적, 의무기록 관찰 연구를 진행하여 여러 인자들을 추출하고 통계 분석을 실시하여 BAT 활성화와 여러 인자 간에 관련성을 확인하고자 한다. 2018년 1월부터 2019년 12월까지 2년간 국립암센터에서 PET/CT 검사를 시행한 환자의 의무기록을 수집하여 총 9155명의 환자를 추출하고 중복 검사를 포함한 13442건의 환자데이터를 대상으로 하였다. 환자데이터의 의무기록에서는 BAT 발생여부, 성별, 검사당시 나이, 영상촬영날짜, 검사장소, 주사시간, 키, 체중, 혈당, 진단명이 나오도록 조건을 설정하였다. BAT 활성화가 PET/CT 촬영 시 환경(기온, 검사장소)과 환자의 상태(혈당, BMI, 암의 종류, 성별, 나이)에 따라 영향을 받는지 확인하기 위하여 단변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실행한 후, P<0.1인 변수를 선택하여 BAT 활성화에 영향을 주는 다변량 회귀분석 모형을 최종적으로 분석하였다. BAT 활성화는 전체 13442건 중 93건(0.7%)이 발생되었다. 단변수 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과에서 유의한 결과는, 50세 이상인 환자보다 50세 미만인 환자에게서(P<0.001), 여성이 남성에 비해서(P<0.001), 외부기온 14.5도 미만에서(P<0.001), 정상 BMI보다 낮은 BMI에서(P<0.001), 혈당이 100mg/dl 미만에서(P<0.001), 오후 12시 30분 이전에 주사를 맞은 환자에게서(P<0.001) BAT 활성화가 증가하였다. 반면, 정상보다 높은 BMI에서(P<0.001), 폐암진단을 받은 환자에게서(P<0.05) 감소하였다. 다변수 결과에서는, 50세 미만인 환자에게서(P<0.001), 여성에게서(P<0.001), 외부기온 14.5도 미만에서(P<0.001) BAT 활성화가 유의하게 증가하였고, 정상보다 높은 BMI에서(P<0.05) 유의하게 감소하였다. 국립암센터에서 2년간 PET/CT 시행한 환자를 대상으로 BAT 활성화에 영향을 미치는 인자에 대한 후행 연구를 진행하였다. 그 결과, 외부기온 14.5도 미만의 날씨에 PET/CT 검사를 시행했던 50대 미만의 정상 체중 여성에게서 BAT가 유의하게 활성화가 되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이 결과를 토대로 해당 인자에 적용된 환자를 사전에 식별할 수 있으며, 앞으로 여러 연구를 통하여 BAT의 활성화를 줄이는 것에 도움이 될 수 있다고 사료된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권11호
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• pp.539-543
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• 2013

There is a correlation between obesity and the amount of brown adipose tissue; however, the molecular mechanism of brown adipogenic differentiation has not been as extensively studied. In this study, we performed a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) profiling analysis during the brown adipogenic differentiation of mouse primary brown preadipocytes. Several PTPs, including PTPRF, PTPRZ, and DUSP12 showing differential expression patterns were identified. In the case of DUSP12, the expression level is dramatically downregulated during brown adipogenesis. The ectopic expression of DUSP12 using a retroviral expression system induces the suppression of adipogenic differentiation, whereas a catalytic inactive DUSP12 mutant showed no effect on differentiation. These results suggest that DUSP12 is involved in brown adipogenic differentiation and may be used as a target protein for the treatment or prevention of obesity by the regulation of brown adipogenic differentiation.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

A rainbow trout uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) cDNA clone, encoding a 310 amino acid protein, was cloned and sequenced from a liver cDNA library. Two different splice variants designated UCP3-vl and UCP3-v2, were identified through liver cDNA library screening using rainbow trout UCP3 cDNA clone as a probe. UCP3-vl has 3 insertions in the UCP3 cDNA: the first insertion (133 bp), the second (141 bp), and the third (370 bp) were located 126 bp, 334 bp and 532 bp downstream from the start codon, respectively. UCP3-v2 contained a single insertion, identical in sequence and location to the second insertion of UCP3-vl. UCP3, a mitochondrial protein, functions to modulate the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation. UCP3 has been detected from heart, testis, spinal cord, eye, retina, colon, muscle, brown adipose tissue and white adipose tissue in mammalian animals. Human and rodent UCP3s are highly expressed in skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue, while they show weak expression of UCP3 in heart and white adipose tissue. In contrast to mammalian studies, RT-PCR and Southern blot analysis of the rainbow trout demonstrated that UCP3 is strongly expressed in liver and heart. UCP3, UCP3-vl, and UCP3-v2 all contain an Ava III short interspersed element (SINE), located in the 3'untraslated region (UTR). PCR using primers from the Ava III SINE and the UCP3 3'UTR region indicates that the UCP3 cDNA is structurally conserved among salmonids and that these primers may be useful for salmonid species genotyping.