• 영어영문학
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.617-628
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• 2018

The aim of this essay is to discuss the relationship between Korean literature and Korean intellectual scenes. Since its first introduction to the local context, literature as a genre has served as a field in which colonial and post-colonial intellectuals have attempted to win the accreditation of Western enlightenment. Literature has been regarded as a crucial instrument of liberal arts and education in Korea. Literature has functioned as a social movement in Korea since its inception. During the colonial period, radical intellectuals and literary writers published essays and articles in literary journals. This status as a social movement is still a distinctive characteristic of Korean literature. From the outset, Korean literature has functioned as an enlightenment project for cultural development. As such, Korean literature retains a political meaning of "literariness," which reshuffles the hierarchy of the sensible and creates novelty against given aesthetic regimes. As a result, in the process these regimes are thereby de-purified of their status as purely aesthetic movements; their perspectives thereby come into contact with other discourses and practices outside the art world. This essay argues that as a genre, Korean literature always functions as "world literature" in Korean intellectual scenes.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.287-299
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• 2008

People have expected a humanoid robot to move as naturally as a human being does. The natural movements of humanoid robot may provide people with safer physical services and communicate with persons through motions more correctly. This work presented a methodology to generate the natural motions for a humanoid robot, which are converted from human motion capture data. The methodology produces not only kinematically mapped motions but dynamically mapped ones. The kinematical mapping reflects the human-likeness in the converted motions, while the dynamical mapping could ensure the movement stability of whole body motions of a humanoid robot. The methodology consists of three processes: (a) Human modeling, (b) Kinematic mapping and (c) Dynamic mapping. The human modeling based on optimization gives the ZMP (Zero Moment Point) and COM (Center of Mass) time trajectories of an actor. Those trajectories are modified for a humanoid robot through the kinematic mapping. In addition to modifying the ZMP and COM trajectories, the lower body (pelvis and legs) motion of the actor is then scaled kinematically and converted to the motion available to the humanoid robot considering dynamical aspects. The KIST humanoid robot, Mahru, imitated a dancing motion to evaluate the methodology, showing the good agreement in the motion.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.406-416
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• 2015

Timing plays a key role in expressing the qualitative aspects of a character's motion; that is, conveying emotional state, personality, and character role, all potentially without changing spatial positions. Temporal editing of locomotion style is particularly difficult for a novice animator since observers are not well attuned to the sense of weight and energy displayed through motion timing; and the interface for adjusting timing is far less intuitive to use than that for adjusting pose. In this paper, we propose an editing system that effectively captures the timing variations in an example locomotion set and utilizes them for style transfer from one motion to another via both global and upper-body timing transfers. The global timing transfer focuses on matching the input motion to the body speed of the selected example motion, while the upper-body timing transfer propagates the sense of movement flow - succession - through the torso and arms. Our transfer process is based on key times detected from the example set and transferring the relative changes of angle rotation in the upper body joints from a timing source to an input target motion. We demonstrate that our approach is practical in an interactive application such that a set of short locomotion cycles can be applied to generate a longer sequence with continuously varied timings.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1499-1512
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• 2000

The dynamic explicit finite element method and the static implicit finite element method are applied effectively to analyze total auto-body panel stamping processes, which include the forming stage , the trimming stage and the spring-back stage.\The explicit time integration method has better merits in the forming stage including highly complicated three-dimensional contact conditions. On the contrary, the implicit time integration method is better for analyzing spring-back since the complicated contact conditions are removed and the computing time to get the final static state is short. In this work, brief descriptions of the formulation and the factor study are presented. Further, the simulated results for the total auto-body panel stamping processes are shown and discussed. The formability and the weld line movement in stamping with Tailor Welded Blanks were investigated through QTR-OTR-FRT.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2003

Occupant simulation models have been used to study trends or specific design changes in several typical crash situations. The ATB, Articulated Total Body, was developed and used to predict gross human body responses to vehicle crashes and pilot ejections. Since the ATB source code is open to public, the user can add their own defined modules and functions. The introduction of seat belts into cars significantly decreased the injury risk of passengers in frontal impacts. In this paper, a new seat belt model was developed and implemented into the ATB. For this purpose, a subroutine of the new seat belt was constructed. A force-deflection function was added to replace an existing function to consider energy absorption. The function includes hysteresis effects of the experiment data of the loading and unloading parts of the seat belt load-extension curve. Moreover, this belt model considers a slip between ellipsoid and belt segments. This paper attempted to validate the ATB program which includes the subroutine of new belt models comparing with the real car frontal crash experiments and MADYMO frontal models. The analysis focusses on the human movement and body accelerations.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.102-110
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• 2008

In choreography, the relationship between body and space is fundamental. Not only in the performing arts, it is an essential part in space design as well. In this sense, the comparison study between performing arts and space design will have various helpful aspects from which a creative design can be derived. This thesis aims to study spatial characteristics and expression methods in the choreography of performing arts that is dance in this case. The general background study of the relationship between body movement and space design in the modem art and architecture was explained in advance. And then its application in choreography was studied. Two case choreographers were selected: Merce Cunningham and Frederic Flamand. They have unique ways of designing and choreographing the relationship between body movements and stage spaces. This thesis attempts to find the differences as well as common characteristics between the two choreographers in terms of how they relate bodily movements and emotions into the given space.

• 복식
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• 제42권
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• pp.69-90
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• 1999

Mannerism style evolved from the Renaissance style adopting the concept of grace as the ideal beauty, Having its ground on Neoplatonism the main goal of mannerism art was the realization of the invisible beauty over reality. Mannerism style in dress flourished in the sixteenth century court society, when courtly manners and courtly grace became the most important qualities in social relationship. Courtiers thought that courtly grace the ideal of beauty could be realized in the cultured and studied elegance. Mannerism style in dress evolved from the process of transforming and manipulating the Renaissance look for the abstract of beauty. The clothes of Mannerism style were against the natural movement of the human body. There was a tendency of refining and polishing the whole clothing and various technical skills were experim-ented on the mannerism style. The outstanding elements of this tendency can be found in the details like ruffs fathingale padding slashing puffing and etc. Mannerism intended to reconstruct the human body artificially to express courtly grace and novelty. During that process the new pose 'figura serpentinata' which is bizarre convoluted pose with full of flexibility was created. The expression of human body became more slender with elongated legs a torso with a long neck and a tiny head. This tendency of distorting the natural body forms were reflected in the formal characteristics of Mannerism dress style which is geometrical abstr-action unnatural elongation complex disposition and control with perfect ease.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.308-314
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• 2009

In creating an avatar, consumers can find out for themselves their own sizes to be entered. Also, putting in a face creation main-page menu option enables clients to make up their faces and match them to their bodies. Through this process when purchasing clothes through the internet consumers can enter their own body sizes and create avatars that are identical to their body shape. The uniqueness of developed prototype is that it creates an avatar similar to one's body shape according to body size inputs and demonstrates visually to customers the on-line comfort test which was only available off-line traditionally. The avatar follows the movement of mouse from left to right which enables 3 dimensional visualization. Through maximizing the visual effect this research focuses on enabling consumers to feel subjective parts as if they are off-line. This study seeks to provide a type of prototype of an online shopping mall that meets the demand of the consumers using the 3D avatar.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.307-325
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• 2007

Examining the standards of review adopted by the dispute settlement body of the WTO in its decision on safeguard measures, the Appellate Body offers no coherent guidance or theory as to the legitimation of the safeguard measures adopted by the domestic authorities. It faults the lack of reasoned and adequate explanation in the national authorities' decision to impose safeguard measures, yet its own explanation of the permissible role for safeguard measure could hardly be less instructive. The Appellate Body has consistently emphasized fidelity to text in its decision but that approach can not work properly when the text is fundamentally deficient from the viewpoints that neither Article XIX nor the safeguard Agreement establish a coherent foundation for safeguard measures due to their vague and abstract provision. Without any coherent theory on guidance as to the legitimation of the safeguard measures, it would be absurd to expect WTO members to produce a reasoned and adequate explanation as to how their safeguard measures are in compliance with the WTO roles. In the absence of a thorough renegotiation for the proper operation of the WTO safeguard system, which seems quite unlikely for the foreseeable future, perhaps the unique method out of the current predicament is for the Appellate Body to lead a movement in establishing a sensible common law of safeguards, drawing on extra-textual guidance including the standards of review about their proper role in the WTO safeguard mechanism.

• 복식
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• 제56권9호
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• pp.112-126
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• 2006

In this study, to study the aesthetic properties of the Italy fashion, the internal fashion contents are defined according to the cultural characteristics of Italy and based on the definition, the external features are investigated. The cultural characteristic was analyzed based on the reference literatures on the Italy culture. The aesthetical properties of the contemporary Italy fashion can be analyzed as follows: ${\cdot}$ Functionalism is a feature showing the Italian cultural environment where the genuine humanism is retained. It enables the practical designs by applying details and materials that wouldn't put a limit to the movement of the human body. ${\cdot}$ Naturalism focuses on the natural beauty of the human body without any artificial forms or exaggerated ornaments. Natural texture or materials are used to express the human body itself, or to emphasize the natural aesthetic effects flowing with the human body. ${\cdot}$ Localism is the expression of folk spirit affected by the natural environment. It expresses local atmosphere by unique craftsmanship in material, pattern, color and details. Based on this result, the aesthetic properties of the contemporary France fashion, examined through ${\Iceil}$A Cultural Approach to the Aesthetic Characteristic of the 20th Century French Fashion${\rfloor}$ and those of the contemporary Italy fashion are compared.