• 제목/요약/키워드: Bmp4

검색결과 316건 처리시간 0.031초

Isopsoralen Induces Differentiation of Prechondrogenic ATDC5 Cells via Activation of MAP Kinases and BMP-2 Signaling Pathways

  • Li, Liang;Eun, Jae-Soon;Nepal, Manoj;Ryu, Jae-Ha;Cho, Hyoung-Kwon;Choi, Bo-Yun;Soh, Yun-Jo
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.299-305
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    • 2012
  • Endochondral bone formation is the process by which mesenchymal cells condense to become chondrocytes, which ultimately form new bone. The process of chondrogenic differentiation and hypertrophy is critical for bone formation and as such is regulated by many factors. In this study, we aimed to indentify novel factors that regulate chondrogenesis. We investigated the possible role of isopsoralen in induction of chondrogenic differentiation in clonal mouse chondrogenic ATDC5 cells. Isopsoralen treatment stimulated the accumulation of cartilage nodules in a dose-dependent manner. Further, ATDC5 cells treated with isopsoralen were stained more intensely with Alcian blue than control cells, suggesting that isopsoralen increases the synthesis of matrix proteoglycans. Similarly, isopsoralen markedly induced the activation of alkaline phosphatase activity compared with control cells. Isopsoralen enhanced the expressions of chondrogenic marker genes such as collagen II, collagen X, OCN, Smad4 and Sox9 in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, isopsoralen induced the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 MAP kinase, but not that of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Isopsoralen significantly enhanced the protein expression of BMP-2 in a time-dependent manner. PD98059 and SB 203580, inhibitors of ERK and p38 MAPK, respectively, decreased the number of stained cells treated with isopsoralen. Taken together, these results suggest that isopsoralen mediates a chondromodulating effect by BMP-2 or MAPK signaling pathways, and is therefore a possible therapeutic agent for bone growth disorders.

SWAT-APEX 연계 모형을 이용한 벼 생육기간 조절을 통한 기후변화 대응 영향 평가 (Assessing climate change response on runoff and T-N loads of rice growing season shift using coupled SWAT-APEX model)

  • 김동현;장태일
    • 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국수자원학회 2020년도 학술발표회
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    • pp.200-200
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구에서는 SWAT 모형과 APEX-Paddy 모형의 연계 모델링을 통한 대표 BMP(Best management practice) 적용, 정식시기 및 벼 생육기간을 고려한 시나리오 적용을 통해 농업용수의 관리 및 수질환경 개선 등에 활용할 수 있는 저영향 영농활동을 분석하고자 하였다. 만경강 유역을 대상으로 SWAT 모형을 구축하고 유역 내에 위치한 논 시험포장을 대상으로 강우-유출 및 비점오염원 모니터링 자료를 활용하여 APEX-Paddy 모형을 구축하였다. SWAT 모형과 APEX 모형을 연계하여 유역의 수문, 수질에 대한 정밀한 모델링을 수행하였으며, 이는 저영향 영농활동을 분석하기 위한 필드단위의 정확한 결과를 유역차원에 반영하기 위함이다. 특히, 본 연구에 사용된 APEX-Paddy 모형은 농촌진흥청과 Texas A&M의 공동연구를 통해 개발된 새로운 모형으로서 한국의 논 영농활동 및 담수환경을 반영하여 논에서의 유출 및 비점오염원을 모의할 수 있다. 연계 모형의 적합성 평가를 위해 R2 (Determine of Coefficient), RMSE (Root mean square error), NSE (Nash-sutcliffe efficiency)를 사용하였다. 적합성 평가 지표를 분석한 결과, 유출량은 R2 평균 0.91, RMSE 평균 2.87 mm/day, NSE 평균 0.78로 나타났다. T-N 부하량은 R2 평균 0.74, RMSE 평균 59.3 kg/ha/day, NSE 평균 0.50으로 나타났다. 저영향 영농활동 관리방안을 위한 시나리오로 1) 논의 물꼬높이(BMP) 관리 적용, 2) 벼 생육기간 조절을 고려하여 기온변화에 따른 정식시기, 벼 생육기간 등을 조정하여 적용하였다. 기후변화 시나리오는 10개 GCM 모델의 RCP 8.5 시나리오를 통해 분석하였으며, 유역차원의 미래 영향을 분석한 결과, 물꼬관리 BMP에 따라 담수심이 증가되며, 관개량이 감소하고 유출량 10.7%, T-N 11.2% 저감되는 것을 나타냈으며, 벼 생육기간 조절은 BMP보다 상대적으로 효과가 높진 않았지만, 유출량 1.4%, T-N 3.1%의 저감효과를 나타냈다. 따라서 두 가지의 저영향 영농활동 관리방안은 미래기간의 기후변화에 대응하여 농업용수 및 물관리에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. 하지만 본 연구결과는 모델링 결과에 의존한 것이며, 추후 지속적인 연구와 보완이 필요하다.

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Protein transduction domain을 이용한 recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2의 골재생효과 (Bone regenerative effects of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 employed protein transduction domain)

  • 정성원;김남희;육종인;김창성;김형준;조규성
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제37권3호
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    • pp.497-509
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    • 2007
  • Bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs) are regarded as members of the transforming growth $factor-{\beta}$ superfamily with characteristic features in their amino acid sequences. A number of studies have demonstrated the biologic activities of BMPs, which include the induction of cartilage and bone formation. Recently there was a attempt to overcome a limitation of mass production, and economical efficieny of rh-BMPs. The method producing PTD by using bacteria have advantages of acquiry a mass of proteins. Hences, a new treatment which deliver protein employed by protein transduction domain(PTD) has been tried. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bone regenerative effect of TATBMP-2 and TAT-HA2-BMP-2 employed by PTD from HlV-1 TAT protein for protein translocation in the rat calvarial model. An 8mm calvarial, critical size osteotomy defect was created in each of 32 male Spraque-Dawley rats(weight $250{\sim}300g$). The animals were divided into 4 groups of 32 animals each (4 animals/group/healing interval). The defect was treated with TATBMP-2/ACS(Absorbable collagen sponge) (TATBMP-2 0.1mg/ml), TAT-HA2-BMP-2/ACS(TAT-HA2-BMP-2 0.1mg/ml), ACS alone or left untreated for surgical control(negative control). The rats were sacrificed at 2 or 8 weeks postsurgery, and the results were evaluated histologically. The results were as follows: New bone formation were not significantly greater in the TATBMP-2/ACS group relative to negative, and positive control groups. New bone was evident at the defect sites in TAT-HA2-BMP-2/ACS group relative to negative, positive control and TATBMP-2 groups. There were a little bone regeneration in TATBMP-2 groups. While, enhanced local bone formation were observed in TAT-HA2-BMP-2 group. But, The results was not the same in all rat defects. Therefore, further investigations are required to develop a method. which disperse homogenously, and adhere to target cells.

The evaluation of the correlation between histomorphometric analysis and micro-computed tomography analysis in AdBMP-2 induced bone regeneration in rat calvarial defects

  • Park, Shin-Young;Kim, Kyoung-Hwa;Koo, Ki-Tae;Lee, Kang-Woon;Lee, Yong-Moo;Chung, Chong-Pyoung;Seol, Yang-Jo
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제41권5호
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    • pp.218-226
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has been widely used in the evaluation of regenerated bone tissue but the reliability of micro-CT has not yet been established. This study evaluated the correlation between histomorphometric analysis and micro-CT analysis in performing new bone formation measurement. Methods: Critical-size calvarial defects were created using a 8 mm trephine bur in a total of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats, and collagen gel mixed with autogenous rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) or autogenous rat BMSCs transduced by adenovirus containing bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) genes was loaded into the defect site. In the control group, collagen gel alone was loaded into the defect. After 2 and 4 weeks, the animals were euthanized and calvaria containing defects were harvested. Micro-CT analysis and histomorphometric analysis of each sample were accomplished and the statistical evaluation about the correlation between both analyses was performed. Results: New bone formation of the BMP-2 group was greater than that of the other groups at 2 and 4 weeks in both histomorphometric analysis and micro-CT analysis (P=0.026, P=0.034). Histomorphometric analysis of representative sections showed similar results to histomorphometric analysis with a mean value of 3 sections. Measurement of new bone formation was highly correlated between histomorphometric analysis and micro-CT analysis, especially at the low lower threshold level at 2 weeks (adjusted $r^2=0.907$, P<0.001). New bone formation of the BMP-2 group analyzed by micro-CT tended to decline sharply with an increasing lower threshold level, and it was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusions: Both histomorphometric analysis and micro-CT analysis were valid methods for measurement of the new bone in rat calvarial defects and the ability to detect the new bone in micro-CT analysis was highly influenced by the threshold level in the BMP-2 group at early stage.

해조류의 혐기소화를 위한 메탄생산퍼텐셜 분석 (Biochemical Methane Potential Analysis for Anaerobic Digestion of Marine Algae)

  • 이준형;김태봉;신국식;윤영만
    • 유기물자원화
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.23-33
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    • 2020
  • 해조류는 분해에 어려움이 없고 부산물 역시 사료와 비료 등으로 이용이 가능해 에너지로의 전환율이 높으며 성장과정에서의 탄소 흡수능력과 원료 생산에 특별한 비용이 들지 않고 빠른 생장속도와 넓은 재배 면적으로 이용가치가 높은 바이오매스로 볼 수 있다. 우리나라는 삼면이 바다로 둘러싸여 있어 해조류 양식 발달 되어 왔으며, 2018년 기준 해조류 생산량은 총 1,722,486ton이며 이중 96% 이상을 차지하는 다시마(Saccharina japonica), 김(Porphyra tenera), 미역(Undaria pinnatifida)은 제품화 되는 과정에서 많은 양이 부산물로 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 해조류 부산물의 혐기소화를 위하여 다시마, 미역, 김의 이화학적 성상을 분석하였으며, 이론적 메탄퍼텐셜과 생물화학적 메탄퍼텐셜(BMP)을 분석하여 혐기적 메탄생산 수율을 파악하였다. 다시마, 미역, 김의 이론적 메탄퍼텐셜은 0.393, 0.373, 0.435 N㎥/kg-VS로 나타났으며, 회분식 혐기반응기를 이용한 생물화학적 메탄생산퍼텐셜을 Modified gompertz model로 분석한 결과 0.226, 0.227, 0.241 N㎥/kg-VS로 산출되었으며, Parallel first order kinetics model로 분석한 결과 0.220, 0.243, 0.240 N㎥/kg-VS로 산출되었다.

두개골 및 두개봉합부 초기발육과정에서의 전사조절인자인 Msx2와 Dlx5의 역할 (THE ROLE OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR MSX2 AND DLX5 IN CALVARIAL BONE AND SUTURE DEVELOPMENT)

  • 송민호;박미현;남순현;김영진;류현모;김현정
    • 대한소아치과학회지
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    • 제30권3호
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    • pp.391-405
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    • 2003
  • 두개봉합부의 조기융합으로 일컬어지는 craniosynostosis는 두개봉합부에서의 골아세포의 조기분화 및 석회화의 결과로 나타나는 선천성 발육이상이다. 최근 유전학적 연구에 의하면 homeobox gene인 Msx2의 변이에 의해 Boston-type craniosynostosis가 야기되며, 또한 Dlx5 homozygote mutant mouse의 표현형에서 두개골의 골화지연을 포함한 다양한 두개안면부위의 이상을 발견하였다는 보고가 있었다. 게다가 Msx2와 Dlx5 homeodomain protein의 상호작용에 의해 성숙골아세포의 표지자인 osteocalcin의 전사를 조절할 수 있다는 사실이 알려져 있다. 이러한 일련의 결과들은 Msx2 Dlx5 및 osteocalcin 유전자들이 두개골의 골화과정과 두개봉합부의 형태발생에 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있음을 제시해주고 있다. 두개골의 성장과 두개봉합부의 형태발생시 이러한 유전자들의 기능을 알아보기위해 mouse의 태생기 (E15-E18) 동안 osteocalcin, Msx2, 및 Dlx5 유전자들의 발현양상을 조사하였다. Osteocalcin은 E15부터 두정골의 골막에서 관찰되었으며, 발생시기가 후기일수록 강한 발현양상을 나타내었다. Msx2는 시상봉합부의 미분화간엽조직과 osteogenic front에서 강하게 발현되었으며 경막과 hair follicle에서도 관찰되었다. Dlx5는 osteogenic front를 포함한 두정골의 골막에서 강하게 발현되었으나 시상봉합부의 미분화간엽조직 에서는 발현되지 않아, Msx2와는 발현양상의 차이를 나타내었다. 두개골과 두개봉합부의 발육과정에서의 Msx2와 Dlx5의 기능을 좀더 심도깊게 분석하기위해, 여러 가지 signaling molecule들의 protein을 사용하여 in vitro 실험을 시행하였다. BMP-2, -4 protein의 overexpression은 bead 주위로 Msx2 유전자의 발현을 유도하였으나, 다른 $TGF{\beta}$ superfamily인 $TGF{\beta}1$, GDF-6, -7 bead들 주위로는 Msx2를 관찰할 수 없었다. 또한 FGF, Shh protein 역시 bead주위로 Msx2의 발현을 유도하지않았다. 흥미롭게도 BMP-2, -4 protein의 overexpression은 bead 주위로 Dlx5 유전자의 발현을 유도하였으나, 다른 $TGF{\beta}$ superfamily, FGF, Shh bead주위로는 Dlx5를 관찰할 수 없어, Msx2와 동일한 결과를 나타내었다 이 결과들을 종합해볼 때, Msx2와 Dlx5 유전자는 두개골과 두개봉합부의 성장발육과정에 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있으며, BMP signaling은 이 두 전사조절인자들을 조절하므로써 두개골의 골화과정과 두개봉합부의 형태발생 및 유지에 관여하고 있음을 제시해주고 있다. 특히 BMP signaling에 specific downstream gene인 Msx2 및 Dlx5의 발현양상의 차이는 골아세포의 분화시 이들 유전자가 각각의 독특한 기능을 가지고 있음을 시사해주고 있다.

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양돈슬러리를 이용한 혐기소화에서 미생물 첨가가 메탄발생에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Supplementation of Mixed Methanogens and Rumen Cellulolytic Bacteria on Biochemical Methane Potential with Pig Slurry)

  • 김지애;윤영만;정광화;김창현
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제45권6호
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    • pp.1049-1057
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 메탄생성에 직접적으로 관여하는 혼합 메탄균과 셀롤로스 등의 고분자 물질의 가수분해 반응에 활성이 뛰어난 반추위 내 혐기성 섬유소분해균 중에서 대표적인 Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus flavefaciens 및 Ruminococcus albus를 biochemical methane potential (BMP) 시험에 첨가하였을 때 메탄 발생에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 수행되었다. BMP시험은 멸균증류수를 첨가한 control과 각각의 미생물 배양액을 첨가한 혼합 메탄균 첨가구 (M), F. succinogenes 첨가구 (FS) R. flavefaciens 첨가구 (RF), R. albus 첨가구 (RA) 및 RA+FS 혼합첨가구와 M+RA+FS 혼합 첨가구로 총 7개 처리구로 각 처리구별 3반복으로 진행되었다. 미생물 배양액의 첨가량은 식종액과 양돈슬러리에 1% (0.5 mL), 3% (1.5 mL) 및 5% (2.5 mL) 씩 첨가 하였다. BMP 시험을 위해 60일간 배양이 지속되었고 중온소화를 위해 $38^{\circ}C$의 배양기에서 수행되었다. 실험의 결과 총 바이오가스 발생량은 5% RF와 RA+FS가 대조구에 비하여 8.1 및 8.4%로 가스발생량이 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 메탄발생량은 3% 미생물 배양액 첨가구 중 M+RA+FS를 제외하고 대조구에 비하여 증가시키는 경향을 보였으며, 5% 배양액을 첨가하였을 때는 대조구에 대하여 5%의 M, FS, RF, RA, RA+FS, 및 M+RA+FS RF가 각각 12.1, 12.6, 17.3, 13.7, 17.9 및 14.7%로 메탄가스발생량을 증가시켰다 (p<0.05). TS 및 VS 분해율은 가스발생량과는 관계없이 모든 처리구에서 미생물 배양액의 첨가량이 증가하더라도 차이가 없었다. BMP 종료시 배양액내 pH는 모든 처리구가 7.527~7.657의 범위로 메탄발효에 큰 영향을 주지 않았다. 결론적으로, 본 실험에서는 양돈 슬러리의 성분특성으로 인해 가수분해단계와 메탄생성단계 모두에 첨가한 미생물 배양액이 효과가 있었으나, 5% 첨가수준을 제외하고 낮은 첨가수준에서는 첨가효과가 나타나지는 않았다.

Effects of Yuhyangjeongtong-san on Fracture Healing in Rats

  • Kim, Ki-Tae;Jo, Na-Young
    • 대한한의학회지
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    • 제40권4호
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    • pp.61-71
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    • 2019
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Yuhyangjeongtong-san on the recovery of tibial fractures in rats. Methods: In this study, osteocalcin and Calcitonin, CTX-2, TGF-β and BMP-2, which are used as indicators of bone formation, were analyzed after hematologic fractures using experimental rats. In addition, the fracture union process was confirmed using X-rays. Results: Osteocalcin, Calcitonin and BMP-2 showed a significant increase compared with the control at 4 weeks. CTX-2 and TGF-β showed a significant increase compared with the control at 3 weeks. On X-ray, YJS treated group, as the experiment progressed, the boundary line became blurred, the bone outline was clearly visible, and the fracture recover was progressing. Conclusion: The findings suggest that YJS can play a significant role in the repair of fractures. Therefore YJS is likely to be used to treat fractures.

3-Dimensional Micro-Computed Tomography Study on Bone Regeneration with Silk Fibroin, rh-Bone Morphogenetic Protein Loaded-Silk Fibroin and Tricalcium Phosphate Coated-Silk Fibroin in Rat Calvaria Defect

  • Pang, Eun-O;Park, Young-Ju;Park, Su-Hyun;Kang, Eung-Sun;Kweon, Hae-Yong;Kim, Soeng-Gon;Ko, Chang-Yong;Kim, Han-Sung;Nam, Jeong-Hun;Ahn, Jang-Hun;Chun, Ji-Hyun;Lee, Byeong-Min
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • 제34권1호
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2012
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bone regeneration capacity of silk fibroin (SF) when combined with beta tricalcium phosphate (${\beta}$-tricalcium phosphate [TCP]) and rh-bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in vivo by micro-computed tomography (CT), soft x-ray, and histological analysis. Methods: A total of 56 critical size defects formed by a trephine bur made on 28 adult female Spague-Dawley rats were used for this study and the defect size was 5.0 mm in diameter. The defects were transplanted with (1) no graft material (raw defect), (2) autogenous bone, (3) SF ($10{\mu}g$), (4) SF-BMP ($10{\mu}g$, $0.8{\mu}g$ each), and (5) SF+${\beta}$-TCP ($10{\mu}g$). At 4 and 8 weeks after operation, the experimental animals were sacrificed. Samples were evaluated with soft x-ray, histological examinations and 3-dimensional micro-CT analysis. Results: In the 3-dimensional micro-CT evaluation, bone volume and bone surface data were higher in the SF-BMP ($12.8{\pm}1.5$, $138.6{\pm}45.0$ each) (P<0.05) and SF-TCP ($12.3{\pm}1.5$, $144.9{\pm}30.9$ each) group than in the SF group ($6.1{\pm}3.3$, $77.2{\pm}37.3$ each) (P<0.05), except for the autogenous group ($15.0{\pm}3.0$, $190.7{\pm}41.4$ each) at 4 weeks. At 8 weeks, SF-BMP ($16.8{\pm}3.5$, $173.9{\pm}34.2$ each) still revealed higher (P<0.05) bone volum and surface, but SF-TCP ($11.3{\pm}1.5$, $1132.9{\pm}52.1$ each) (P=0.5, P=0.2) revealed the same or lower amount compared with the SF group ($13.8{\pm}2.7$, $127.5{\pm}44.8$ each). The % of bone area determined by radiodensity was higher in the SF-TCP ($31.4{\pm}9.1%$) and SF-BMP ($36.2{\pm}16.2%$) groups than in the SF ($19.0{\pm}10.4$) group at the period of 4 weeks. Also, in the histological evaluation, the SF-BMP group revealed lower inflammation reaction, lower foreign body reaction and higher bone healing than the SF group at postoperative 4 weeks and 8 weeks. The SF-TCP group revealed lower inflammation at 4 weeks, but accordingly, as the TCP membrane was absorbed, inflammatory and foreign body reaction are increased at 8 weeks. Conclusion: The current study provides evidence that the silk fibrin can be used as an effective grafted material for tissue engineering bone generation through a combination of growth factor or surface treatment.

Novel analysis model for implant osseointegration using ectopic bone formation via the recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2/macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate block system in rats: a proof-of-concept study

  • Park, Jung-Chul;Lee, Jong-Bin;Daculsi, Guy;Oh, Sang-Yeop;Cho, Kyoo-Sung;Im, Gun-Il;Kim, Byung-Soo;Kim, Chang-Sung
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제42권4호
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    • pp.136-143
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    • 2012
  • Purpose: The osseointegration around titanium mini-implants installed in macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (MBCP) blocks was evaluated after incubation with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in an ectopic subcutaneous rat model. Methods: Mini-implants (${\varphi}1.8{\times}12$ mm) were installed in MBCP blocks (bMBCPs, $4{\times}5{\times}15$ mm) loaded with rhBMP-2 at 0.1 mg/mL, and then implanted for 8 weeks into subcutaneous pockets of male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=10). A histomorphometric analysis was performed, and the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone density were evaluated. Results: Significant osteoinductive activity was induced in the rhBMP-2/bMBCP group. The percentage of BIC was $41.23{\pm}4.13%$ (mean${\pm}$standard deviation), while bone density was $33.47{\pm}5.73%$. In contrast, no bone formation was observed in the bMBCP only group. Conclusions: This model represents a more standardized tool for analyzing osseointegration and bone healing along the implant surface and in bMBCPs that excludes various healing factors derived from selected animals and defect models.