• 농업과학연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.28-36
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• 1994

식육자원으로서 야생조류인 꿩과 청둥오리고기의 식품안전성에 관하여 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 꿩과 청둥오리의 소장, 맹장과 직장에 대한 식중독균 검사에서, Salmonella속균 등 본 실험에서 검사한 3종의 식중독균은 모두 검출되지 않았다. 2. 꿩과 청둥오리의 혈액, 분, 소화기관 및 흉강장기에 대한 기생충검사에서 기생충은 발견되지 않았다. 3. 꿩과 청둥오리의 도체 근육에 대한 디스크 간이법에 의한 항생물질의 잔류검사에서, 모든 시료는 음성반응을 보였다. 4. 꿩과 청둥오리의 근육 및 간에 대한 DDT, BHT 등 7종의 농약 잔류검사에서, 모든 시료는 음성반응을 보였다. 5. 꿩과 청둥오리의 간, 근육 및 혈액에 대한 Cd 등 4종의 독성 중금속 검사에서 그 잔류량은 허용기준 이하였다. 이상의 꿩과 청둥오리에 대한 식품 안전성 검사 결과, 이들의 고기가 인체에 미치는 직접적인 위험도는 매우 낮을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.679-691
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• 1993

As a series of studies to investigate the effect of immunosuppression on Ascaris suum infection in undefinitive hosts, a delicate relationship between host and parasite, rabbits were divided into experiment 1(control group) and experiment 2(immnunosuppressive group treated with prednisolone acetate) and inoculated with a single dose of 5,000 embryonated A suum eggs. The recovery rates, sizes and morphology of the larvae and immunological responses in the rabbits were chronologically monitored according to somatic migration. In both experiments, the larvae failed to develop into the adults, but young adults in the experiment 2 grew somewhat faster and survied later than those in the experiment 1. The mast cells of small intestinal mucosa and mesenteric lymph nodes and the goblet cells of small intestinal mucosa in the worm detected cases of experiment 2 decreased remarkably in number comparing with those of experiment 1. Considering the experimental results. the expulsion mechanism of somatic migrant larvae may he related to the temporary increasing tendency of the mast cells, the goblet cells, T-cells of mesenteric lymph nodes and spleens, eosinophils in peripheral blood, degranulation rates of peritoneal mast cells and the migration inhibition rates of leucocytes. In addition, patent infection of A suum in the rabbits was not obviously observed despite of immunosuppression by prednisolone acetate.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.647-652
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• 2020

Clonorchis sinensis is the most common fish-borne intestinal parasite in Korea. The aim of the present investigation was to survey the status of C. sinensis infection and analyze associated risk factors in residents of Haman-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do. A total of 5,114 residents from 10 administrative towns/villages voluntarily agreed to participate in the study, which comprised fecal examination, a questionnaire survey for risk factors, ultrasonography, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for cancer biomarker detection in the blood. We detected C. sinensis eggs in 5.3% of the subjects. By region, Gunbuk-myeon had the highest number of residents with C. sinensis eggs. The infection rate and intensity were higher in male than in female residents. Based on the risk factor questionnaire, infection was highly associated with drinking, a history of C. sinensis infection, and the practice of eating of raw freshwater fish. Extension of the bile duct, infection intensity, and cancer biomarker detection significantly correlated with the presence of eggs in the study population. In conclusion, the development of feasible, long-term control policies and strategies for the elimination of C. sinensis in Korea is still required.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.483-490
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• 2022

말라리아는 기생충에 의해 발생하는 질병으로 전 세계에 퍼져있다. 말라리아 셀을 인식하는데 일반적으로 두꺼운 혈흔과 얇은 혈흔 검사 방법이 사용되지만 이러한 방법은 많은 수작업 계산이 필요하여 효율성과 정확성이 매우 낮을 뿐만 아니라 빈민국에는 병리학자가 부족하여 말라리아 치명율이 높다. 본 논문에서는 특징 추출기, 잔류 구조와 완전 연결층으로 구성되고, 전이 학습을 이용한 말라리아셀 이미지를 인식하는 모델을 제안한다. VGG-19 모델의 사전 학습된 파라미터가 사용될 때 일부 컨볼루션층의 파라미터는 고정되고, 모델의 데이터에 맞추기 위하여 미세조정이 사용된다. 그리고 제안된 모델과 비교하기 위하여 잔류 구조가 없는 말라리아셀 인식 모델을 구현한다. 실험 결과 잔류 구조를 사용한 모델이 잔류 구조가 없는 모델에 비하여 성능이 우수 하였으며, 최신 논문과 비교하여 가장 높은 97.33%의 정확도를 보여주었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.401-407
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• 2022

Antimalarial drugs play an important role in the control and treatment of malaria, a deadly disease caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium spp. The development of novel antimalarial agents effective against drug-resistant malarial parasites is urgently needed. The novel derivatives, SKM13-MeO and SKM13-F, were designed based on an SKM13 template by replacing the phenyl group with electron-donating (-OMe) or electron-withdrawing groups (-F), respectively, to reverse the electron density. A colorimetric assay was used to quantify cytotoxicity, and in vitro inhibition assays were performed on 3 different blood stages (ring, trophozoite, and schizonts) of P. falciparum 3D7 and the ring/mixed stage of D6 strain after synchronization. The in vitro cytotoxicity analysis showed that 2 new SKM13 derivatives reduced the cytotoxicity of the SKM13 template. SKM13 maintained the IC₅₀ at the ring and trophozoite stages but not at the schizont stage. The IC₅₀ values for both the trophozoite stage of P. falciparum 3D7 and ring/mixed stages of D6 demonstrated that 2 SKM13 derivatives had decreased antimalarial efficacy, particularly for the SKM13-F derivative. SKM13 may be comparably effective in ring and trophozoite, and electron-donating groups (-OMe) may be better maintain the antimalarial activity than electron-withdrawing groups (-F) in SKM13 modification.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.455-462
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• 2023

Since 2015, countries in the Sahel region have implemented large-scale seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC). However, the mass use of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) plus amodiaquine impacts the genetic diversity of malaria parasites and their sensitivity to antimalarials. This study aimed to describe and compare the genetic diversity and SP resistance of Plasmodium falciparum strains in Mali and Niger. We collected 400 blood samples in Mali and Niger from children aged 3-59 months suspected of malaria. Of them, 201 tested positive (Niger, 111, 55.2%; Mali, 90, 44.8%). Polymorphism of merozoite surface protein 1 (msp1) genetic marker showed 201 allotypes. The frequency of the RO33 allotype was significantly higher in Niger (63.6%) than in Mali (39.3%). There was no significant difference in the frequency of the K1 and MAD20 allotypes between the 2 countries. The multiplicity of infection was 2 allotypes per patient in Mali and one allotype per patient in Niger. The prevalence of strains with the triple mutants Pfdhfr51I/Pfdhfr59R/Pfdhps436A/F/H and Pfdhfr51I/Pfdhfr59R/Pfdhps437G was 18.1% and 30.2%, respectively, and 7.7% carried the quadruple mutant Pfdhfr51I/Pfdhfr59R/Pfdhps436A/F/H/Pfdhps437G. Despite the significant genetic diversity of parasite populations, the level of SP resistance was comparable between Mali and Niger. The frequency of mutations conferring resistance to SP still allows its effective use in intermittent preventive treatment in pregnant women and in SMC.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.550-554
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• 2004

과거에 비해 최근에는 우리나라에서 기생충 감염의 빈도가 낮아지긴 하였지만, 우리나라에서 비교적 흔한 감염원인 민물 게장등을 섭취한 병력이 있고, 호산구성 흉막 삼출과 말초혈액에서 호산구증다증이 있을 경우, 반드시 기생충 감염의 가능성을 생각해 보아야 한다. 피하조직에서의 폐흡충의 이소기생 례가 빈번한 것은 아니지만, 본 증례와 같이 이동성의 복부 종괴가 있을 경우 조직검사와 면역학적 검사를 통해 기생충 감염 여부에 대한 확인 절차는 반드시 필요하다. 그럼으로써, 결핵이나 폐암등 다른 질환으로의 오진에 의해 발생하는 경제사회적 손실을 최소화할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2016

In the era of (pre) elimination setting, the prevalence of malaria has been decreasing in most of the previously endemic areas. Therefore, effective cost- and time-saving validated pooling strategy is needed for detection of malaria in low transmission settings. In this study, optimal pooling numbers and lowest detection limit were assessed using known density samples prepared systematically, followed by genomic DNA extraction and nested PCR. Pooling strategy that composed of 10 samples in 1 pool, $20{\mu}l$ in 1 sample, was optimal, and the parasite density as low as $2p/{\mu}l$ for both falciparum and vivax infection was enough for detection of malaria. This pooling method showed effectiveness for handling of a huge number of samples in low transmission settings (<9% positive rate). The results indicated that pooling of the blood samples before DNA extraction followed by usual nested PCR is useful and effective for detection of malaria in screening of hidden cases in low-transmission settings.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2020

Malaria is a potent burden on public healthcare worldwide due to requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. Nowadays, prompt diagnosis with rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) has been widely accepted as an effective diagnostic technique in malaria-endemic countries, primarily due to their easy operation, fast output, and straightforward interpretation. The global availability and use of RDTs have gradually grown over recent decades as field-applicable diagnostic tests for the reliable confirmation of malaria infection and proper case management. This study was conducted to evaluate diagnostic performance of 3 commercially available malaria RDT kits : BIOCREDIT^TM Malaria Ag Pf(pLDH), Malaria Ag Pf(pLDH/pHRPII), and Malaria Ag Pf/Pv(pLDH/pLDH) (where pLDH and pHRPII stand for plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase and histidine-rich protein 2, respectively) for the specific detection of Plasmodium falciparum. A total of 1,129 blood samples including 95 blood samples, confirmed as vivax malaria infection by microscopic examinations and a nested-PCR method, were tested for falciparum malaria infection. The overall sensitivity and specificity of Malaria Ag Pf(pLDH/pHRPII), Malaria Ag Pf/Pv(pLDH/pLDH), and Pf(pLDH) for P. falciparum were 99.0% and 100%, 95.8% and 100%, and 100% and 100%, respectively. It is proposed that the 3 RDT kits perform reliable level of diagnostic accuracy of detection for P. falciparum parasites.

• Laboratory Medicine Online
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.100-104
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• 2011

배경: 말라리아는 국내에서 여전히 유행하고 있는 감염질환이다. 현재까지 말라리아의 진단에는 혈액도말검사의 검경법이 표준방법으로 되어 있으나 혈중 원충 농도가 낮을 경우에 예민도가 떨어지고 판독하기까지 많은 시간이 소요된다. 본 연구자들은 최근 개발된 LG Advansure^TM Malaria P.f./P.v. real-time QPCR (LG 생명과학)의 수행능력을 평가하고자 한다. 방법: 고려대학교 안산병원에 내원한 173명의 검체를 사용하였다. 고전적인 검경법으로 말라리아로 진단받았던 73명의 환자와 100명의 건강인을 대상으로 하여 LG Advansure^TM Malaria P.f./P.v. real-time QPCR를 시행하였고 그 결과를 비교하였다. 또한 말라리아 양성 혈액을 정상 혈액으로 10배로 배수 희석하여 검출 한계를 설정하였다. 결과: 총 73명의 환자 중 혈액도말 검사상 70명이 삼일열 말라리아로 진단받았으며 중합효소연쇄반응검사상 69명(98.6%)이 양성률을 보였다. 또한 혈액도말 검사상 열대열 원충이 발견되었던 3명(100%)의 경우 중합효소연쇄반응 검사상 모두 양성 결과였다. 본 중합효소연쇄반응 키트의 경우 μL당 0.1개의 원충까지 검출할 수 있는 높은 예민도를 보였다. 결론: LG Advansure^TM Malaria P.f./P.v. real-time QPCR 검사는 민감도와 특이도가 높았으며 원충의 농도가 매우 낮을 경우에도 검출할 수 있어 말라리아 감염의 진단에 유용할 것으로 생각한다.