• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2003

Background: In kidney transplantation, donor specific transfusion may induce tolerance as a result of some immune regulatory cells against the graft. In organ transplantation, the immune state arises from a relationship between the immunocompromised graft and the immunocompetent host. However, a reverse immunological situation exists between the graft and the host in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In addition, early IL-2 injections after an allogeneic murine HSCT have been shown to prevent lethal graft versus host disease (GVHD) due to CD4+ cells. We investigated the induction of the regulatory CD4+CD25+ cells after a transfusion of irradiated recipient cells with IL-2 into a donor. Methods: The splenocytes (SP) were obtained from 6 week-old BALB/c mice ($H-2^d$) and irradiated as a single cell suspension. The donor mice (C3H/He, $H-2^k$) received $5{\times}10^6$ irradiated SP, and 5,000 IU IL-2 injected intraperitoneally on the day prior to HSCT. The CD4+CD25+ cell populations in SP treated C3H/He were analyzed. In order to determine the in vivo effect of CD4+CD25+ cells, the lethally irradiated BALB/c were transplanted with $1{\times}10^7$ donor BM and $5{\times}10^6$ CD4+CD25+ cells. The other recipient mice received either $1{\times}10^7$ donor BM with $5{\times}10^6$ CD4+ CD25- cells or the untreated SP. The survival and GVHD was assessed daily by a clinical scoring system. Results: In the MLR assay, BALB/c SP was used as a stimulator with C3H/He SP, as a responder, with or without treatment. The inhibition of proliferation was $30.0{\pm}13%$ compared to the control. In addition, the MLR with either the CD4+CD25+ or CD4+CD25- cells, which were isolated by MidiMacs, from the C3H/He SP treated with the recipient SP and IL-2 was evaluated. The donor SP treated with the recipient cells and IL-2 contained more CD4+CD25+ cells ($5.4{\pm}1.5%$) than the untreated mice SP ($1.4{\pm}0.3%$)(P<0.01). There was a profound inhibition in the CD4+CD25+ cells ($61.1{\pm}6.1%$), but a marked proliferation in the CD4+CD25- cells ($129.8{\pm}65.2%$). Mice in the CD4+CD25+ group showed low GVHD scores and a slow progression from the post-HSCT day 4 to day 9, but those in the control and CD4+CD25- groups had a high score and rapid progression (P<0.001). The probability of survival was 83.3% in the CD4+CD25+ group until post-HSC day 35 and all mice in the control and CD4+CD25- groups died on post-HSCT day 8 or 9 (P=0.0105). Conclusion: Donor graft engineering with irradiated recipient SP and IL-2 (recipient specific transfusion) can induce abundant regulatory CD4+CD25+ cells to prevent GVHD.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37권7A호
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• pp.545-551
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 K대역의 신호를 수신하여 저잡음 증폭 및 L대역으로 하향 변환하는 다채널 전단 수신기를 설계 및 제작하였다. 제작된 다채널 전단 수신기는 잡음지수 2.3 dB 이하의 특성을 가지는 GaAs-HEMT 기반의 저잡음 증폭소자, 이미지 성분의 억제를 위한 IR(Image Rejection) Filter, 이미지 성분 억제와 IMD (Intermodulation Distortion) 특성 개선을 위한 IR(Image rejection) 믹서를 포함한다. 제작된 다채널 전단 수신기의 시험결과, 3.8 dB 이하의 잡음지수와 27 dB 이상의 변환이득을 가지며 입력신호 기준 -9.5 dBm 이상의 P1dB(1dB Gain Compression Point) 특성을 나타내었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.470-475
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• 1999

본 연구는 무지개송어 사료의 어분 대체사료원으로서 육골분(MBM), 우모분(FM), 오징어내장분 (SLP), 가금부산물 (PBP) 및 혈분 (BM)을 특정비율로 혼합하여 제조한 어분대체품(ABPM)을 제작하여 사료내 어분의 대체가능성을 조사하고 사료내 소화율 측정에 이용하는 지표물질인 $Cr_2O_3$ 첨가가 성장에 미치는 영향에 관한 자료를 얻고자 실시하였다. 본 실험사료의 주단백질원으로는 동물성단백 질원으로 북양어분 (White fish meal, WFM)과 축산가공부 산혼합물 (ABPM)을 식물성으로 대두박과 콘글루텐밀을 사용하였다. 사료 1과 사료 2의 사료는 National Research Council(NRC, 1993)자료에 근거하여 조단백질 함량은 $46.5\%$, 가용성 에너지는 16.7 KJ/g (protein, carbohydrate and lipid: 16.7, 16.7 and 37.7 KJ/g)으로 동일하게 맞추어 주었다. 실험사료는 사료 1 (WFM 100), 사료2(ABPM 40), 사료3(상업사료(-Cr)), 사료 4(상업사료+$0.5\%$ $Cr_2O_3$(+Cr))로 4가지를 사용하였다. 일주일간의 예비사육 후 평균무게 2.1g$\pm$0.2인 치어를 30마리씩 3반복으로 무작위 배치하여 4주간 사육한후, 성장속도가 비슷한 평균무게 6.8$\pm$0.3g의 어류를 동일한 사료군내에서 선택하여 20마리씩 2 반복 재배치하여 4주간 사육하였다. 8 주간 사료 공급후 사료 2는 다른 모든 사료구에 비해 증체율 (WG, $\%$)과 사료효율 (FE, $\%$)이 유의적으로 낮았다 (P<0.05). 어체의 혈액분석결과 헤마토크리트t는 전사료구간에 유의차가 없었다 (P>0.05). 전어체 일반성분 분석 결과 수분 및 조단백질 함량은 모든 사료구간에 유의적 차이가 없었으나 (P>0.05), 사료 1의 조지방 함량은 다른 사료구에 비해 유의적으로 높았다 (P<0.05). 어체의 비만도는 사료 2가 다른 사료구에 비해 유의적으로 높았다 (P<0.05). 혈액, 뼈 및 전어체의 인 함량 및 뼈의 회분 함량은 모든 사료구간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다 (P>0.05). 상업사료내 산화크롬을 첨가하거나 혹은 첨가하지 않고 8주간 사육한 결과 산화크롬 $0.5\%$의 8주간 첨가는 성장에 영향을 주지 않았을 뿐 아니라 전어체의 일반성분, 혈장 및 뼈 조직 중의 인과 회분 함량에도 영향을 주지 않았다. 본 실험 결과, 무지개 송어 사료내 어분단백질 대체원으로 본축산가공부산혼합물의 이용은 $40\%$ 수준 이하에서 가능하다고 판단되고 산화크롬은 성장 및 전어체의 일반성분에 영향을 주지 않았으므로 사료내 영양소의 소화율 측정에 $0.5\%$ 의 산화크롬 첨가는 별다른 문제가 없음을 보여주었다.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2014

This paper presents a zero-IF CMOS RF receiver, which supports three channel bandwidths of 5/10/40MHz for LTE-Advanced systems. The receiver operates at IMT-band of 2,500 to 2,690MHz. The simulated noise figure of the overall receiver is 1.6 dB at 7MHz (7.5 dB at 7.5 kHz). The receiver is composed of two parts: an RF front-end and a baseband circuit. In the RF front-end, a RF input signal is amplified by a low noise amplifier and $G_m$ with configurable gain steps (41/35/29/23 dB) with optimized noise and linearity performances for a wide dynamic range. The proposed baseband circuit provides a -1 dB cutoff frequency of up to 40MHz using a proposed wideband OP-amp, which has a phase margin of $77^{\circ}$ and an unit-gain bandwidth of 2.04 GHz. The proposed zero-IF CMOS RF receiver has been implemented in $0.13-{\mu}m$ CMOS technology and consumes 116 (for high gain mode)/106 (for low gain mode) mA from a 1.2 V supply voltage. The measurement of a fabricated chip for a 10-MHz 3G LTE input signal with 16-QAM shows more than 8.3 dB of minimum signal-to-noise ratio, while receiving the input channel power from -88 to -12 dBm.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2003

Sericulture is a traditional agro-industry, which involves mulberry cultivation and silkworm rearing, has made great contributes to the human civilization. With the development of national economy and modem technology, mulberry and silkworm are being used to develop products with functionality besides the traditional cocoon production in China. In this paper, we brief the current developing situation of sericultural byproducts with functionality in the following aspects. (1) Functional products from silkworm larvae: silkworm powder, white muscardine silkworm, isolation and purification of anti-bacterial proteins from the larvae and production of medically valuable substances by Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) vector. (2) Utilization of silkworm feces: for pillow and for isolation of chlorophyll etc. (3) Production of valuable Chinese traditional medicine like Cordyceps sinensis with pupae, functional utilization of pupa protein and chitin. (4) Silk as additives to cosmetics, silk food and medical materials. (5) Functional utilization of mulberry: cultivation of edible fungus on mulberry shoots as medium, mulberry fruit drinks, mulberry tea, etc. The prospect of sericultural byproduct industry in China is also discussed.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.360-367
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• 1990

토양으로부터 rutin을 유일한 탄소원으로 생육하는 세균을 분리하여 그 중 rutin 가수분해활성이 높은 MT-57균을 Arthrobacter sp.로 동정하였다. Arthrobacter sp.MT-57에서 수 종류의 rutin 가수분해효소가 확인되었으며 이들 중 rutinosidase를 전기영동상 단일한 효소 단백질까지 정제하였다. Rutinosidase으 분자량은 SDS page와 gel filtration으로 부터 42,000의 단량체로 추정 되었다. 효소반응의 최적 pH와 온도는 pH 7.5와 $45^{\circ}C$였으며, 20분간 열처리하였을 때 $50^{\circ}C$까지 안정하였다.

• 발명하는 사람들
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• 46호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2006

'2006 대한민국 여성 발명품 박람회' 개최/'발명의 달 5월' 행사 풍성히 열려/'제12회 여성발명 우수사례 발표회' 열려/;꽃꽃이 용기' 출원동향 급격히 늘어나/특허청 '소멸특허정보 서비스' 제공한다/김열 특허청 차장 승진 임명/BM 특허 출원, 개인은 줄고 기업은 늘고/5월부터 특허료, 우선심사신청료 인하/현장 스케치/특허청과 한국전력 기술.특허정보 공유 양해각서 체결/독일과 '장미전쟁', 한국 승리/'제34회 제네바 국제발명전'에서 전원 수상 기록/국제 특허 전문가 한 자리에 모였다/특허청, 해외지재권 침해 소송비용 지원/국가연구 개발사업 지원하는 'R&D 특허센터' 출범/'특허 고객 고층 해결 안방 서비스' 개시/한국특허정보원, 다양한 캠페인 통해 사회공헌 활동/특허청, 과학기술 전문인력 50명 특별채용/'특허기술이전 박람회' 개최/취업 위해 일본 기업에 IT특허 기술 유출/부조리 신고자에 포상금 지급/역사 속의 발명품/하루 10분 발명교실/특허Q&A/'주부에서 발명가로, 필요에 의해 발병이 시작됐습니다'/여주초등학교 발명교실/아이디어 착상 및 발명 기법/여성 발명 활동 더욱 장려해야/무리에의 마가린/세계 상표제도 더욱 가까워져/특허청,'아시아 특허정보 허브'로 급부상/'2006 발명 특허 페스티벌' 개최/지리적 명칭, 신문제호 상표등록 안된다/리빙 아이디어/특허기술사업화에 3천89척원 지원/'찾아가는 심사 서비스' 대리인 사무소까지 확대/문화콘텐츠 식별체계 첫 선 보여/한국여성발명협회 회원사 발명품 가이드/

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2024

The intracellular parasite Babesia microti is among the most significant species causing human babesiosis and is an emerging threat to human health worldwide. Unravelling the pathogenic molecular mechanisms of babesiosis is crucial in developing new diagnostic and preventive methods. This study assessed how priming with B. microti surface antigen 1 (BHSA 1) and seroreactive antigen 5-1-1 (BHSA 5-1-1) mediate protection against B. microti infection. The results showed that 500 ㎍/ml rBMSA1 and rBMSA5-1-1 partially inhibited the invasion of B. microti in vitro by 42.0±3.0%, and 48.0±2.1%, respectively. Blood smears revealed that peak infection at 7 days post-infection (dpi) was 19.6%, 24.7%, and 46.7% in the rBMSA1, rBmSA5-1-1, compared to the control groups (healthy mice infected with B. microti only), respectively. Routine blood tests showed higher white blood cell, red blood cell counts, and haemoglobin levels in the 2 groups (BMSA1 and BMSA5 5-1-1) than in the infection control group at 0-28 dpi. Moreover, the 2 groups had higher serum interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α and Interleukin-17A levels, and lower IL-10 levels than the infection control group throughout the study. These 2 potential vaccine candidate proteins partially inhibit in vitro and in vivo B. microti infection and enhance host immunological response against B. microti infection.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.2245-2250
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• 2014

A new accepter unit, 6,7-difluoro-2,3-dihexylquinoxaline, was prepared and utilized for the synthesis of the conjugated polymers containing electron donor-acceptor pair for OPVs. New series of copolymers with dioctyloxybenzodithiophene as the electron rich unit and 6,7-difluoro-2,3-dihexylquinoxaline as the electron deficient unit are synthesized. The solid films of poly[2,6-(4,8-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene)-alt-5,8-(6,7-difluoro-2,3-dihexylquinoxaline)] (PBQxF) and poly[2,6-(4,8-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy) benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene)-alt-5,8-(6,7-difluoro-2,3-dihexyl-5,8-di(thiophen-2-yl) quinoxaline)] (PBDTQxF) show absorption bands with maximum peaks at about 599 and 551 nm and the absorption onsets at 692 and 713 nm, corresponding to band gaps of 1.79 and 1.74 eV, respectively. The devices comprising PBQxF with $PC_{71}BM$ (1:2) showed open-circuit voltage ($V_{OC}$) of 0.64 V, short-circuit current density ($J_{SC}$) of $1.58mA/cm^2$, and fill factor (FF) of 0.39, giving power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.39%. To obtain absorption in the longer wavelength region, thiophene units without any alkyl group are incorporated as one of the monomers in PBDTQxF, which may result in low solubility of the polymers to lead lower efficiency.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2021

Objectives The purpose of the study is to evaluate the safety of the Allium Fistulosum extract in children and its effectiveness in height growth. Methods This study is randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The participants are children between the 3rd and 25th percentiles in height, and between the ages of 5 and 12 years. They are randomly assigned to treatment group or control group. The treatment group will take 5 g (1 g as Allium Fistulosum extract) for 24 weeks, 1 time a day. The control group will take the 5 g (0 g as Allium Fistulosum extract) of placebo for 24 weeks, 1 time a day. The primary outcome is change in height, and the secondary outcomes are growth rate, height standard deviations, Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), IGF1-1/IGFBP-3 ratio, growth hormone, bone age, osteocalcin, and Z-score for growth. Results This protocol has been approved by the institutional review board (IRB) of Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University (IRB No. DJDSKH-20-BM-15), and registered in the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) (Registry No. KCT0005981). Conclusions This study will provide clinical information about the effectiveness and safety of Allium Fistulosum extract in children for their growth.