• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.3534-3553
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• 2021

The low cost of Bluetooth technology has led to its wide usage in indoor positioning. However, some inherent shortcomings of Bluetooth technology have limited its further development in indoor positioning, such as the unstable positioning state caused by the fluctuation of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and the low transmission frequency accompanied by a poor real-time performance in positioning and tracking moving targets. To address these problems, an indoor fusion positioning algorithm of Bluetooth technology and pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) based on a particle filter with dynamic adjustment of weights calculation strategy (BPDW) will be proposed. First, an orderly statistical filter (OSF) sorts the RSSI values of a period and then eliminates outliers to obtain relatively stable RSSI values. Next, the Group-based Trilateration algorithm (GTP) enhances positioning accuracy. Finally, the particle filter algorithm with dynamic adjustment of weight calculation strategy fuses the results of Bluetooth positing and PDR to improve the performance of positioning moving targets. To evaluate the performance of BPDW, we compared BPDW with other representative indoor positioning algorithms, including fingerprint positioning, trilateral positioning (TP), multilateral positioning (MP), Kalman filter, and strong tracking filter. The results showed that BPDW has the best positioning performance on static and moving targets in simulation and actual scenes.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1122-1140
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• 2024

The importance of indoor positioning has grown in numerous application areas such as emergency response, logistics, and industrial automation. In ships, indoor positioning is also needed to provide services to passengers on board. Due to the complex structure and dynamic nature of ship environments, conventional positioning techniques have limitations in providing accurate positions. Compared to other indoor positioning technologies, Bluetooth 5.1-based indoor positioning technology is highly suitable for ship environments. Bluetooth 5.1 attains centimeter-level positioning accuracy by collecting In-phase and Quadrature (IQ) samples from wireless signals. However, distorted IQ samples can lead to significant errors in the final estimated position. Therefore, we propose an indoor positioning method for ships that utilizes a Deep Neural Network (DNN) combined with IQ fingerprint maps to overcome the challenges associated with accurate location detection within the ship. The results indicate that the accuracy of our proposed method can reach up to 97.76%.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.3657-3682
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• 2018

This paper presents a Bluetooth and pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR)-based indoor fusion localization approach (BtPDR) using smartphones. A Bluetooth and PDR-based indoor fusion localization approach can localize the initial position of a smartphone with the received signal strength (RSS) of Bluetooth. While a smartphone is moving, BtPDR can track its position by fusing the localization results of PDR and Bluetooth RSS. In addition, BtPDR can adaptively modify the parameters of PDR. The contributions of BtPDR include: a Bluetooth RSS-based Probabilistic Voting (BRPV) localization mechanism, a probabilistic voting-based Bluetooth RSS and PDR fusion method, and a heuristic search approach for reducing the complexity of BRPV. The experiment results in a real scene show that the average positioning error is < 2m, which is considered adequate for indoor location-based service applications. Moreover, compared to the traditional PDR method, BtPDR improves the location accuracy by 42.6%, on average. Compared to state-of-the-art Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) fingerprint + PDR-based fusion indoor localization approaches, BtPDR has better positioning accuracy and does not need the same offline workload as a fingerprint algorithm.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.790-798
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose a method to improve the accuracy of positioning by adding angle and distance validation to the existing Bluetooth-based positioning method using the angle of arrival. In the existing positioning method, an error occurs in the positioning value due to a multipath phenomenon induced in a non-visible distance environment. The proposed method derives the maximum and minimum angles of arrival that can be measured in consideration of the moving speed of the positioned device, and then examines whether the measured angle of arrival exceeds the range of the maximum and minimum angles of arrival. The accuracy of positioning is improved by conducting a distance validation check to see if the location of the device to be positioned and the distance to the positioning device exceed the effective distance. A simulation was conducted to analyze the positioning performance between the proposed method and the existing method, and it was confirmed that the positioning performance was improved through angle and distance validation compared to the existing method in a situation where the positioning error increased through the simulation results.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.64-69
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• 2013

Recently, users who are interested in the service at indoor spaces is increasing. An indoor positioning system can minimize a range of positioning error using a variety of wireless communication infrastructure. Also, the system improves an indoor positioning accuracy by combining a mobile communication network. However, flexible positioning technologies regardless of an environment are insufficient. Therefore, this is time for a systematic study on an indoor positioning system business model. This paper classify differences between an indoor positioning system technology and outdoor positioning system technology. And we research a construction and application of the indoor positioning system that is adapted a wireless communication system (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, RFID, UWE, Fingerprint, etc.) in domestic and foreign. We present a successful model of indoor positioning system and the development for future systems.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.280-286
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• 2022

In order to efficiently collect data, it is essential to locate the facilities and analyze the movement data. The current technology for location collection can collect data using a GPS sensor, but GPS has a strong straightness and low diffraction and reflectance, making it difficult for indoor positioning. In the case of indoor positioning, the location is determined by using wireless network technologies such as Wifi, but there is a problem with low accuracy as the error range reaches 20 to 30 m. In this paper, using BLE 4.2 built in Raspberry Pi, we implement Bluetooth Smart Ready. In detail, a beacon was produced for Advertise, and an experiment was conducted to support the serial port for data transmission/reception. In addition, advertise mode and connection mode were implemented at the same time, and a 3-count gradual algorithm and a quadrangular positioning algorithm were implemented for Bluetooth RSSI error correction. As a result of the experiment, the average error was improved compared to the first correction, and the error rate was also improved compared to before the correction, confirming that the error rate for position measurement was significantly improved.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.302-313
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• 2018

As the demand for indoor location recognition system has been rapidly increased in accordance with the increasing use of smart devices and the increasing use of augmented reality, indoor positioning systems(IPS) using BLE (Bluetooth Lower Energy) beacons and UWB (Ultra Wide Band) have been developed. In this paper, a positioning plate is generated by using trilateration technique based on BLE Beacon and using RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator). The resultant value is used to calculate the PDR-based coordinates using the positioning element of the Inertial Measurement Unit sensor, We propose a precise indoor positioning algorithm that combines RSSI and PDR technique. Based on the plate algorithm proposed in this paper, the experiment have done at large scale indoor sports arena and airport, and the results were successfully verified by 65% accuracy improvement with average 2.2m error.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.278-279
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• 2015

Recently, With the development of smart devices of interest in the intelligent indoor positioning service with a smart terminal it is increasing. The BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) is an indoor location positioning technology has attracted the attention. However, there is no way to check the reliability of the position information collected by the smart terminal receiving a big location data. This is because the reliability of an indoor position information because of a signal interference to drop. In this paper, we propose a method of managing big data collected in order to obtain reliable position information from the position information of iBeacon.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.352-354
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• 2016

Recent with the progress of smart devices, there is an increasing demand for indoor location-based services. For this reason, research on indoor positioning system using a iBeacon techniques added to BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) specifications of Bluetooth4.0 has been actively. However, RSSI signal used for the measurement of the distance between the iBeacon and the receiving terminal has the problems of inaccurate distance measurement to environmental factors such as obstacles. In this paper, we propose an implemented indoor positioning technique to use filtering technology enhance the reliability of the RSSI signal and the broadcasting signal of the terminal access point function.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.270-271
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• 2015

Recently, There is Increasing interest in the intelligent services using the Internet of Things indoor positioning technologies that enable the communication of information between the objects. In particular Applications and demand for the indoor location based services using smart devices has made active. An indoor location positioning technology for this purpose BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) has been a lot of interest in technology increases. If iBeacon of BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy) is made available to provide a signal for the indoor location information measurement then reliability of Indoor location information is lowered by signal interference. In this paper, Proposes a technique for data acquisition method for obtaining reliable position information and reliable position information calculation method from signal information data of iBeacon.