• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1257-1261
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• 2006

Pleiomorphic adenoma gene-like1 (PLAGL1) encodes a zinc-finger (ZF) protein with seven ZFs of the C2H2-type which is a regulator of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and also regulates the secretion of insulin. In both human and mouse, PLAGL1 is a candidate gene for tumor suppressor and transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM). In this study, a 2,238 bp fragment covering the complete coding region was obtained and deposited to GenBank (accession number: DQ288899). The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) indicated that PLAGL1 was expressed almost equally in heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, small intestine, skeletal muscle, fat, uterus and ovary. Comparing the sequences of Large White and Meishan pigs, a C-T transition in exon 6 was found. The polymorphism could be detected by TaqI and was genotyped in five purebreds (Large White, Landrace, Meishan, Tongcheng and Bamei). Association analysis was performed between the polymorphism and carcass traits in 276 pigs of a "Large White${\times}$Meishan" F2 resource population. As a consequence, significant associations of the genotypes with shoulder backfat thickness (SFT) and internal fat rate (IFR) were observed. Pigs with TT genotype had low SFT and high IFR compared with TC or CC genotypes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1524-1528
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• 2006

A total of 437 animals, comprising lambs aged between 3 and 12 months and adults of either sex of Muzaffarnagari sheep maintained at the Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India were screened to assess the prevalence of Haemonchus contortus infection following natural infection and to identify the various factors affecting faecal egg count (FEC) and packed cell volume (PCV) of ewes and their genetic control. The relationships between FEC, PCV and body weight were also estimated. The prevalence rate for H. contortus infection in the flock under study was 15.7% indicating much lower occurrence of worm infection in lambs up to one year of age. On the other hand, a large proportion i.e., 67.7% of sheep was refractive to natural H. contortus infection. The random effect of sire significantly contributed (p<0.01) variation in log-transformed FEC (LFEC) of ewes. The season of birth had a significant (p<0.01) effect on LFEC of ewes. The lactating ewes had significantly (p<0.01) higher faecal egg counts compared to dry and pregnant ewes. The linear regression effects of the age of ewes on LFEC of animals were significant (p<0.01) in the present study. The heritabilities of LFEC, PCV and body weights of ewes during the course of infection were moderate to high in magnitude and ranged from 0.24 to 0.47. The LFEC of ewes was significantly (p<0.05) and negatively correlated with PCV at both genetic and phenotypic level. The genetic and phenotypic relationships between LFEC and body weights of ewes were -0.26 and -0.06 for this breed. The genetic correlation of PCV and body weight of ewes was positive and high (0.58) and statistically significant (p<0.05) but it was negatively correlated (-0.01) with body weight at the phenotypic level.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.1390-1393
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• 2006

Data spread over 11 years (1986-1996) pertaining to a synthetic population developed by inter se mating of half-breds of Corriedale and Russian Merino with Nali maintained at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar were utilized for the estimation of genetic parameters for growth traits. The means for birth weight (BWT), weaning weight (WWT), six month body weight (SWT), yearling weight (YWT), preweaning daily gain (PRW) and post weaning daily gain (POW) were 3.35 kg, 10.79 kg, 13.28 kg, 18.96 kg, 82.6 gm and 27.6 gm, respectively. The effects of year and season of birth and sex of lamb were significant for all the traits under study except the effect of season of birth for WWT, SWT and PRW. No definite trend was observed over the years for the averages of body weight and gain. Lambs born during the spring season performed better for BWT, WWT and PRW while the performance of lambs born during autumn was better for the other traits included in the study. The male lambs were heavier than the females for body weight at all stages and gain in weight. The heritability estimates for WWT and PRW were low; for BWT and SWT were moderate and for YWT and POW were high. Birth weight had high heritability and high genetic correlations with subsequent body weights and gains but due to the presence of a maternal effect on BWT and WWT, a sequential selection procedure is recommended for the improvement of growth rate in sheep.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.80-101
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• 1999

Self-sufficiency ratio of food crops in Korea is estimated under $20{\%}$ in 2010 because total food consumption including feed will be increased. but food grain production will be decreased. It is necessary to maintain the optimum level of food self-sufficiency rate to secure national food demand/supply balance and non-trade and multiple function of agriculture in Korea. It will be possible to produce more food grains having the acceptable quality if the appropriate policy and cropping techniques are developed and practised in future. Breeding for high yielding varieties should be the first target to raise the production potential of food crops . Number of varieties developed during last 30 years is counted as 353 in food crops. New varieties developed in 1990s showed the higher yield potential and the improved agronomic characteristics compared with 1970s and 1980s varieties. But number of varieties planted on the farmer's field over $5{\%}$ of national planting area is less than one third of total varieties developed Breeding efforts to maintain planting area of main food crops should be focussed on consumer's demand and farmer's need. They are the best quality variety in each field of crop utilization, the newly designed variety adapting to changes of natural, rural and cropping environment, and the higher yielding variety. It is also needed to develop new quality crop varieties for inducing more consumption of crop grain produced in Korea for direct food or processing. Development of barley varieties for animal feed. high income soybean varieties, high quality wheat variety. and super yielding rice and barley varieties are also needed to keep or maximize national food production potential. In order to establish the appropriate cropping technique for domestic food security, the strong and continuous interest and financial support on crop breeding are required, and the inter-disciplinary and inter-institutionary researches should be strengthened for successful crop breeding.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1379-1382
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• 2005

High prolificacy in Garole sheep is due to existence of FecB mutation in an autosomal gene, bone morphogenetic protein receptor. The mutation enhances ovulation rate and in turn litter size in Garole sheep. Garole sires were crossed with non-prolific Malpura ewes with the aim to introduce prolificacy into Garole${\times}$Malpura (G${\times}$M) crosses through FecB introgression programme. In the present study, the effect of carrying booroola allele on litter size and live body weight was analyzed. The average litter size at birth was found to be 1.87 and 1.48 in the Garole and the G${\times}$M crosses, respectively. At weaning, 6-month, 9-month and 12-month of age, body weights were not affected by the presence of booroola allele (p>0.05); however, a significant effect (p<0.05) was found on body weight at birth in G${\times}$M crosses. In Garole sheep, no significant effect of FecB was observed on live weights in any age group. The interaction between the genetic group and the FecB genotype was also found to be non-significant.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.147-157
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• 2019

Our study was conducted to examine differences in incubation behavior among breeding sites and the relationship between factor affecting environmental change and incubation behavior of the Black-faced Spoonbill (Platalea minor). We set up the remote sensor cameras at three breeding sites (Mae-do, Namdongji, Guji-do) to observe incubation behavior in Gyeonggi Bay, South Korea from 2015 to 2018. We analyzed effects of breeding year, day of incubation started, day of incubation, the time of incubation exchanges and sex on incubation bout length. Mean incubation bout length of females (Mae-do: $7.19{\pm}0.23$ hours, Namdongji: $6.08{\pm}0.23$ hours, Guji-do: $7.96{\pm}0.30$ hours) was longer than males (Mae-do: $6.14{\pm}0.21$ hours, Namdongji: $5.45{\pm}0.28$ hours, Guji-do: $7.38{\pm}0.29$ hours). Mean incubation bout length was longer in Guji-do than other study sites. Incubation bout length tended to increase with the clutch initiation date. Males incubated their eggs at day time while female did at night time, these tendencies were observed more clearly in Guji-do. The proportion of time spent incubating of females was higher than males. Males' proportion increased as incubation progressed and increased rate in Guji-do was higher than other study sites. Our results showed that incubation rhythm of the Black-faced Spoonbill differed among breeding sites and varied with the environmental cycle.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.24-30
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• 1987

To investigate suitable breeding system for the improvement of economic characters of the sexlimited dark egg colour strains, the four kinds of breeding methods which are represented as sibmating, repeated backcrossing, multi-backcrossing every other generation, and repeated hybridization were detected from the P to the F6. 1. Pupation ratio was varied between the four kinds of breeding methods and decreased gradually in order of repeated hybridization, mult-backcrossing every other generation and sib-matinv, and repeated backcrossing. 2. Repeated backcrossing, multi-backcrossing every other generation, and repeated hybridization with the exception of sib-mating were consiered as available breeding methods to improve single cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell ratio of the sex-limited dark egg colour strains. 3. As for the responses of the economic characters form the P to the F6, pupation ratio was fluctuant and unstable, on the other hand single cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell ratio increased remarkably in the F2, but in the subsequant generatios the increasing rate of each characters were fluctuant irregularly. 4. After the original sex-limited dark egg colour strains were bred under the corresponding breeding methods, from the P to the F6 the economic characters were approached to the level of normal breeding silkworm lines'. 5. It came to the consideration that the autosomal fragment which was translocated on the W chromosome had no physiologically significant effect on the expression of the economic characters because the Expression index (E) of the sex-limited dark egg colour strains was similar to that of normal silkworm lines. 6. From the results, it comes to the conclusion that the useful breeding methods to improve the economic characters of the sex-limited dark egg colour strains will be a line separation including fixation of the characters.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.275-282
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• 2009

In this study, effect of mating group, mating dam and mating sire was analyzed using olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus challenged with Edwardsiella tarda. A challenge test was conducted using 1,708 olive flounder fingerlings obtained through $4{\times}4$ factorial cross from parents selected based on resistant degree. Regarding the means of resistant index, survival rate and days of survival by each mating group, the group(RR) produced by mating among resistant parents were 17.98, 13.77%, and 18.36 days, respectively; the group(SS) produced by mating among susceptible parents were 12.46, 2.71%, and 12.40 days, respectively. This study gives an indication that challenge test results may be successfully used as selection criteria for disease resistance to E. tarda in olive flounder, P. olivaceus.

• ALGAE
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2023

Light quality is a common environmental factor which influences the metabolism of biochemical substances in algae and leads to the response of algal growth and development. Pyropia yezoensis is a kind of economic macroalgae that naturally grows in the intertidal zone where the light environment changes dramatically. In the present study, P. yezoensis thalli were treated under white light (control) and monochromatic lights with primary colors (blue, green, and red) for 14 days to explore their physiological response to light quality. During the first 3 days of treatment, P. yezoensis grew faster under blue light than other light qualities. In the next 11 days, it showed better adaptation to green light, with higher growth rate and photosynthetic capacity (reflected by a higher rETR_max = 61.58 and E_k = 237.78). A higher non-photochemical quenching was observed in the treatment of red light than others for 14 days. Furthermore, the response of P. yezoensis to light quality also results in the difference of photosynthetic pigment contents. The monochromatic light could reduce the synthesis of all pigments, but the reduction degree was different, which may relate to the spectral absorption characteristics of pigments. It was speculated that P. yezoensis adapted to a specific or changing light environments by regulating the synthesis of pigments to achieve the best use of light energy in photosynthesis and premium growth and metabolism.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2005

This study was conducted to compare cold tolerances and growth rates of 5 basic species, commercial lines, and breeding lines of zoysiagrass. Total 41 zoysiagrasses were tested at the northern part (Jeokseong-myeon) and the middle part (Cheonan) of South Korea. Cold tolerance (survival rate during winter), growth rate, green-up speed, and density data were collected visually. Four types of zoysiagrasses (Z. matrella, Z. tenuifolia, USm, and S4M2) with genetic characteristics of Z. matrella died during winter cold, while the others survived. Midium leaf type zoysiagrasses, such as Anyang1, Samdeock1, Anyang2, SJ21, and Pyeongdong, with genetic characteristics of both Z. sinica and Z. macrostachya showed vigorous growth rate one year after planting at the northern part (Jeokseong-myeon). Twenty nine ($70.7\%$) zoysiagrasses showed vigorous growth rate, but the other twelve ($29.3\%$) zoysiagrasses died by cold and drought condition at the middle (Cheonan) part of S. Korea. Anyang2, AJ9-7, Samdeock1, Samdeock2, Samdeock3, and Zenith-C showed vigorous growth rate even though cold and drought environmental condition were artificially provided at these region. But, SJ2-19, NSm, 88Mey, 88Mey-7S, 88Mey-9S, SJ2l-10, ASm, and DBm which did not die at the northern part, showed serious injury at the middle part of S. korea. From this results, we can conclude that drought is as important factor as low temperature for zoysiagrasses during winter.