• ETRI Journal
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.284-291
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• 2017

Drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) is one of the main parameters employed to indicate the short-channel effect for nano metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). We propose a new physical model of the DIBL effect under two-dimensional approximations based on the energy-conservation equation for channel electrons in FETs, which is different from the former field-penetration model. The DIBL is caused by lowering of the effective potential barrier height seen by the channel electrons because a lateral channel electric field results in an increase in the average kinetic energy of the channel electrons. The channel length, temperature, and doping concentration-dependent DIBL effects predicted by the proposed physical model agree well with the experimental data and simulation results reported in Nature and other journals.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07c
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• pp.1835-1837
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• 1996

Characteristics of Discharge and nonthermal plasma generation in a micro-air gap spacing between a micro-dielectric barrier and a electrode have been investigated experimentally to chert the potential to be used as a micro-scale nonthermal plasma generator. It is found that the output ozone concentration, as a nonthermal plasma intensity parameter, of the micro-air gnp nonthermal plasma generator depended greatly upon the air gap spacing and thickness of the dielectric barrier. As a result, there is a optimal air gap sparing in the same micro dielectric barrier to generate ozone effectively. And the higher ozone concentration was generated from the thinner micro-barrier.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.435-449
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• 2013

The vehicle-induced aerodynamic loads bring vibrations to some of the highway sound barriers, for they are designed in consideration of natural wind loads only. A field experiment is carried out with respect to three important factors: vehicle type, vehicle speed and the vehicle-barrier separation distance. Based on the results, the time-history of pressures is given, showing identical characteristics in all cases. Therefore, the vehicle-induced aerodynamic loads acting on the highway sound barrier are summarized as the combination of "head impact" and "wake impact". The head impact appears to have potential features, while the wake impact is influenced by the rotational flow. Then parameters in the experiment are analyzed, showing that the head impact varies with vehicle speed, vehicle-barrier separation distance, vehicle shape and cross-sectional area, while the wake impact is mainly about vehicle-barrier separation distance and vehicle length.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.299-315
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• 2001

Application of membranes for guided tissue regeneration(GTR) have been confined to the subgingival barrier functions; however, many studies have provided evidence that some drugs, including tetracycline, initially can promote the growth of periodontal ligament or alveolar bone in peridontal therapy. Osseous regeneration in periodontal defects is increased by local administration of tetracycline due to its anti-collagenolytic effect, which enhances bone-forming ability via osteoblast cell chemotaxis and reduced bone resorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of tetracycline loaded poly-L-lactide(PLLA) barrier membranes for guided bone regenerative potential. Tetracycline was incorporated into the PLLA membrane with the ratio 10% to PLLA by weight. Ability to guided bone regeneration of the membranes were tested by measuring new bone in the tibial defects($7{\times}10{\times}5\;mm^3$) of the beagle dog for 4,5, and 6 weeks. In control, drug-unloaded PLLA membranes were used in same size of defect. In histologic finding of the defect area, a few inflammatory cells were observed in both groups. These membrane were not perforated by connective tissue and maintained their mechanical integrity for the barrier function for 4-6 weeks. New bone formation was greater in defects covered by tetracycline-loaded membrane than in defects covered by drug- unloaded membranes. In bone regeneration guiding potential test, tetracycline-loaded membrane was more effective than drug- unloaded membranes(p<0.05). These results suggest that tetracycline-loaded PLLA membranes potentially enhance guided bone regenerative efficacy and might be a useful barrier for GTR in periodontal treatment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.2643-2648
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• 2015

This paper analyzes the phenomenon of drain induced barrier lowering(DIBL) for doping profiles in channel of asymmetric double gate(DG) MOSFET. The DIBL, the important short channel effect, is described as lowering of source barrier height by drain voltage. The analytical potential distribution is derived from Poisson's equation to analyze the DIBL, and the DIBL is observed according to the change of doping profile to influence on potential distribution. As a results, the DIBL is significantly influenced by projected range and standard projected deviation, the variables of channel doping profiles. The change of DIBL shows greatly in the range of high doping concentration such as $10^{18}/cm^3$. The DIBL increases with decrease of channel length and increase of channel thickness, and with increase of bottom gate voltage and top/bottom gate oxide film thickness.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.193-207
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical results of guided tissue regeneration(GTR) using a resorbable barrier manufactured from an copolymer of polylactic acid (PLA) and polylaetic-glycolic acid(PLGA) with those of nonresorbable ePTFE barrier. Thirty two patients(25 to 59 years old) with one radiographically evident intrabony lesion of probing depth ${\geq}$6mm participated in a 6-month controlled clinical trial. The subjects were randomly divided into three independent groups. The first group(n=8) received a ePTFE barrier. The second group (n=12) received a resorbable PLA/PLGA barrier. The third group (n=12) received a resorbable PLA/PLGA barrier combined with an alloplastic bone graft. Plaque index (PI), gingival index(GI), probing depth(PD), gingival recession, clinical attachment level(CAL), and tooth mobility were recorded prior to surgery and at 3, 6 months postsurgery, Statistical tests used to analyze these data included independent t-test, paired t-test, one-way ANOVA. The results were as follows : 1. Probing depth was significantly reduced in all groups at 3, 6 months postsurgery and there were not significant differences between groups. 2. Clinical attachment level was significantly increased in all groups at 3, 6 months postsurgery and there were not significant differences between groups. 3. There were not significant differences in probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession, tooth mobility between second group (PLA/PLGA barrier) and third group (PLA/PLGA barrier combined with alloplastic bone graft) 4. Tooth mobility was not significantly increased in all groups at 3, 6 months postsurgery and there were not significant differences between groups. In conclusion, PLA/PLGA resorbable barrier has similar clinical potential to eP'IFE barrier in GTR procedure of intrabony pockets under the present protocol.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.284-294
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• 2018

Purpose: Epithelial barrier dysfunction is involved in the pathophysiology of periodontitis and oral lichen planus. Estrogens have been shown to enhance the physical barrier function of intestinal and esophageal epithelia, and we aimed to investigate the effect of estradiol (E2) on the regulation of physical barrier and tight junction (TJ) proteins in human oral epithelial cell monolayers. Methods: HOK-16B cell monolayers cultured on transwells were treated with E2, an estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist (ICI 182,780), tumor necrosis factor alpha ($TNF{\alpha}$), or dexamethasone (Dexa), and the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) was then measured. Cell proliferation was measured by the cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay. The levels of TJ proteins and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor $(NF)-{\kappa}B$ were examined by confocal microscopy. Results: E2 treatment increased the TER and the levels of junctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-A and zonula occludens (ZO)-1 in a dose-dependent manner, without affecting cell proliferation during barrier formation. Treatment of the tight-junctioned cell monolayers with $TNF{\alpha}$ induced decreases in the TER and the levels of ZO-1 and nuclear translocation of $NF-{\kappa}B$. These $TNF{\alpha}-induced$ changes were inhibited by E2, and this effect was completely reversed by co-treatment with ICI 182,780. Furthermore, E2 and Dexa presented an additive effect on the epithelial barrier function. Conclusions: E2 reinforces the physical barrier of oral epithelial cells through the nuclear ER-dependent upregulation of TJ proteins. The protective effect of E2 on the $TNF{\alpha}-induced$ impairment of the epithelial barrier and its additive effect with Dexa suggest its potential use to treat oral inflammatory diseases involving epithelial barrier dysfunction.

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.157-164
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• 2021

Recently we investigated a type of Hyers-Ulam stability of the Schrödinger equation with the symmetric parabolic wall potential that efficiently describes the quantum harmonic oscillations. In this paper we study a type of Hyers-Ulam stability of the Schrödinger equation when the potential barrier is a quartic wall in the solid crystal models.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.161-170
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• 2017

Meningitis caused by Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (S. suis 2) is a great threat to the pig industry and human health. Virulence factors associated with the pathogenesis of meningitis have yet to be clearly defined, even though many potential S. suis 2 virulence factors have been identified. This greatly hinders the progress of S. suis 2 meningitis pathogenesis research. In this study, a co-culture blood-brain barrier (BBB) model was established using primary porcine brain microvascular endothelial cells and astrocytes, and the whole genome library of S. suis 2 was constructed using phage display technology. Finally, a total of 14 potential virulence factors contributing to S. suis 2 adherence to and invasion of the BBB were selected by analyzing the interactions between the phage library and the co-culture model. Twelve of these factors have not been previously reported in meningitis-related research. The data provide valuable insight into the pathogenesis of S. suis 2 meningitis and potential targets for the development of drug therapies.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.13 no.2 s.39
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• pp.15-19
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• 2006

The resistance switching characteristics of amorphous $SiO_2$ and poly-crystalline $TiO_2$ were investigated. Both films exhibit well defined switching characteristics with low and high resistance states. From I-V curve analyses, it was found that the low resistance states of both films obey an ohmic conduction mechanism and the high resistance states show generation of a Schottky potential barrier. Regarding the mechanism for resistance switching of the binary oxide, it is suggested that the generation and annihilation of potential barriers accounts for the changes to the high resistance state and low resistance state, respectively. The device operation characteristic parameters such as reset and set voltages of $TiO_2$ are distinctly smaller than those of $SiO_2$, indicating that the values are related to the dielectric constant.