• Composites Research
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.30-34
• /
• 2021

This paper present a three-dimensional unit cell finite element analysis to predict the pull-out behavior of a single stitch in a composite laminate. The stitching process used for this study correspond to the I-fiber stitching method that has been studied by the Composite Structures Lab (CSL) as a new through-thickness reinforced method. A total of six cases were analyzed, which were divided in two groups by the stitching yarn used, 6k and 12k. Each group of cases have three different thickness according to the amount of plies; 16 plies, 32 plies and 64 plies. The finite element analysis used the cohesive zone method to characterize the single stitch reinforcement in the interface. Due to the complexity of the load vs displacement curves taken from the experimental results, a bilinear and trilinear bridging laws were implemented in the models. The cohesive parameters used for each case showed a good agreement with the experimental data and can be used for future studies.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.214-219
• /
• 1991

To study the effect of solvents and counterions in Z-DNA crystal of d(5BrC-G-5BrC-G-5BrC-G), we performed the local energy analysis and then molecular dynamics simulations. Since counterions raise serious caging problems in crystal simulations, it is very important to search for the possible positions before simulations. For this purpose, the local energy analysis was done for the whole crystal volume. It is shown from our simulation that counterions along with water molecules play a bridging role to bind adjacent oligomers so as to form the crystal. In this crystal, each water molecule bound to Gua-N2H, either directly or indirectly, hydrates the adjacent anionic phosphate oxygen, and thus assists Gua to be in a syn position. From the simulation, the average root-mean-square deviation of allthe DNA heavy atom coordinates from the X-ray data is $0.99{\AA}$ . The bases are less deviated from the X-ray positions than the phosphates. The temperature factors from the simulation are consistent with those from the X-ray refinement, showing that the phosphates are more mobile than the bases.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2023

Forty Viscosity data of glass bottles fabricated in a glass bottle manufacturing plant for 4 years were calculated using Lakatos model. The relationship between the glass bottle compositions and viscosities at log η of 3, 6.6, 10 and 12.3 Pa·s was analyzed. MgO that was a component of the glass bottle showed the maximum coefficient of variation of 0.89, but it gave a very small change in the viscosity. CaO that was another component of the glass bottle lowered the isokom temperature because it tended to reduce the number of non-bridging oxygen at temperature below a softening point.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.1-25
• /
• 2023

Taq-i Bustan rock reliefs are relatively well preserved among Sassanid relics. They are considered concrete and empirically important materials for studying Sassanian culture. In these rock reliefs, inauguration of various kings and hunting scenes are depicted. Thus, kings' attire and life of the court could be discerned according to eras. The purpose of this study was to investigate Sassanian clothing styles of various social positions by analyzing their clothing depicted in rock reliefs and to improve comprehension of the culture of the Sassanian Dynasty. Methodically, literature studies and artifacts were analyzed in parallel. Data of these two insources were consolidated for comparison. Results of this study are as follows. Since the Sassanian Dynasty succeeded the Parthian Dynasty, the Parthian style of clothing pieces such as tunic and trousers appeared in their attire. Basic types of tunics and trousers did not vary according to social status or age. However, details showed differences in those aspects. In the early Sassanian Dynasty, the dressing style of Rome was adopted. Styles of tunic and trousers featured draperies with many wrinkles and shoes were worn instead of boots. Trousers were tied with laces at ankles and laces were decorated with round clasps, imitating the style used by Kushan kings to the east of Sasanians. External cultural elements were also present in costumes of the Sassanian Dynasty, which played a bridging role for cultural exchanges between Eastern and Western civilizations at the gateway of the Silk Road.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2022

School closures in rural areas is especially relevant because low fertility rate and population aging are common not only in rural but also in urban areas. This paper examined a variety of users' perceptions on welfare facilities using closed rural schools. For this study, the descriptive survey research design was conducted at the EZER located in Kyungsnangbuk-do. The sample size of 200 was selected through convenience sampling and data collection was completed by a self-completion written questionnaires. Main findings are as follows: 1) the level of users' relative satisfaction with welfare facilities using closed rural schools was generally positive, main factor associated with relative satisfaction was facilities and surrounding environment at closed rural schools, 2) socioeconomic usefulness of closed rural schools was also was generally positive, main factors for revitalization were adequate facilities and places, accessible and convenient places, 3) future necessity and willingness for welfare facilities using closed rural schools were overwhelmingly positive, children or youth were revealed as a priority service target. Finally, theses analyses show that a high proportion in the rural welfare sector, especially seemed to have a positive impact on bridging negative gabs between urban and rural in the socioeconomic development and social welfare.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This research aims at determining institutional commitment impact and how it influences job satisfaction. It aims at bridging the gap in research on the study topic. Its major focus is on work content and institutional commitment as the main variables and how they impact companies and employees. Research design, data and methodology: The current research has chosen the literature content approach and it is a reporting guideline for methodical assessments. It offers a consistent approach for conducting and reporting these types of studies, which can help to improve the quality and transparency. Results: The finding of the current research has showed that workers in social companies need jobs with higher values and responsibilities, company policy, among other factors. Workers' organization commitment towards social enterprise for improving workers' job satisfaction factors will include affective commitment, continuous commitment, normative commitment, and the commitment profile of the organization. Conclusions: This research finally insists that the findings of the current research would aid in enhancing employee knowledge and understanding of work satisfaction, as well as the essence of institutional commitment. Most employees lack adequate knowledge of the implications of job satisfaction not forgetting their personal needs as indicated in the individual need model.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.363-382
• /
• 2023

This study aims to discern the determinants influencing the perception of workability among the elderly population and delineate an appropriate retirement age within the labor market context. Employing binary logistic regression, this research utilizes data from the Korea Welfare Panel Study (2008, 2012, 2016, and 2020) provided by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Welfare. The findings indicate that key factors shaping the elderly's perception of workability encompass familial responsibilities (household and marital status) and their levels of physical and mental well-being. Econometric analysis suggests an anticipated retirement age for the elderly population ranging between 67 and 69 years. In addressing labor market demands and informing policymakers, the study proposes deliberations on extending the retirement age for individuals aged 60 to 65. This range serves as a compromise between the identified retirement age of 67 to 69 and the current average retirement age for elderly labor market participants. Bridging the disparity between the perceived workability age and the prevailing labor market baseline is crucial for achieving social consensus. Therefore, any extension of the retirement age should carefully consider both the demand and supply perspectives within the labor market. The study's contribution lies in two main aspects: firstly, presenting a retirement age framework for the labor market that integrates the workability of the elderly population, and secondly, providing evidence-based research outcomes to guide informed labor policies.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.459-472
• /
• 2024

Hyperpolarized (HP) carbon-13 (¹³C) MRI represents an innovative approach for noninvasive, real-time assessment of dynamic metabolic flux, with potential integration into routine clinical MRI. The use of [1-¹³C]pyruvate as a probe and its conversion to [1-¹³C]lactate constitute an extensively explored metabolic pathway. This review comprehensively outlines the establishment of HP ¹³C-MRI, covering multidisciplinary team collaboration, hardware prerequisites, probe preparation, hyperpolarization techniques, imaging acquisition, and data analysis. This article discusses the clinical applications of HP ¹³C-MRI across various anatomical domains, including the brain, heart, skeletal muscle, breast, liver, kidney, pancreas, and prostate. Each section highlights the specific applications and findings pertinent to these regions, emphasizing the potential versatility of HP ¹³C-MRI in diverse clinical contexts. This review serves as a comprehensive update, bridging technical aspects with clinical applications and offering insights into the ongoing advancements in HP ¹³C-MRI.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.22 no.8
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2024

Purpose: This study investigates the psychological mechanisms of comparison within the design context of retail stores, products, and advertising. The research aims to expand the understanding of comparison psychology, encompassing social, cognitive, perceptual, and self-comparisons and their application in design practices. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: The study employs a comprehensive review of psychological theories related to comparison psychology. They were selected through extensive research on literature pertaining to design psychology and consumer behavior. The research integrates insights from psychology, marketing, consumer behavior, and design theory, supported by various design examples of retail stores, products, and advertising, to demonstrate the practical applications. Results: The findings reveal that comparison psychology significantly impacts consumer preferences and user experiences. For instance, the assimilation effect and prospect theory highlight how comparisons shape value judgments and design perceptions. Practical examples are used to illustrate the profound influence of comparative judgments in design. Conclusion: The study advocates for a "psychologically-informed approach" to design, promoting designs that are not only aesthetically pleasing and functionally sound but also psychologically aligned. By bridging the gap between psychological theories and practical design implementations, the research provides valuable insights for designers, marketers, and psychologists, enhancing the psychological efficacy of design.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.452-459
• /
• 1990

A series of oxo-and sulfido-bridged molybdenum (V) complexes, Mo$_2$O$_4$L$_2$, Mo$_2$O$_3$L$_4$, Mo$_2$O$_2$S$_2$L$_2$, and Mo$_2$OS$_3$L$_2$ [L = bis(hydroxyethyl)dithiocarbamate] have been prepared. The complexes with bridging and terminal oxo groups have been synthesized by the reactions of (PyH)$_2$MoOCl$_5$ or MoCl$_5$ and ligand in water. One of the rest two complexes, in which bridging and terminal oxo groups have been replaced by sulfido in Mo$_2$O$_4^{2+}$ core, Mo$_2$O$_2$S$_2$L$_2$ have been prepared by addition of triphenylphosphine to a chloroform solution of Mo$_2$OS$_3$L$_2$. While, Mo$_2$OS$_3$L$_2$ is obtained from aqueous solution of (NH$_4$)$_2$MoS$_4$ and ligand in the presence of sodium dithionite. The complexes are identified by elemental analysis, and spectral data of IR, UV-vis, nmr, and mass. Also, the electrochemical behaviour for the complexes in dimethylsulfoxide has been investigated by the cyclic voltammograms.