• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.22
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• pp.9725-9730
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• 2014

Background: Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes is one of the most extensively studied biomarkers employed to evaluate genetic damage subsequent to pesticide exposure. Objective: To estimate the pooled levels of SCE in human peripheral blood lymphocytes among population exposed to pesticide. Materials and Methods: Meta-analysis on the association between SCE frequency and pesticide exposure was performed with STATA 10.0 software package and Review Manager 5.0.24 in this study. Results: The overall means of SCE were 7.88 [95% confidence intervals (95%CI): 6.71-9.04] for exposure group and 6.05 (95%CI: 5.13-6.95) for controls, respectively. There was statistically significant difference in the SCE frequency in human peripheral blood lymphocytes between pesticide-exposed groups and control groups, and the summary estimate of weighted mean difference was 1.69 (95%CI: 1.01-2.38). We also observed that pesticide-exposed population had significantly higher SCE frequency than control groups among smokers, nonsmokers, pesticide applicator, pesticide producer, other exposure population and Asian population in stratified analyses. Conclusions: Data indicate that the SCE frequency in human peripheral blood lymphocytes might be an indicator of early genetic esffects for pesticide-exposed populations.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.129-134
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• 2013

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is defined by a 20-mm Hg difference of systolic blood pressure (dtSBP) and/or a 10-mm Hg difference of diastolic blood pressure (dtDBP) between supine and standing, and OH is associated with a failure of the cardiovascular reflex to maintain blood pressure on standing from a supine position. To understand the underlying genetic factors for OH traits (OH, dtSBP, and dtDBP), genome-wide association studies (GWASs) using 333,651 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were conducted separately for two population-based cohorts, Ansung (n = 3,173) and Ansan (n = 3,255). We identified 8 SNPs (5 SNPs for dtSBP and 3 SNPs for dtDBP) that were repeatedly associated in both the Ansung and Ansan cohorts and had p-values of < $1{\times}10^{-5}$ in the meta-analysis. Unfortunately, the SNPs of the OH case control GWAS did not pass our p-value criteria. Four of 8 SNPs were located in the intergenic region of chromosome 2, and the nearest gene (CTNNA2) was located at 1 Mb of distance. CTNNA2 is a linker between cadherin adhesion receptors and the actin cytoskeleton and is essential for stabilizing dendritic spines in rodent hippocampal neurons. Although there is no report about the function in blood pressure regulation, hippocampal neurons interact primarily with the autonomic nervous system and might be related to OH. The remaining SNPs, rs7098785 of dtSBP trait and rs6892553, rs16887217, and rs4959677 of dtDBP trait were located in the PIK3AP1 intron, ACTBL2-3' flanking, STAR intron, and intergenic region, respectively, but there was no clear functional link to blood pressure regulation.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.251-259
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• 2011

The aim of this is to examine the effects of SSP therapy on the internal carotid arteries blood flow of 24 tension type headache patients(study group) and non tension type headache patients(control group), and on the reduction of their headaches, when applied to the acupuncture points. It stimulated the acupuncture point of headache 6 place with the SSP. It measured VAS and the blood flow of the internal carotid arteries with TCD. When the internal carotid arteries blood flow of study group and control group were compared by period, a significant difference was found in the 4th period(p<.05). When the Visual Analog Scale of study group and control group were compared by period, a significant difference was found in the 4th period(p<.05). The comparison of each measurement result of the internal carotid arteries blood flow of the study group found significantly increased. The comparison of each measurement result of the VAS of study group found significantly decreased. With regard to the control group, the VAS significantly decreased. The silver spike point low frequency electrical stimulation treatment, when applied to the acupuncture point, can significantly influence the internal carotid arteries blood flow of headache patients and can significantly reduce their headaches.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.336-346
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• 2009

As a follow-up survey of A Study of Monitoring Method on Exposure Level and Biomarkers of Environmental Pollutants-Focused on Ulsan Industrial Comlpex Area, published in 2005, a close examination of the health status was conducted for selected Ulsan residents. Based on the previous study, a total number of 129 subjects were divided into two groups: the exposure group consisted of 39 residents whose blood levels of lead, mercury and/or cadmium were higher than international reference values, and 90 residents of control group with normal levels. Environmental exposure level and its association with health condition were examined by various methods such as questionnaire, analyses of lead, mercury and cadmium in blood and medical examinations. The geometric mean concentrations of lead, mercury and cadmium in blood were respectively $2.07{\mu}g/d{\ell}$ (exposure $2.54{\mu}g/d{\ell}$, control $1.90{\mu}g/d{\ell}$), $5.94{\mu}g/L$ (exposure $8.57{\mu}g/L$, control $5.07{\mu}g/L$), $1.32{\mu}g/L$ (exposure $1.30{\mu}g/L$, control $1.33{\mu}g/L$). The concentrations of the three heavy metals in blood showed lower levels than internationally recommended values except for blood mercury. Also, any abnormal or, peculiar disease, or target tissue damage related to the heavy metals was not observed among the all subjects. Therefore, it can be said that no significant difference of heavy metal concentrations and health conditions was found between the two groups.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.69-81
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• 2000

Etiology and pathogenesis of hyperlipidemia are considered as 'difficiency in origin' of liver, spleen and kidney combined with 'excess in superficiality' of phlegm stagnancy and blood stasis. The prescription of Semyung-Gangji-tang, designed for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis, consists of herbs effective at treating blood stasis and phlegm stagnancy. It invigorates the liver, kidney and spleen. Its medical nature is not too cold or too hot and it increases human vital energy. The purpose of this study is to examine the currative effects of Semyung-Gangji-tang on hyperlipidemia in rabbits. Twenty-four male NZW rabbits, around 2kg of B.W., were divided into 3 groups. Group I was served as the normal group. Group II was served as the hyperlipidemic control group fed with 1 % cholesterol diet for 8weeks and with normal diet for the next 4weeks. Group III was served as the treatment group, treated the same as the control group and medicated with Semyung-Gangji-tang for the last 4weeks. Blood samples were collected from each of the animals at a, 3, 6, 8, 10, 12 weeks and used for the blood chemical analysis. Animals were sacrificed at 8 and 12weeks and chemical analyses were performed on the collected liver samples. The serum total cholesterol value of treatment group ($938.60{\pm}95.07{\;}mg/dl$) at l2weeks was significantly decreased (P<0.00l) compared with the value of control group ($1375{\pm}37.82{\;}mg/dl$) at 12weeks. The serum LDL-cholesterol value of the treatment group ($838.00{\pm}89.52 mg/dl$) at l2weeks was significantly decreased(p<0.00l) compared with the value of the control group ($1249.60{\pm}37.63{\;}mg/dl$) at l2weeks. These results indicate that Semyung-Gangji-tang has the effects of lowering serum lipid in experimentally induced hyperlipidemic rabbits.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.9-20
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of preferred music intervention on anxiety, vital signs and blood sugar of surgical patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. Methods: A quasi-experimental research with non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design was carried out. Subjects consisted of 40 patients (experimental group 20, control group 20) who were scheduled to undergo surgery with spinal anesthesia. During the operation, music individual patients preferred was provided to the experimental group. The data were collected from July 4 to November 10, 2011 and analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square test, ANCOVA and repeated measured ANCOVA using SAS (ver 9.2). Results: 1) Patient anxiety during the operation of the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (F=93.77, p<.001). 2) There was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure (F=.00, p=.979), Systolic blood pressure (F=.19, p=.668), heart rate (F=.00, p=.955), and blood sugar (F=.73, p=.399) between the experimental group and the control group. Conclusion: Letting patients hear their preferred music during surgery is an effective nursing intervention to relieve anxiety of patients undergoing surgery with spinal anesthesia.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.721-727
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• 1997

This study investigated whether dietary factors are more influential factor than other health behavior such as drinking, smoking and exercise on abnormal serum cholesterol level inspite of Korean dietary pattern differences compared to Europeans and Americans. A double case control study model has been used for the study design. One model consisted of high blood cholesterol cases and control. the other model consisted of low blood cholesterol cased and controls. 5.398 sedentary male workers who had taken medical examinations at a university hospital were used as the study subjects. Out of the study subjects, 36individuals with high blood cholesterol cases and 30 individuals with low blood cholesterol cases were selected. For the 66 individual control selection, the individual control selection, the individuals matching method was adopted. The food frequency method was used to collect the data for assessment of the dietary factors. A standardized questionnaire was used to investigate other health behavior. logistic regression analysis was employed to measure the relative importance between the factors considered. There were no statistically significant differences observed in nutrients consumption or other health behavior among the low, normal and high blood cholesterol groups, An overmatching effect had been suspected as the cause of those findings. However, the results of logistic regression analysis to identify the factors influencing high serum cholesterol showed that odd ratios of dietary factors such as tocopherol(3.0) and saturated fatty acid(1.6) were higher than I. I of smoking and 1.2 of drinking. Similar results were also observed incases of low serum cholesterol. The above findings imply that although the dietary pattern is quite different from that of Europeans and America, the dietary factor is still a significant factor for abnormal blood cholesterol in Koreans. Therefore, the dietary risk factor identified in high fat consumption populations are still relevant for the relatively healthy Korean as guideline for preventive health practices. (Korean J Community Nutrition 2(5) : 721∼727, 1997)

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.611-616
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• 2007

The study was designed to investigate the effects of Leonuri herba extract (LHE) on the change of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBT and cytokines production (IL-1${\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-10, TGF-${\beta}$) in ischemic rats. The results were as follows : The rCBF was significantly and stably increased by LHE (10 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group. In cytokine production of serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood at 1 hr after middle cerebral arterial occlusion, experimental group (LHE 10 mg/kg treated group) was significantly decreased IL-l${\beta}$ production, and increased TGF-${\beta}$ production compared with control group. In cytokine production of serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood at 1 hr after reperfusion, experimental group was significantly decreased IL-1${\beta}$ production compared with control group. IL-10 and TGF-${\beta}$ production of sample group were significantly increased compared with control group. These results suggested that LHE was significantly and stably increased regional cerebral blood flow by inhibited IL-1${\beta}$ production, and accelerated IL-10 and TGF-${\beta}$ production.

• Annals of Laboratory Medicine
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.599-603
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• 2018

Frequencies of red blood cell (RBC) blood group antigens differ by ethnicity. Since the number of immigrants is increasing in Korea, RBC antigens should be assessed in children/youths with parents of different ethnicities to ensure safe transfusions. We investigated the frequency of RBC antigens, except for ABO and RhD, in 382 children and youths with parents having Korean and non-Korean ethnicities. Subjects were divided into those with ethnically Korean parents (Korean group; N=252) and those with at least one parent of non-Korean ethnicity (non-Korean group; N=130). The 37 RBC antigens were genotyped using the ID CORE XT system (Progenika Biopharma-Grifols, Bizkaia, Spain). The frequencies of the Rh (E, C, e, $hr^S$, and $hr^B$), Duffy ($Fy^a$), MNS ($Mi^a$), and Cartwright ($Yt^b$) antigens differed significantly between the two groups. Eight and 11 subjects in the Korean and non-Korean groups, respectively, exhibited negative expression of high-frequency antigens, whereas 14 subjects in the non-Korean group showed positive expression of low-frequency antigens. The frequency of RBC antigens has altered alongside demographic changes in Korea and might lead to changes in distribution of RBC antibodies that cause acute or delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.45-50
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• 2011

Compared to that in the Caucasian population, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) incidence rates are very low in Koreans. Therefore, compared to the recent development of pharmacological therapy applicable to Korean children with T1DM, interest in nonpharmacological therapy and psychosocial support systems remains low, as is the development of Korean-style T1DM education programs for therapeutic application. Children who have been newly diagnosed with diabetes are placed in completely new environments for treatment. For appropriate control of diabetes, patients have to self-monitor blood glucose levels and inject insulin several times a day and must use extreme self-control when they eat foods to avoid increases in blood glucose levels. Blood glucose excursions resulting from impaired pancreatic ${\beta}$ cell functions cause mental stress due to vague fears of chronic complications of diabetes. In addition, children with diabetes cannot be excluded from the substantial amount of studies required of Korean adolescents, and the absolute shortage of time for ideal control of diabetes adds to their mental stress. Many of these patients are psychologically isolated in school where they spend most of their time, and they are not appropriately considered or supported with respect to blood glucose control in many cases. In this respect, this author will introduce some of the newest views on nonpharmacological therapy and psychosocial support systems that account for important parts of T1DM management and seek measures to apply them in conformity with the social characteristics of Korea.