• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.253-258
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• 2020

Depression is a disease with an increasing prevalence worldwide, and is highly associated with mortality as well as several diseases such as hypertension. The aim of this study is to discover clinical risk indicators associated with depression in the occupational group of simple labor workers. This study used the Seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018) conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In association between depression and demographic information, age, sex, degree of stress perception, and stress perception ratio indices had a very high statistical association with depression, and education level and marital status were also associated with depression. Obesity indices such as abdominal circumference and body mass index were not associated with depression. Among the blood information, hemoglobin and hematocrit were highly associated with depression, and statistical significance was maintained even in the analysis adjusted for sex and age. The results of this study can be used as information for the prevention and treatment of depression in the occupational group of simple labor workers in the future.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.485-497
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of the developed nutrition education program focused on individual daily energy requirements and food exchange units using Food Exchange System for diabetes mellitus at a community health center. Developed the nutrition education program, four weeks' nutrition education including provided twice individual meal as diet therapy (2 hour/lesson/week, 4 week), was provided to 20 diabetic elderly (12 male, 8 female, 50-75 yrs): 1st lesson "Introduction: management of diabetes mellitus", 2nd lesson "6 Food groups and sources of 6 food groups", 3rd lesson "Individual daily energy requirements and food exchange units", and 4th lesson "Food choice for diabetes mellitus". For effects' analysis of the developed program, we assessed the changes in anthropometric characteristics; biochemical characteristics and nutrient intakes using 24 hr recall method. Effects of the developed nutrition education program were as follows: weight was significantly decreased, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were significantly decreased, and distribution of subjects in BUN and HbA1c was significantly changed. In protein : fat : carbohydrate (PFC) ratio, it was significantly changed from 15.98 : 16.30 : 66.69 to 17.51 : 18.94 : 64.10. In evaluation of nutrient intakes by Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRI), protein, fiber, fat, vitamin E, niacin, folic acid, calcium and zinc were shown significantly positive changes in distribution of subjects according to intake level. The index of nutrition quality (INQ), nutrition adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean nutrition adequacy ratio (MAR) were significantly increased. In conclusion, the developed 4 weeks' nutrition education program focused on individual daily energy requirements and food exchange units using Food Exchange System for diabetes mellitus at community health center may improve the symptom of diabetes mellitus.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.430-437
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• 2011

The epidermal recovering-effects of the Cnidium officinale extract after inducing contact-dermatitis by 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) showed by measuring thickness of skin, identifying IgE amounts in plasma, and activities of anti-oxidant enzymes using histochemical and biochemical methods. By three-time applications of the extract, morphological changes of dermatitis in impaired region were recovered dramatically and shape of skin surface and thickness of epidermis were restored to be normal. Also, lipid content was recovered to the level of normal state. We suggested that extract treatment lowered a hypersensitive reaction by decreasing of IgE level in blood and restored activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. In conclusion, we proposed that C. officinale extract might be used as natural resources for treating effectively allergic contact-dermatitis.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.119-132
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• 2008

Objectives : To compare the effects of low-frequency electro-acupuncture (EA) stimulation at left and right GB34s on hepatotoxicity in $CCl_4$-intoxicated rats. Methods : Rats were injected with $CCl_4$ and treated with 2 Hz electro-acupuncture (EA) at left and right GB34s for 15 minutes 3 times per week, for 10 weeks. Holder group, injected with $CCl_4$ and strained in a cylinder for same period as the EA group, was established to compare the hepatotoxicity against the two electroacupuncture groups. To estimate the effects of EA on hepatotoxicity in rats, body weight, liver weight and liver index were measured. Biochemical assays for serum ALT, AST, ALP and total cholesterol ; hematological analysis for RBC, WBC, PLT, hemoglobin, lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes ; and histology analysis of liver tissue were also performed. Results : Lymphocyte level in blood was significantly decreased by $CCl_4$-intoxication, and increased by low-frequency electroacupuncture applied on both left and right GB34s. Low-frequency EA applied on right and left GB34s significantly reduced serum ALT and AST, both of which had been increased by $CCl_4$-intoxication. Conclusion : Low-frequency electroacupunctures at both left and right GB34s have hepatoprotective effects on $CCl_4$-induced liver damage in rats. However, no significant differences were found between the effects of EAs at left and right GB34s.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.257-260
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• 2015

Reproductive disorders in cows cause economic loss in livestock farms. Reproductive diseases, such as follicular cyst, luteal cyst, endometritis, pyometra, and repeat breeding cause infertility. Among these diseases, endometritis and pyometra are uterine infections that are leading causes of infertility. This study was performed to investigate the causative agents of uterine diseases using bacterial culture. Bacteria were obtained from the reproductive organs (vagina, uterine cervix, and uterine horn) of dairy cow diagnosed with endometritis or pyometra, and cultured on blood agar. The colonies obtained from cultivation for 24 hours were passaged. To identify the bacteria, the colonies grown in passaged culture Gram stained and applied to an automatic biochemical microbial identification system. Escherichia coli were commonly detected in vagina, uterine cervix, and uterine horn of dairy cows diagnosed to pyometra. The cows having endometritis showed not only Escherichia coli but also Pantoea spp. and Klebsiella spp. strains. Dairy cows that were infected with Escherichia coli in uterus caused mastitis or digestive disease. These results suggest that sanitary feeding and management beforehand are needed to prevent bacterial infections.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.289-296
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship and lipids in healthy adults on self-selected diets. These subjects consisted of 40 female college students residing in Chungnam. Anthropometric measure-ments, diet intake measurements, and blood collection were conducted. Serum concentrations of 5 microminerals(As, Cr, Mn, Se, Ni), lipids(triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol), and glucose were measured by an ICP spectrometer and biochemical analyzer. The results were as follows. The mean age of the subjects was 22.34 years and the mean weight, height, and BMI were 52.89kg, 161.29cm and 20.34, respectively. The mean serum concentrations appeared to be 14.60ug/dl(As), 1.87ug/dl(Cr), 0.18ug/dl(Mn), 23.50ug/dl(Se), 0.21ug/dl(Ni), 60.73mg/dl(triglyceride), 138.49mg/dl(total cholesterol), 65.95mg/dl(HDL-cholesterol), 60.39mg/dl(LDL-cholesterol) and 88.82mg/dl(glucose). When analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient, the serum concentration of Cr was negatively correlated with Ca and vitamin B12 intake(p〈0.05, p〈0.05) respectively, Mn was negatively correlated with Na intake(p〈0.05), Ni, however, was positively correlated with K intake(p〈0.05). The serum concentration of Se was positively correlated with LDL-cholesterol(p〈0.05), Ni, however, negatively correlated with total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and glucose, respectively(p〈0.001, p〈0.01, p〈0.05). Further studies are needed to clarify the precise micromineral intakes, nutritional assessment of microminerals, and cause-effect relation of microminerals and serum lipids.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.400-405
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Hovenia dulcis Thunberg (HDT) and HDTmix extracts on the biochemical analysis, histopathology and histomorphometry of liver and kidney in carbon tetrachloride $(CCl_4)$ administrated rats. Extract was prepared by autoclave ($121^{\circ}C$, 15 psi, 3 hours) and filtered with nylon cloth and filter paper then freezing dried. In blood chemistry analysis, HDTmix group, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were significantly (p<0.01) decreased compared to the $CCl_4$ group, on 3rd day, respectively. In histologic and histomorphometry analysis, the $CCl_4-related$ hepatopathies and nephropathies were dramatically decreased (3rd, 5th day), and well corresponded to the histopathological changes significantly (p<0.01) decreases of degenerative regions, degenerative cells and glomeruli were detected in liver and kidney with significantly decreases of $CCl_4$ group. HDTmix group, quite similar effects on the liver and kidney were observed compared to that of HDT extracts group but more favorable efficacies were detected especially HDTmix also inhibit the hepatopathies (1 day), in which HDT extract does not showed any inhibit effects.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2016

The present study evaluated the effects of a mixture of Galla rhois and Cinnamomum cassia extracts (GCE) (1 : 1, w/w) on susceptibility to the colonization of Campylobacter (C.) jejuni in broilers. Eighty two-week-old broilers (n = 20 per group) were used to estimate the efficacy of GCE against C. jejuni infection via drinking water. Antibacterial activity testing revealed that the minimum bactericidal concentration of GCE against C. jejuni was 2.5 mg/mL. Broilers challenged with C. jejuni were administered 0.0 (Non-GCE), 2.5 (GCE-2.5), 5.0 (GCE-5.0) and 10.0 g/L (GCE-10) GCE for 7 days, and the cecal contents were collected from five broilers per group on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th day post-treatment. On day 3 post-administration, the number of C. jejuni in GCE-5.0 (p < 0.05) and GCE-10 (p < 0.01) was significantly decreased relative to Non-GCE, while on day 7 those in all GCE-treated groups were significantly decreased compared to the Non-GCE group (p < 0.001). Hematological and blood biochemical analysis revealed no significant differences in parameters between the Non-GCE and GCE-treated groups. Based on the results of the present study, GCE was identified as a safe and alternative candidate to suppress C. jejuni colonization in broilers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

Objectives: The present study investigated the potential subacute toxicity of 1,4-dichlorobutane (1,4-DCB) by a 2-week repeated oral dose in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Materials and Methods: The test chemical was administered once daily by gavage to male rats at dose levels of 0, 74, 222, 667, and 2000 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks. All rats were sacrificed at the end of treatment period. During the test period, clinical signs, mortality, body weights, food and water consumption, urinalysis, hematology, serum biochemistry, gross findings, and organ weights were examined. Results: At 2000 mg/kg/day, treatment-related clinical signs, as evidenced by hypothermia, decreased locomotor activity, piloerection, lying on side, and prone position were observed. All the rats were found dead on test day 2. At 667 mg/kg/day, polyuria, suppressed body weight gain, food consumption, and spleen and thymus weights, and increased adrenal gland and liver weights were observed.Hematological and serum biochemical investigations revealed increases in the alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphataseand total bilirubinand decreases in the serum $Na^+$ level, white blood cell count and lymphocyte ratio. There were no treatment-related adverse effects in the 74 and 222 mg/kg/day groups. Conclusions: In the present experimental conditions, target organs were determined to be spleen, thymus,and liver. The no-observed-adverse-effect level was considered to be 222 mg/kg/day in male rats.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.303-309
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• 1994

The analysis of membrane receptors for hormones and neurotransmitters has progressed considerably by pharmacological and biochemical means and more recently through the use of specific antibodies. Two kinds of antibodies could be produced, one is from synthetic peptides and the other from proteins such as purified receptor. Anti-peptide antibodies gave some advantages; epitope is evident and also receptor purification in quantity is not prerequisite. It can be also applied to the study of receptor structure-activity relationship. The purpose of the present study was 1) to produce and characterize a polyclonal antibody against a synthetic $\beta$2-adrenergic receptor peptide(Phe-Gly-Asn-Phe-Trp-Cys-Phe-Trp-Thr-Ser-Ile-Asp-Val-Leu) and 2) to determine the effects of this antibody on the $\beta$-adrenergic receptor ligand interaction. The peptide sequence contains an amino acid residue such as Asp-113 which was identified as one of important component for receptor-ligand interaction in site-directed mutagenesis studies. Production of antibody was performed by immunization of rabbits through popliteal lymph node with the peptide coupled with Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH). The titer of antibody against this peptide was 1 : 1000. The anti-peptide antibody was able to detect a 67 kDa protein band in western blot corresponding to the molecular weight of the $\beta$-adrenergic receptor in partially purified receptor fraction derived from guinea pig lung. The antisera inhibited the specific binding of [$^3$H]dihydroalprenolol to $\beta$-adrenergic receptor in a concentration-dependent manner. The results from this study suggest that the peptide sequence selected in the present study is important for the receptor ligand interaction.